Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

This protocol describes a study to validate Neurotrack's visual paired comparison task, aimed at early detection and monitoring of memory impairment. The investigators will determine whether the novel task developed by Neurotrack is associated with markers of brain pathology associated with very early Alzheimer's disease. The elderly subjects studied will be cognitively normal (CN) or have amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). For the current study, the primary brain pathology parameters will be derived from MRI scans. Data from this study will be correlated with data from a parallel study designed to validate a larger group of new cognitive tasks by correlating test performance with a broader array of biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

The purpose of this study is to study the impact of blood pressure on cognitive performance.

Cognitive impairment, commonly reported as difficulty with memory and executive function, is a widely recognized clinical challenge for older persons with heart failure (HF). Little is known about the relationship between brain MRI and cognitive impairment in older persons with HF. A limited number of studies have investigated brain MRI in adults with HF and produced conflicting results. Previous findings are limited by use of lower resolution scanners (1.5 Tesla), lack of MRI techniques (i.e. combining structural sequences with perfusion sequences) and recruitment of mixed age samples. Based on these limitations, the purpose of this research plan is to explore the relationship between brain MRI and cognitive impairment in older persons with HF using high resolution structural and perfusion scans. To accomplish this goal, investigators will compare 40 adults with HF who are age > 65 years old with 40 healthy, gender, age, and education matched controls. Investigators will obtain neuropsychological measures of multiple domains, as well as MRI measurements of the temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex at baseline and 12-months.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether simple, evidence-based clinical screening be quickly and feasibly implemented (>85% of patients in an average of <6 minutes) in large-volume urgent transient ischemic attack (TIA)/stroke clinics to identify individuals at high risk for the three most common and devastating post-stroke co-morbidities (depression, obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive disorders).

The Virtual Physiological Human: DementiA Research Enabled by IT (VPH-DARE@IT) is a four-year IT-project funded through the European Union (EU). The project consortium involves a total of 21 universities and industrial partners from 10 European countries. The project delivers the first patient-specific predictive models for early differential diagnosis of dementia and their evolution. An integrated clinical decision support platform will be validated / tested by access to a dozen databases of international cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. As a part of the VPH-DARE@IT project, a new prospective cohort will be collected in Kuopio. This prospective cohort will be used to test further the modeling approaches and tools developed by using the retrospective databases.

One important issue in older adults with cognitive problems is the higher risk of fall due to decreased motor function and balance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the repercussions of mild cognitive impairment in balance in elderly.

19% of Wales' population speaks Welsh. Under the Welsh Language Act 1993, every public body providing services to the public in Wales has to prepare a scheme setting out how it will provide those services in Welsh. Diagnosing dementia requires a comprehensive assessment, an essential component of which is a cognitive assessment tool, which takes the form of a questionnaire. In clinical practice, this is currently only available through the medium of English. The investigators objective is to measure the difference between Cognitive Assessment scores (using the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA)), when done in English and Welsh, in those who are cognitively impaired and whose first language is Welsh. The investigators predict that there will be a significant difference in scores in favour of the Welsh-medium tests, thus proving that the current mode of administering the test is prejudiced against patients whose first language is Welsh. If the investigators predictions are correct, then the investigators would seek to introduce a validated Welsh-language cognitive assessment tool to the domain of the Welsh NHS.

To study on the Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: Correlations With the Gene Polymorphism and the Concentrations of Plasma Homocysteine, Folic Acid and Vitamin B12. To explore whether the gene polymorphism and the concentrations of plasma homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B12 could be used as predictor(s) of POCD and to provide reference for POCD prevention, early detection and timely diagnosis and treatment.

Dementia is one of the main chronic non-communicable diseases associated with disability, institutionalization, and mortality among elderly individuals. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) are considered to be the main types of dementia. A widely shared view is that future treatment strategies need to focus on treatment of the earliest stages of the disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) constitutes an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. Vascular cognitive disorders (VCD) is an umbrella term representing a wide spectrum of cognitive disorder evoked by or associated with vascular causes. It encompasses patients suffering from a range of types of cognitive impairment, from mild impairment to VD. VCD predementia (VCD-P) is at the same stage of MCI. Amnestic MCI (aMCI) is a subtype of MCI, which is also considered to be the clinical transition stage between normal aging and AD, and has been applied to detect the emerging dementia. In VCD, infarcts or profuse white matter disease are considered the cause of cognitive decline. By contrast, AD is one of the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorders thought to be caused by amyloid aggregation and the formation of tau tangles. Both VCD-P and aMCI have a deficit in cognitive domains, and may have the same chief complaints of memory deficit. If it can be clear which will turn into what type of dementia in patients with cognitive impairment stage, it can not only make us more early intervention treatment to the patients, but also can save a lot of social resources and economic costs in clinic. By applying the resting state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) multimodal magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, the project comprehensive analysis comparison of neurodegenerative and blood vessels of brain function in patients with mild cognitive impairment and structural abnormalities connection mode. This project in order to reveal the cognitive impairment disease neural circuits in the development of the network connection and its change rule. People can further understand the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment, discover new will provide a scientific basis for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Motor slowing and cognitive slowing are more prevalent as we age. Importantly, the presence of both in an older person increases their risk of having dementia by ten times. Currently, there are no clinically meaningful predictors of progression to dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The main hypothesis is that subtle variations in gait while performing a simple cognitive task is a reliable, easy to perform, and feasible methodology to detect those older adults at higher risk of progression to dementia and also, at higher risk of further mobility decline and falls. Rationale. The Canadian population is aging. According to recent estimates, the proportion of the population aged 65 and older will increase rapidly from 13% in 2005 to 25% by 2031. This increase in proportion is accompanied by a considerable amount of disability and subsequent dependency which has major effects on both the quality of life of older adults and their caregivers, and on the Canadian health care system. An important goal of geriatric medicine is to reduce the gap between life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy by reducing disability and dependency in the later years of life. A substantial portion of this disability stems from two major geriatric syndromes: cognitive impairment and mobility limitation. The ultimate manifestations of these syndromes are dementia and falls. Interestingly, these manifestations often coexist in elderly people: falling is a common geriatric syndrome affecting about a third of older adults each year, and dementia affects about a third of Canadians aged 80 and over. Together, dementia and falls are responsible for much of the discomfort, disability, and health care utilization in older adults and each will become more prevalent as older Canadians are expected to number approximately $9 million by 2031. The combined direct cost of dementia and falls for the Canadian Health System is over $4.9 billion per year. Establishing reliable and easy to obtain predictors to accurately identify MCI patients at highest risk of progressing to dementia is essential first, to determine who will benefit from additional and/or invasive testing and second, to implement preventative strategies, including cognitive training, physical exercises, and aggressive vascular risk factors correction to delay progression. Even a modest one-year delay in dementia incidence could save Canada $109 billion over 30 years.