Active clinical trials for "Liver Diseases"

Vegetarian diets have been associated with a reduced risk of preventable diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. These effects may be mediated through direct or indirect pathways. Although the high intakes of nuts, legumes, dietary fibre, whole grains, and unsaturated plant oils have each individually been associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, so too has the displacement of red meats, processed meats, and saturated animal fats. One of the most important considerations in moving from animal-based diets to more plant-based diets is the replacement of animal proteins (e.g. meat, fish, dairy, eggs) with vegetable proteins (e.g. legumes, nuts, and seeds). It is unclear whether this particular replacement alone results in advantages for metabolic and cardiovascular health. To improve evidence-based guidance for dietary guidelines and health claims development, we propose to conduct a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the effect of plant-based protein in exchange for animal protein on blood lipids, glycemic control, blood pressure, body weight, uric acid, markers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and kidney function and injury. The systematic review process allows the combining of the results from many small studies in order to arrive at a pooled estimate, similar to a weighted average, of the true effect. The investigators will be able to explore whether the effects of replacing animal-based protein for plant-based protein hold true across different sexes, age groups, and background disease states and whether the effect depends on the protein source, dose, or background diet. The findings of this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of Canadians through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of heart disease and diabetes.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common complication of end-stage liver disease due to various causes. The initial anti-infective medication is appropriate and the patient's survival rate is closely related. Ascitic fluid bacterial culture takes a long time, the positive rate is low, it is difficult to guide the timely use of antimicrobial drugs, empirical medicine based on evidence-based medicine for SBP in patients with end-stage liver disease is essential. The American College of Hepatology and the European Society of Hepatology recommend the use of third-generation cephalosporins as the first choice of empirical therapy in patients with end-stage liver disease associated with community-acquired SBP. Patients with merger of hospital-acquired SBP with piperacillin / tazobactam or carbapenem +/- glycopeptide antibiotics is the first choice for empirical medication. There is no clear recommendation in China. In recent years, the conclusions of international clinical research in this area have been in disagreement with the recommendations. As a key factor in the selection of empirical antibiotics is local bacterial resistance data, these findings are difficult to evidence-based medicine for Chinese doctors. This project intends to observe the efficacy of different initial anti-infective regimens in Chinese patients with end-stage liver disease with SBP and 30-day and 60-day non-liver transplant survival rates, providing evidence-based medical evidence for the empirical use of such patients.

Copeptin, a surrogate marker for vasopressin, has been found to be elevated in metabolic disorders including obesity and diabetes, which are disorders both associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and therefore suggest a potential role for vasopressin in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The investigators intend to investigate if there is an association of vasopressin with the presence and severity of NAFLD.

Theranostic translation applications against viral, metabolic liver diseases and hepatic oncogenesis: lipoprotein and apolipoproteins at a crossroad

This is prospective cohort study of patients classified by the premedication history of beta-blocker. The investigators aim to evaluate the hemodynamic effect of beta blocker through Swan-Ganz catheter monitoring and arterial pressure waveform analysis during surgery. The investigators also plan to observe the long-term effects of beta blocker on acute renal failure, allograft failure and mortality.

This is a pilot study examining whether an evidence-based recovery support smartphone application, the Addiction Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System (A-CHESS), can decrease alcohol recidivism in a previously unstudied group of patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD).

The term of End Stage of Liver Disease (ESLD) was raised in 80's of 20 Century, but without a restrict definition. Infections are the cause and effect in occurrence and development of ESLD, which not only induce or exacerbate ESLD, but also are the most combined complication. Multi-resistant bacteria, multi-organ injury, selection of anti-microbes, supporting treatment, disorder of intestine microbiota, et al are dilemma in clinical practice. Appropriate and formal diagnosis and treatment of ESLD combined infection are imperious nowadays.

Anemia is the most common complication of liver cirrhosis and is seen in 75% of cases. The etiology of anemia in liver disease is diverse and often multi-factorial. Given the diverse and sometimes multifactorial etiology of cirrhosis, it is difficult to determine the exact cause of anemia in these groups of patients. The most common type of anemia encountered in liver cirrhosis is normocytic normochromic anemia, attributable to the chronic inflammatory state. The key question in management of anemia in patients with liver disease which specific factor needs to be corrected to restore hemoglobin levels and improve overall clinical status and improve severity scores.

Examine the association of chronic liver diseases (including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma) with other systemic diseases by retrospectively analyzing the data from the Hospital Database of Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation.

Patients with end stage liver disease have varying degrees of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) due to the presence of ascites. The perioperative events may either relieve or aggravate the intra-abdominal pressures. Intra-abdominal hypertension has damaging effect on various organ systems. There is an increase in intracranial pressures and a decrease in cerebral perfusion pressures associated with IAH . In the heart, there is an increase of right atrial pressures, increase in systemic vascular resistance and decrease in cardiac output . Pulmonary complications include increase in the peak, mean and plateau airway pressures, with decreased compliance . Renal dysfunction is an early effect of raised intra-abdominal pressure, resulting from decreased renal blood flow, shunting of blood to the medulla, mechanical compression of the kidneys and increased pressures in the renal veins . We would study the intra-abdominal pressures in liver transplant recipients and record hemodynamic, respiratory, cardiac and renal function prospectively. Follow up data for 6 days for neurological, respiratory, cardiac and renal complications will be collected, along with hospital stay, ICU stay and mortality. The association between intra-abdominal pressures and these outcomes will be analysed.