Active clinical trials for "Pruritus"

The study is a Phase II, multi center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in male and female subjects, aged ≥ 19 years with skin pruritus. All subjects will receive BID topical applications of PAC-14028 cream or vehicle for up to 4 weeks.

It is historically well known that the management of pruritus in atopic dermatitis is very difficult. Most of the patients are not controlled with traditional antihistamines such as Clarinex, Claritin, and Allegra. It will be a welcome addition to our treatment armamentarium if a drug such as Xyzal can control pruritus associated with atopic dermatitis.

Pruritus is the commonest side effect of intrathecal morphine especially in parturient, but the exact mechanism of pruritus is not clear. Many mechanisms have been suggested. Among these mechanisms is the activation of the 5-HT3 receptors by the intrathecally injected morphine.

Background: Common adverse side effects related to the use of neuraxial opioids in the obstetric population include nausea, vomiting, and pruritus. Serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists, in particular ondansetron, have been identified as possible antipruritic agents. It was reported that dexamethasone plus ondansetron is more effective than ondansetron for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting but no additional effect on treating pruritus. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of prophylactic ondansetron versus ondansetron plus dexamethasone after cesarean section on pruritus and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Methods: A prospective randomized double blind study that will be conducted between June 2016 and June 2017. Patients will be randomly allocated into two groups. The first group will receive 4 mg intravenous (IV) ondansetron while the other group will receive 4 mg IV ondansetron plus 8 mg dexamethasone.

Children with healing burns often suffer from pruritus that may continue for many months. Pruritus can be very distressing to the child and can interfere with sleep, activities of daily living, and rehabilitation therapy. Additionally, constant scratching of skin grafts may result in damage that requires further surgery, thus putting the patient at additional risk and adding to health care costs. Although the size of the burn injury is a risk factor for pruritus, almost 50% of patients with small burn injuries reported moderate or severe pruritus.

The purpose of this study is to improve how we treat itching, a common side effect associated with the use of morphine pain medication. Itching is a problem experienced by up to 30% of the children treated with pain medications in the morphine family. Despite studies demonstrating the effectiveness of using naloxone to treat itchiness in adults receiving morphine pain medications, there are not many studies in children. This study is designed to study how well naloxone works for treatment of itching in children

patients may appear serious perineal itching, after injection of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection its incidence is about 25% ~ 100%, and the incidence of the discomfort in females was much higher than that of the maleTo investigate the effect of propofol pretreatment on perineal pruritus induced by dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection and explore the possible machanisms.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of three doses of orvepitant, taken once a day, in the treatment of pruritus associated with atopic dermatitis.

Neuraxial anesthesia, which includes epidural anesthesia and intrathecal anesthesia, is a frequent anesthetic approach for caesarean delivery and other lower abdominal and lower limb anesthetic procedures. The addition of neuraxial morphine to local anesthetics provides an effective and prolonged postoperative analgesia. Neuraxial administration of morphine which is considered as a gold standard for analgesia has been associated with a frequent incidence of pruritus and postoperative nausea and vomiting. The incidence of neuraxial opioid induced pruritus varies widely from 30% - 60% after orthopedic surgery with intrathecal morphine injection and from 60% - 100% in pregnant women after neuraxial opioid administration. Parturients appear to be the most susceptible to neuraxial opioid-induced pruritus which probably might be due to the interaction of estrogens with opioid receptors. Although the exact mechanism of neuraxial opioid induced pruritus is unclear, the postulated mechanisms include the presence of an "itch center" in the central nervous system (CNS), medullary dorsal horn activation, antagonism of inhibitory transmitters, modulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine subtype 3 (5-HT3) or serotonergic pathways and the involvement of prostaglandins. There is dense concentration of opioid receptors and 5-HT3 receptors in the dorsal part of the spinal cord and the nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve in the medulla. Activation of these receptors by neuraxial opioid administration or by circulating estrogen in parturients results in neuraxial opioid induced pruritus which is usually localized to the face, neck, or upper thorax. Nalbuphine, propofol and ondansetron have been used effectively in the treatment of pruritus associated with neuraxial morphine in surgical patients. Granisetron is a potent and highly selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that has little or no affinity for other 5-HT receptors, or dopaminergic, adrenergic, benzodiazepine, histaminic, or opioid receptors. Its onset of action is 1-3 min, peak plasma level 30 min, plasma half-life is 4-6 h and duration of action up to 24 h. Its longer duration of action than that of ondansetron may coincide with the peak incidence of pruritus after intrathecal morphine (6-9 h). In contrast, other 5-HT3-receptor antagonists have affinities for various receptor-binding sites. For example, ondansetron has detectable binding to 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C, α1-adrenergic, and μ-opioid receptor sites. Although not proven, the binding of these agents to additional receptor subtypes other than their target receptor may underlie the inferior adverse event profile seen with ondansetron compared with granisetron.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using a commercially available acupuncture stud at the LI11 acupuncture point at reducing the severity of itch caused by intrathecal diamorphine in elective caesarean section.