Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

Immigrants from South Asia in Norway have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and conditions related to the metabolic syndrome. It has been documented that these conditions may be prevented by changes in lifestyle. No previous intervention studies on immigrants with focus on diet and physical activity have been carried out in Norway. This project concerns a randomized controlled trial with intervention to change diet and physical activity in 200 high risk female Pakistani immigrants living in Oslo. The intervention will be evaluated both in terms of outcome and process.

Background: Treatment targets for cardiac risk factor reduction are not being met. Therefore, there is a need for new strategies to assist patients in meeting these goals. Objective: To determine the amount of any additional benefit on risk factor reduction associated with the consumption of the "dietary portfolio" (a low fat diet with soy, nuts and viscous fibres), above that achieved with medical management in diabetic patients following cardiac surgery. Description: 35 cardiac surgery patients with diabetes will be instructed on how to incorporate the dietary portfolio foods into their diet for four weeks. Changes in blood cholesterol, markers of inflammation, blood sugar control and modifiable risk factors will be assessed after 2 and 4 weeks of therapy. Relevance: Maximizing cardiac risk factor reduction through a combined approach (dietary plus medication) should improve outcomes, reduce rates of re-hospitalization and improve quality of life in diabetic patients after heart surgery.

The purpose of this research collaboration between Dr. William Tamborlane, Deputy Directory of the Yale Center for Clinical Investigation (YCCI) and Fair Haven Community Health Center's (FHCHC) Diabetes Prevention Team is to determine the efficacy of an intensive life-style intervention (ILI) program that has been developed and implemented at the FHCHC to prevent the development of diabetes.

The primary objective of the study is to demonstrate superiority of rimonabant/metformin combinations in Glycosylated Hemoglobin 1c (A1C) reduction over the corresponding single agent metformin and over rimonabant alone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at 9 months. The secondary objective is to investigate the effects of rimonabant/metformin combinations for reducing fasted plasma glucose, body weight and triglycerides, and raising High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) in comparison with metformin at 9 months. Another objective is to evaluate the safety of rimonabant in combination with metformin over a period of up to 52 weeks.

The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin on the incretin effect in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether or not a traditional First Nations diet (high protein) and/or a dietary intervention based upon current Canadian dietary recommendations (high carbohydrate/high fiber) effects risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or cardiovascular disease in a remote fly in First Nations community (Sandy Lake First Nation). This pilot has been developed in conjunction with Sandy Lake First Nation to answer the research question: Will a traditional diet or a diet based upon current Canadian dietary recommendations result in decreasing risk for type 2 diabetes in Sandy Lake?

Diabetes affects almost 21 million people in the United States. In this study we will test a drug called Pramlintide(Symlin), and see how it works to lower blood sugar and fat levels after a meal. Lowering high sugar levels and fat levels after a meal is very important in the prevention of the problems that persons with type 2 diabetes often encounter. Hypothesis is that Pramlintide will lower blood sugar and fat levels after a meal.

Pt. 1 Diabetic retinopathy is a common eye condition among diabetic adults and can lead to severe vision impairment and even blindness. African Americans are more likely to have vision loss from diabetic retinopathy due to a variety of factors, including cultural barriers to care. The investigators aim to increase the rates of eye exams in diabetic African American adults by providing culturally relevant home-based interventions. These interventions will increase the knowledge about diabetes and the eyes and the awareness of ocular risks due to diabetes. 206 African American adults, over the age of 65, with diabetes will be recruited from primary care clinics at Thomas Jefferson and Temple University. Eligible patients who consent to participate will have baseline information taken about medical and ocular history, understanding of diabetes and a hemoglobin A1C level obtained. The subjects will then be randomized to one of two treatment conditions: Behavioral Activation or Supportive Therapy, each of which will be delivered over 4 sessions. Behavioral Activation will consist of educational materials, referral assistance for eye clinics, and addressing patient specific barriers to care. Supportive Therapy will consist of supportive but non-directional interaction with the patient exploring the impact of aging and diabetes on the patient's life. The investigators hypothesize that more patients who receive Behavioral Activation will have a dilated fundus exam (the primary outcome variable), understand the risks of diabetic complications and feel less depression then subjects who receive Supportive Therapy.

Since diabetic platelets are characterized by an enhanced turnover rate, it may be hypothesized that an increase in the frequency, rather than the dose, of drug administration may be a more effective strategy to inhibit platelet reactivity in diabetic patients as this may enable COX-1 blockade of newly generated platelets. However, how different dosing regimens impact the pharmacodynamic effects of aspirin selectively in diabetes mellitus has been poorly explored. Therefore, the aim of the present pilot investigation was to evaluate how increasing the frequency of aspirin administration, remaining within the daily recommended therapeutic doses, affects antiplatelet responsiveness in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.

The purpose of this 13 month study (12 month treatment period and 1 month follow-up period) is to determine whether inhaled insulin is safe and effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.