Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis"

The objective of this randomized, controlled trial is to determine if adding a protein-calorie supplement (PCS) to the standard treatments for tuberculosis (TB) and HIV will improve health outcomes. The investigators will enroll 180 HIV-positive women with newly diagnosed active TB and without prior anti-retroviral therapy (ART). At baseline, the investigators will conduct dietary interviews, measure body composition, randomize subjects to receive a PCS (plus micronutritional supplements [MNS]) or control (MNS only) for the 6-month duration of anti-TB therapy (ATT) plus an additional 2 mos (8 mos total). Subjects will be followed monthly and have CD4 counts at baseline, 2, 8 and 12 months. At 2 months (i.e., at the end of the 4 drug intensive phase of TB treatment and start of the 2 drug continuation phase), all subjects will be started on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) based on Tanzanian Ministry of Health guidelines (currently: AZT/3TC/efavirenz). The primary endpoint will be change in CD4 count after 8 months (i.e., at end of PCS/MNS intervention and 2 months after completion of ATT).

The trial will evaluate the extended bactericidal activity of 14 consecutive days of oral administration of TMC207 plus PA-824 plus Pyrazinamide plus Clofazimine, TMC207 plus PA-824 plus Pyrazinamide, TMC207 plus PA-824 plus Clofazimine alone, TMC207 plus Pyrazinamide plus Clofazimine, Pyrazinamide alone, Clofazimine alone, and standard first line TB treatment as per South African TB Guidelines (Rifafour e-275) as determined by the rate of change of log CFU per ml sputum over the time period Day 0-14 in participants with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). A control group will receive standard treatment.

There is some evidence that supplemental Vitamin D may contribute to quicker recovery from TB when given in addition to normal TB therapy. This needs to be proven with a controlled clinical trial. People receiving Vitamin D with anti TB therapy will be compared against people receiving anti TB therapy alone to see if vitamin D contributes to a quicker recovery (as shown by a quicker sputum culture conversion).

OBJECTIVES: I. Evaluate whether thalidomide modulates toxic host inflammatory responses in patients receiving antitubercular therapy. II. Evaluate whether thalidomide modifies tumor necrosis factor-mediated toxic symptoms of HIV and mycobacterial infections, and limits progression of HIV immunodeficiency. III. Evaluate whether thalidomide stimulates immunity in patients with HIV and/or mycobacterial infections.

The overall aim of the mPATCH-TB Study is to identify potentially cost-effective, feasible and scalable interventions that could increase rates of completion of screening for tuberculosis and HIV among male partners of women attending primary health care in Blantyre, Malawi. Eligible women who consent to participate - and who have a primary male partner with cough at home -will be randomly allocated, by day of clinic attendance, into a standard of care group or one of up to four intervention groups. They will be asked to identify their primary male partner and will be offered interventions according to their allocated group. The primary outcome will compare the proportion of primary male partner that complete TB screening (defined as receipt of result of a sputum Xpert or smear result) within 14 days of recruitment in each intervention group compared to the enhanced standard of care group.

The study hypothesis is that type 2 diabetics have abnormal cell-mediated immunity to tuberculosis manifesting as altered cytokine responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This hypothesis will be tested using the live tuberculosis vaccine, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), in U.S.-born type 2 diabetics and nondiabetics. The investigators will control for potential confounding by age, sex, race, comorbidities, and select medications. Expression of key cytokines will be measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction.

TB040 is a clinical trial to investigate and compare the effects of a candidate Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, MVA85A, administered by the aerosol inhaled route and the intramuscular route in healthy adult volunteers who are latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Primary objective of the trial is to study the safety and tolerability of the Recombinant tuberculosis allergen in standard dilution in healthy volunteers after a single dose. Additional trial purpose: evaluation of the product reactogenicity.

The purpose of this pilot study is to determine whether regularly scheduled medication reminder text messages (SMS) are effective in increasing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment completion.

70 subjects received BCG intradermally at Study Day -42, then at Study Day 0 were randomized to receive AERAS-404 50 mcg H4/500 nmol IC31 intramuscularly as a 3-dose (N=30) or 2-dose (N=30) regimen, or placebo (N=10). Subjects were vaccinated on Study Days 0, 56, and 231, and followed through Study Day 259.