Active clinical trials for "Lipodystrophy"

The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe and effective to give the protease inhibitor (PI) amprenavir (APV) to patients with fat production and distribution problems associated with other PIs. Protease inhibitors are very effective in treating HIV-1 disease. However, patients who take these drugs often have problems, such as hyperlipidemia (an increased level of fat in the blood) and lipodystrophy (problems with the way fat is produced and distributed in the body). Doctors do not know exactly how PIs are related to these problems. APV has been shown to be safe and effective in lowering plasma viral loads (level of HIV in the blood). APV may be useful for patients who develop complications associated with other PIs.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of detraining in the components of physical aptitude of people living with HIV/Aids (PVHA).

Lipoatrophy is a condition that affects certain individuals, most commonly those who are infected with the HIV virus. Lipoatrophy however can also affect individuals who suffer from recurrent systemic infections, those who have a weakened immune system, or certain patients who suffer from cancer or receive chemotherapeutics. In contrast, lipoatrophy can sometimes be present in individuals who are perfectly healthy but have genetically predisposing factors that can contribute to facial emaciation or lipoatrophy. The function of injectable fillers for the treatment of dermal contour deformities is to smooth dermal depressions formed by the loss of volume. These often elastic contour fillers (also known as soft tissue augmentation devices) can correct hollowness around the eyes, add fullness to thin lips, balance a disproportionate face or correct topographical anomalies. This study aims to: Objectively measure the improvement of contour-deformities after Sculptra™ injection from baseline to study closure by utilizing the Primos™ photographic/topographical measuring system. Evaluate the efficacy, longevity and duration of volume-correction in subjects which are both HIV positive and HIV negative. Assess the safety of Scupltra™ dermal filler when used to correct volume deformities caused by lipoatrophy in subjects that are HIV negative.

This is a prospective, non-randomised, 48 week study of the effect of protease inhibitor (PI) containing and non-PI containing antiretroviral regimens on the expression of adipocyte specific genes, protein levels and cellular structure in HIV-infected individuals, naive to therapy, who are starting therapy for the first time.

Mandibular dysplasia with deafness and progeroid features (MDP) syndrome is a rare genetic metabolic disorder that causes lipodystrophy: the inability of the body to store subcutaneous adipose tissue (fat under the skin). This creates a unique scenario where any ingested fat is diverted to the abdomen and liver, often leading to diabetes. The investigators have an opportunity to study an individual with MDP who has competed in and won national para-cycling championships and is able to prevent/control his diabetes by regular bicycle training. He has approached us for advice on nutritional strategies to improve his cycling performance, and insight into how he uses fat during exercise. The investigators also wish to study a moderately-trained cyclist with Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL). Those with FPL show a different pattern of lipodystrophy than those with MDP, allowing us to further increase the investigator's understanding of fat utilisation in those with lipodystrophy during exercise. The investigators know how subcutaneous fat is used during exercise, and how duration, nutrition, carbohydrate availability, and exercise intensity can affect this. The investigators aim to investigate these processes during exercise in MDP and FPL. This will potentially provide nutrition and performance advice to the individuals, and insight on fat use in lipodystrophy and diabetes.

This is a randomised study of the effect of treatment with Combivir (zidovudine [AZT] and lamivudine [3TC]) and Kaletra (lopinavir [LPVr]), alone and in combination, on the development of abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolism in HIV negative healthy subjects.

Lactic acidosis is a potentially life-threatening disease associated with the treatment of chronic HIV infection. Although acidosis is rare, hyperlactatemia is common and may have long term consequences yet to be recognized. Lactic acidosis is a manifestation of mitochondrial toxicity; consequences which have yet to be fully recognized and understood. In this study, we propose to look at lactate clearance and production by two methods, in four treatment groups, including HIV positive subjects on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment regimes and without HAART regimes, with liver steatosis and without, and compared with HIV negative controls. Supplementation with cofactors thiamine, niacin and L-carnitine, which may have a positive effect on lactate metabolism by facilitating mitochondrial function, will be studied as well.

The objective of this work is to identify biomarkers of interest in patients with insulin resistance leading to early disorders of glycemic regulation. For this the investigators want to assay the insulin resistance marker Insulin Regulated Amino Peptidase serique (IRAPs), the plasma lipidome and inflammation markers in 2 populations of insulin-resistant subjects due to Dunnigan's inherited lipodystrophy or overweight/obesity and insulin-sensitive subjects with or without a glycemic regulation disorder objectified during an Oral induced hyperglycemia. The results of the IRAPs, lipidome and inflammation assays will be compared in insulin-resistant subjects, between normoglycemic, prediabetic and diabetic subjects. Correlations will be made between these markers and the deterioration of glycemic regulation as well as with known insulin resistance parameters (HOmeostasis Assessment Model (HOMA), Quantitative Insulin-sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI),Insulin Sensitivity Index (Isi) MATSUDA).

This study is being done to better understand why people with HIV who have taken drugs for HIV begin to show abnormal changes in fat loss or fat gain in their bodies. This condition is called lipodystrophy. Patients who take medicine for HIV and who have lipodystrophy report loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the arms, legs, and face and excess fat gain in the neck and truncal region. They also more likely to have problems with insulin in the body, high fat levels in the blood and diabetes. The reason that lipodystrophy develops is not fully understood although some HIV drugs have are very likely the cause. The complications pose an increased risk of fat blockage forming in the arteries making you more at risk for heart problems in the future. Changes in body fat can cause physical discomfort and psychological distress. Management of these problems can be a challenge for the patient's doctor. The investigators propose data collection to determine if there is more than one reason why this might happen in some people and not in others. Laboratory samples being collected: 1) special imaging of the liver; 2) fat collected by needle from the mid thigh and mid-shoulder areas; 3) blood samples to measure the virus, t-cells, fats, and other markers of how the patient's body is handling the virus. This study is being done because science does not fully understand why some patients with HIV who take medicines for the virus have abnormal fat loss or gain and some do not. This research study is intended to help us better understand why and how this happens.

The goal of the study is to combine a collaborative and translational approach to evaluate the effect antiretroviral regimen switch to a dolutegravir containing regimen compared to continued treatment with a non- dolutegravir based regimen on on lipid and metabolic profiles, renal function, body composition, vascular function and diet.