Active clinical trials for "Metabolic Syndrome"

Building on the findings from the investigators previous study, COMIT I, the purpose of the COMIT II study is to supplement the DEXA measurement of body composition with a supplementary DEXA measurement of visceral adipose tissue and to specifically target the impact of oleic acid consumption on body composition as the primary objective. COMIT II also will include analysis of fatty acid ethanolamines (FAEs) and their precursors to elucidate the mechanisms by which canola oil may be modifying body composition, measurement of endothelial function, inflammatory, adiposity and insulin sensitivity biomarkers, and genetic analyses.

People with cardiovascular risk (CV) factors (obesity, diabetes, etc...) or established heart disease (such as coronary heart disease or chronic heart failure) often have cognitive dysfunction as compared to people without CV risk factors or heart disease. Among the mechanisms, a reduced cardiac output and cerebral blood flow in those people have been suggested. The aim of this study was to compare resting cognitive function, maximal cardiopulmonary function, cardiac output and cerebral hemodynamics during exercise in patients with metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease, or heart failure vs. healthy subjects.

The most important objective of this randomized controlled trial in subjects with increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors is to investigate whether only reduced daily sitting improves human cardiovascular and metabolic health during a six-month intervention. It is hypothesized and expected that only reduced sitting, without formal physical activity or exercise training, affects favorably cardiovascular and metabolic health.

Oleanolic acid (OA), a triterpene that is highly present in olive leaves, has been proposed as component of functional foods in the prevention of metabolic syndrome due to its anti-inflammatory activity. In this research project we will study the presence of OA in postprandial TRL in healthy adolescents and in normal weight. Moreover, THP-1 macrophages will be incubated with LPS for 48h after pretreatment with OA at different concentrations. Also, TRL will be isolated from healthy adolescents before and 2 and 5h postprandially after the intake of a meal containing the functional olive oil or common olive oil and incubated with THP-1 macrophages.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a prolonged (9 month) high (6g/d) of marine oil improves insulin sensitivity and glucose control in subjects with impaired glucose regulation.

To characterize features of metabolic syndrome in volunteers. To undertake a randomised trial to determine whether treatment with a statin improves muscle microvascular blood flow.

Cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated diseases combined are the leading health burden and cause of mortality worldwide; therefore, the necessity for an intervention is paramount. Dietary interventions to improve cardiometabolic health are highly sought after as they possess less risk than pharmacological drugs. Anthocyanins, found in high quantities in both tart cherries and blueberries are powerful antioxidants, that are potentially capable of improving cardiometabolic dysfunction. However, to date, no research has explored the cardiometabolic responses to tart cherry and blueberry supplementation. Therefore, the primary purpose of the proposed investigation is to test the ability of oral tart cherry and blueberry supplementation to improve cardiometabolic parameters in healthy individuals.

Subjects with metabolic syndrome are known to possess chronic low-level inflammation. Furthermore, such individuals are at risk of developing atherosclerosis in coronary and other vascular beds. In particular, subjects with metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and type II diabetes mellitus were shown to possess vascular inflammation in carotid atherosclerosis as demonstrated using FDG-PET. In the current pilot proposal, the investigators wish to study the impact of 3-month probiotic supplementation on vascular and systemic inflammation in subjects with metabolic syndrome in the context of a randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot trial.

The purpose of this study is to identify early cardiovascular disease risk factors in those with "normal-weight obesity" (i.e., normal body, but high body fat percentage) that better track with their long-term cardiovascular disease risk.

Summary. Theoretical Rationale: The left ventricular myocardial performance results from a complex interplay between linear deformations (longitudinal, circumferential and radial) and twist/ untwist mechanics. These components of myocardial mechanics can be assessed, at rest and during stress conditions, by high resolution echocardiography using the "2D-strain" technology and constitute good indexes of tissue intrinsic contractility / relaxation properties. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) are associated with an increased risk for cardiac diseases. While several clinical studies have reported, particularly in T2DM, a diastolic dysfunction (concept of "diabetic cardiomyopathy"), the existence of impaired regional myocardial function, with altered intrinsic contractility properties, remains largely unanswered, especially in the SM. Stress echocardiography is very interesting to reveal myocardial dysfunction, discrete or absent at rest. To the best of our knowledge, no scientific study is, however, today available on the kinetics of linear strains and twist/untwist dynamics in response to stress in T2DM as well as SM. The epicardial adipose tissue is the source of production of important pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the potential, through an exacerbation of oxidative stress, to impair coronary endothelial function, increase fibrosis, but also directly affect cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis. An increase in epicardial adipose tissue is consensually reported in T2DM and SM and is clearly associated with coronary atherosclerosis. A link between cardiac adiposity and overall cardiac function, particularly diastolic, is now suggested but to our knowledge no study has challenged its association with myocardial dysfunction in T2DM as SM patients. Objectives and Methodology: - To investigate regional myocardial linear deformations and torsion, at rest and in response to a dobutamine stress, in asymptomatic T2DM and SM patients without clinical complications, - to study the links between expected regional myocardial abnormalities and inflammation, hyperglycemia and cardiac adiposity. A control group of healthy individuals matched for sex and age will also be included. All the subjects will benefit from a clinical, anthropometric and biological evaluation. In addition, conventional echocardiography (remodelling and global diastolic and systolic functions) complemented by a functional analysis by tissue Doppler imaging will be performed. Furthermore, 2D cine loops will be recorded in the apical 4, 3 and 2- chamber views for the objective assessment of myocardial longitudinal deformations as well as in the parasternal short axis (base and apex) for the evaluation of the circumferential deformations and basal and apical rotations and left ventricular torsion, at rest and under low dose of dobutamine (110 and 120 bpm).