Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the change in insulin sensitivity and secretion indices (early markers for development of diabetes) after 4 weeks of a megadose of Vitamin D. This will also help to calculate sample size for and choose an appropriate index for a larger randomized control trial which may be required subsequently.

This is to study the effect of replacing testosterone on different inflammatory cells in type 2 diabetics with low testosterone levels.

GW823093 is a selective DPP-IV Inhibitor and is being investigated as a once a day oral therapy. The purpose of the Study is to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of 2 doses of GW823093, compared to placebo, taken once daily in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The association of alcohol consumption with cardiovascular disease is mediated by a functional polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase 1c, but the effect of this polymorphism on alcohol metabolism is only investigated in vitro. The risk reduction of moderate alcohol consumption for cardiovascular disease is explained largely by an increase of HDL cholesterol, but an increase of adiponectin concentrations after moderate alcohol consumption may also be involved. It seems likely that adiponectin is a mediator for the association of moderate alcohol consumption with type 2 diabetes. The mechanism by which moderate alcohol consumption increases adiponectin concentrations is unknown, but ppar-gamma activation may be involved. effects of this polymorphism on mediators of this relation are not known. This study therefore investigates the effect of moderate alcohol consumption and the influence of alcohol dehydrogenase 1c polymorphism on ppar-gamma activated gene expression and risk factors of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

To evaluate the effect of a 3-year diet- and exercise lifestyle intervention, based on general public health recommendations, on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors in Dutch subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

The purpose of this study is to assess the sustainability of a two-year intervention aimed at improving body mass index (BMI) and metabolic and vascular health in obese youth. The study will compare lifestyle changes with diet and exercise alone with changes in lifestyle in combination with metformin medication. An initial intensive exercise program will also be compared with a standard exercise program. Hypothesis: Metformin therapy in combination with intensive lifestyle intervention in obese children and adolescents will be associated with reduced rate of weight gain, improved BMI, body composition, physical activity, physical fitness, insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profiles, adipocytokines and vascular function.

The investigators wish to determine whether a short period of exercise training (5-10 days) improves the metabolic and cardiovascular response of people with or at risk of developing type 2 diabetes to eating a meal. In healthy people, blood flow to skeletal muscles increases after eating a meal, and this helps to regulate blood sugar levels by delivering blood sugar to muscles where it can be stored or metabolized. In people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes, blood flow does not increase as much after eating a meal, and this may contribute to elevated blood sugar concentrations observed in these individuals. The investigators wish to determine whether exercise can improve this response.

The overaccumulation of apoB-48-containing lipoproteins of intestinal origin seen in patients with type 2 diabetes are now thought to be attributable to elevated intestinal production and reduced clearance. Substantial evidence exists indicating that elevated plasma levels of these lipoproteins are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Therefore, reduction of atherogenic plasma triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) levels of intestinal origin appears to be crucial to improve CVD risk associated with type 2 diabetes. In this regard, n-3 PUFAs have been shown to exert beneficial effects on diabetic dyslipidemia. However, the investigators understanding of the physiological changes that occur with n-3 PUFA supplementation is suboptimal, thereby limiting the investigators appreciation of its impact on CVD risk associated with type 2 diabetes. The effects of n-3 PUFAs on the intestinal production of TRLs and the expression of genes regulating intestinal lipid absorption and chylomicron synthesis have not yet been examined in humans. The general objective of the proposed research is to investigate the mechanisms by which n-3 PUFAs beneficially modify intestinal lipoprotein metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. The investigators hypothesize that n-3 PUFA supplementation in men with type 2 diabetes will: reduce TRL apoB-48 production rate and increase fractional catabolic rate of these lipoproteins, decrease the expression of genes that regulate intestinal lipid absorption and synthesis as well as synthesis of apoB-48-containing lipoproteins, decrease both plasma surrogates of cholesterol absorption and cholesterol synthesis.

The investigators are conducting an intervention study to examine the effects of a 16-week exercise and diet interventions on prevention of disease, specifically type 2 diabetes and heart disease, in African American youth. Sixty overweight African American boys and girls will be recruited and placed in one of the following intervention groups: 1) Control Group (delayed intervention), 2) Dietary Education Group (nutrition education focused on reducing sugar & soda, increased fiber & whole grain intake), or 3) Combination of Strength Training (twice/week for 60 min, progressive increases in exercise volume and intensity) + Dietary Education (nutrition education focused on reducing sugar & soda, increased fiber & whole grain intake). The investigators will assess which intervention group has the most effects on health parameters such as weight, body composition, and insulin related measures.

This is a study in diabetic patients with at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor and normoalbuminuria prior to randomization.