Active clinical trials for "Mental Disorders"

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cognitive processes of participants with schizophrenia, participants with nervous system and mental disorders, and healthy volunteers. Participants in this study will undergo cognitive tests of attention, memory, attention. Participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) will be compared with participants with schizophrenia. A group of healthy adults and children will undergo cognitive tests to further delineate the degree of impairment in schizophrenia and neurological disorder participants.

The objectives of this study are: Firstly, to investigate the association between psychiatric disorders and functional somatic disorder (FSD). Secondly, to investigate whether psychiatric disorders are risk factors for newly developed (incident) FSD after a 5-year follow-up period.

Researchers of the three collaborating universities implement a pilot observational study in "Gilgel Gibe Field Research Center", a health and demographic surveillance system run by the Jimma University, Ethiopia. In this setting, the investigators plan to study risk factors in young men for the development of common mental disorders and psychotic symptoms and the stability of distinct symptoms of mental disorders in the community. The investigators will explore in particular the impact of lifestyle on mental health in young men, including the traditional habit of chewing khat leaves, which contain amphetamine-like cathinone. Furthermore, the investigators want to demonstrate the reliability and validity of assessments performed by trained local interviewers.

The aim is to study the impact on patients and health care by an adaption of the Hamilton Family Health Team model of shared care between general practitioners (GPs), mental health services and other primary or specialized services. The study is done at six GP centers with 30 GPs in three boroughs in Oslo, Norway. At each GP center with shared care one clinical psychologist from a CMHC works two and a half day a week and a psychiatrist 1-2 hours a week. They are available for the GPs for discussions, and they give assessment and brief treatment as requested by the GPs. Other primary health and social care and other specialized mental health or substance addiction services are consulted according to needs of the patients. The study is a cluster randomized controlled study of GP patients and their health care in GP centers with shared care (experimental group) compared with usual health care in other GP centers (control group). In each of three boroughs one GP center is randomized to shared care for 18 months while another center continues with usual health care. Register data on patients and services are extracted for 12 months (T0) before implementation of shared care and for 12 months (T1) with shared care after 6 months implementation. The register data on patients and health care are extracted from the GP patient records, mental health and substance abuse services, and NAV (social/welfare services). The cohorts at T0 and T2 include all patients 16-65 years old seen by the GPs. Patient-reported mental health, functional impairment due to health problems, overall quality of life and satisfaction with health services are studied for a sub-sample of the register cohort at both T0 and T1. A qualitative sub-study of experiences with collaboration, the shared care model, implementation of the model, facilitators and barriers is done at the end of the 18 months period of shared care. The informants include patients, GPs and coworkers, and managers and professionals involved with shared care. The study protocol was approved by the regional and national committees on medical and health research, as well as by the data protection officer at health trust. Progress and status are described in Detailed description. Data analysis starts in September 2018.

The purpose of this study is the development of, and two stages of pilot testing of, a tool designed to assess frailty in older adults with a diagnosis of a functional mental illness. During the tool's development stage, participants' input, ideas and feedback will be sought to inform the tool's design. In the first pilot test the comprehensibility, acceptability and feasibility of the tool will be established. The tool will be amended based on information gained in the first pilot test. In the second pilot test the comprehensibility, acceptability and feasibility of the revised tool will be established. Reliability of the tool will be explored and preliminary examinations of both the interpretability and construct validity of the tool will be completed.

Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is characterized by nocturnal violence, increased muscle tone during REM sleep and the lack of any other neurological disease. However, iRBD can precede parkinsonism and dementia by several years. The causes of the loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep in these patients are unclear. Using 3 T MRI and neuromelanin- sensitive sequences, the signal intensity was previously found to be reduce in the locus coeruleus/subcoeruleus area of patients with Parkinson's disease and RBD. Here, the investigators aimed at studying the integrity of the locus coeruleus/ subcoeruleus complex with neuromelanin-sensitive imaging in 21 patients with iRBD and compared the results with those from 21 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. All subjects will undergo a clinical examination, motor, cognitive, autonomous, psychological, olfactory and color vision tests, and rapid eye movement sleep characterization using video-polysomnography and 3 T magnetic resonance imaging.

The study aims to evaluate psychiatric disorders and clinical features of children with psychogenic cough. Psychiatric disorders are assessed via a semi-structured interview (Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia) and clinical features are investigated via sociodemographic form, which was developped by researchers. Investigator planned to compare psychiatric diagnoses, specifically anxiety and depression, with children referred to pediatric clinics.

People with mental disorders often suffer from self-stigmatization. Self-stigma is associated with several negative outcomes such as low quality of life, lower rates of help-seeking as well as poorer treatment adherence. However, a lot of questionnaires only focus on specific mental disorders. There is no valid measurement which can be used for all kinds of mental disorders. Furthermore, much less is known about self-stigma in people with organic diseases. Only little attention has been given to those who may experience self-stigma because of their physical condition. A main reason for this may be the lack of a valid measurement of self-stigma among people with physical health issues. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop and validate a self-report scale which is capable to do both - measuring self-stigma among people with all mental disorders and among people with physical health issues.

Understanding long-term complications after intensive care is important to be able to offer prophylactic and therapeutic measures to post-intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Since patients in the ICU experience life threatening conditions, severe psychological and physical stress, we hypothesized that patients after ICU have an increased risk of mental illnesses specifically anxiety disorders, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Moreover, we hypothesized that the prevalence and severity of mental illnesses are related to the extent of intensive care. Our endpoints are the prevalence of anxiety disorders, depression one year after ICU-care and if the extent of intensive care an independent predictor of psychiatric illness one year after ICU admission. We will assess Swedish Intensive Care registry data for all adult ICU patients admitted between 2010-2015 and assess ICD-10 codes for anxiety disorders, depression and PTSD one year after ICU admission.

During the 1990s, evidence began to emerge of the long duration of untreated illness prior to receiving treatment for patients with psychotic disorders. Studies across the world on first episode psychosis have consistently found an average of 1 - 2 years between the onset of psychotic symptoms and the start of treatment. Lengthy treatment delay has immediate implications such as unnecessary distress for patients and families, and may also compromise potential recovery when treatment is initiated.By understanding how and why substantial delays occur the investigators may be able to better design interventions to facilitate better earlier treatment. The components of DUP can be conceptualised as comprising 3 distinct intervals: help-seeking delay, referral delay and delay in mental health services. In this study the primary aim is to establish the level of DUP in nordland, and explore the components of this variable. Help-seeking delay will be investigated by interviewing patients presenting at the central mental health hospital in Nordland about their psychosis onset and pathways to care. Referral delay will be investigated by a questionnaire about the referral pratices among GPs in Nordland. Delays in mental health services will be investigated by focus group interviews with leaders and professionals at the 7 community mental health centers in Nordland. This knowledge is believed to be crucial for developing services that can reduce DUP and give this patient population earlier access to adequate treatment.