Active clinical trials for "Acute Lung Injury"

The purpose of this study is to compare airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) to conventional mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) to determine if APRV can reduce agitation, delirium, and requirements for sedative medications. We will also compare markers of inflammation in the blood and lung to determine if APRV reduces ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), compared to conventional mechanical ventilation. The proposed study is a randomized, crossover trial. We plan to enroll 40 patients with ALI and randomize to APRV or conventional MV for 24 hours. After this time the patients will be switched to the alternative mode of ventilation (MV or APRV) for another 24 hours. To assess breathing comfort, at the end of each 24-hour period we will measure the amounts of sedative and analgesic medications used. We will also measure the concentrations of markers of inflammation in the blood and lung as measures of VILI. Finally, throughout the study we will compare the adequacy of gas exchange with APRV compared to conventional MV.

In 2008 a new ventilation strategy termed variable Pressure Support ventilation (PSV) was introduced, which is able to increase the variability of the respiratory pattern independent from the inspiratory effort. In experimental lung injury, variable PSV was found to improve gas exchange and decrease the inspiratory effort, while reducing alveolar edema and inflammatory infiltration compared to conventional(non-variable) PSV. Importantly, variable PSV reduced peak airway pressure and respiratory system elastance in a variability dependent manner.In addition, preliminary observations suggest that variable PSV can reduce the work of breathing and improve patient comfort, but it is not known whether this new ventilatory strategy is able to speed the weaning from mechanical ventilation. Since variable PSV can reduce the mean pressure support, it may lead to a faster reduction of pressure support and, therefore, a shorter weaning period than conventional PSV. The hypothesis of this study is that variable pressure support ventilation reduces the duration of mechanical ventilation to non-variable (conventional) pressure support ventilation.

Some patients receiving mechanical ventilation have difficulty weaning off the ventilator because of physiological factors such as pre-existing lung disease, respiratory distress syndrome, and trauma among others. Allowing patients to become hypercarbic (increased blood bicarbonate level) may make it easier for these patients to be taken off the ventilator and resume breathing on their own.

The goal of this observational study is to identify the risk factors for early acute lung injury (ALI) after liver transplantation in children .The main questions it aims to answer are what the risk factors are for early ALI in children and to evaluate the predictive value for the development of ALI.Participants will be divided into non-ALI group and ALI group according to whether they had ALI in a week after liver transplantation.Researchers will compare the difference between the two groups and use multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen the risk factors of ALI, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of risk factors.

The Dressing-ECMO trial is a prospective, open-label, multicenter, controlled trial randomizing patients who received percutaneous ECMO to cannula chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing vs standard dressing. The study goal is to determine if cannula chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings can reduce the number of cannula major-related infections with or without bloodstream infection

The high incidence of barotrauma in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (16.1%, with a mortality rate >60%) provides rationale for considering COVID-19 ARDS a paradigm for lung frailty. The investigators recently discovered that the Macklin effect is an impressive radiological predictor of barotrauma in COVID-19 ARDS. Since lung frailty is a major issue also in non-COVID-19 ARDS (6% barotrauma, with a mortality rate of 46% ) the investigators want to confirm the importance of Macklin effect in non-COVID-19 ARDS. Using artificial intelligence-based approaches the investigators also want to identify imaging biomarkers to non-invasively assess lung frailty in a mixed cohort of COVID-19/non-COVID-19 ARDS patients. Furthermore, the investigators want to prospectively validate these biomarkers in a cohort of ARDS patients. This will provide a therapeutic algorithm for ARDS patients at high-risk for barotrauma, identifying those most likely to benefit from hyper protective strategies.

The goal of this observational study is to identify the association between FSTL1 elevation and acute lung injury (ALI) after pediatric liver transplantation.The main questions it aims to answer what the risk factors are for ALI in children and to evaluate the predictive value for the development of ALI.Participants will be divided into non-ALI group and ALI group according to whether they had ALI in a week after liver transplantation.Researchers will compare the difference between the two groups and use multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen the risk factors of ALI, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of risk factors.

Investigation of the feasibility of monitoring processed transcutaneous electroencephalography (EEG), a method of interpreting brain activity, and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a method of determining levels of tissue oxygenation (StO2) in the brain, for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the ICU.

• Check the efficacy, safety and tolerability of the compound Modified isothymol against the SARS-CoV-2 agent in patients COVID-19.

The purpose of this study is to determine the efects of prone positioning on the recruitment- to-inflation ratio in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.