Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms, Second Primary"

Brain metastases (BM) are the most prevalent tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), with a ratio of 10: 1 in relation to primary tumors. In prospective studies, whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) reduced the risk of local recurrence after resection of brain metastases from 46-59% to 10-28%. Furthermore, WBRT reduces the incidence of new metastases and death from disease, but no apparent improvement in overall survival (OS). Due to the potential neurocognitive effects associated with WBRT compared to isolated focal approach, several authors have suggested delaying WBRT and perform focal adjuvant RT after resection of isolated BM. In this context, intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in the cavity after resection of BM may be an appealing option. The primary objectives of this study are to evaluate local control (LC) and the control of brain disease (LC associated with the absence of new distant BM) after IORT for one completely resected supratentorial BM in the presence of up to 10 lesions suggestive of BM.

Background: - MAGE-A3/12 is a type of protein commonly found on certain types of cancer cells, particularly in metastatic cancer. Researchers have developed a process to take lymphocytes (white blood cells) from cancer patients, modify them in the laboratory to target cancer cells that contain MAGE-A3/12, and return them to the patient to help attack and kill the cancer cells. These modified white blood cells are an experimental treatment, but researchers are interested in determining their safety and effectiveness as a possible treatment for cancers that involve MAGE-A3/12. Objectives: - To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of anti-MAGE-A3/12 lymphocytes as a treatment for metastatic cancers that have not responded to standard treatment. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with metastatic melanoma, renal cell cancer, or another type of metastatic cancer that has not responded to standard treatment. Design: Participants will be screened with a full medical history and physical examination, as well as blood and urine tests, tumor samples, and imaging studies. Participants will have leukapheresis to collect enough white blood cells for modification in the laboratory. Seven days before the start of anti-MAGE-A3/12 treatment, participants will have chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine to suppress the immune system in preparation for the treatment. After the last dose of chemotherapy, participants will receive the anti-MAGE-A3/12 cells as an infusion for 20 to 30 minutes, followed by a dose of interleukin-2 to keep the anti-MAGE-A3/12 cells alive and active as long as possible. Participants will also receive filgrastim to encourage the production of blood cells. Participants will remain in the hospital to be monitored for possible side effects, and after release from the hospital will have regular followup exams with blood samples and imaging studies to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment....

This prospective, multicenter study is intended to establish the efficacy and toxicity of treating unresectable colorectal liver metastases with accurately administered radiation using the CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery system.

Because electrochemotherapy is a quick and effective treatment for cutaneous metastases, a novel electrode device has been developed for treatment in soft tissue such as the brain. Up to 18 patients will be treated in this phase I dose-escalating study of electrochemotherapy for brain metastases. Primary endpoint of the clinical trial is safety and secondary endpoint is efficacy. One brain metastasis is treated once-only with the electrode device guided stereotactically through a burr hole using CT monitoring. The patient will be fully anesthetized during the treatment procedure. Patients are followed up for 6 months with regard to neurological function, Barthel Index, steroid use and adverse effects registration (CTCAE). Tumor response will be evaluated by Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI).

This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of MCS110 in patients with prostate cancer and bone metastases

Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein present mostly in cancer cells. An experimental procedure developed for treating patients with cancer uses blood cells found in their tumors or bloodstream. These cells are genetically modified using the anti-CEA gene and a type of virus. The modified cells (anti-CEA cells) are grown in the laboratory and then given back to the patient to try to decrease the size of the tumors. This is called gene therapy. Objectives: To determine whether advanced cancers that that express the CEA antigen can be treated effectively with lymphocytes (white blood cells) that have been genetically engineered to contain an anti-CEA protein. Eligibility: Patients 18 years of age and older with metastatic cancer (cancer that has spread beyond the original site) and for whom standard treatments are not effective. Patients' tumors express the CEA antigen. Patients have the human leukocyte (HLA-A*0201) antigen. Design: Workup with scans, x-rays and other tests. Leukapheresis to obtain cells for preparing the anti-CEA cells for later infusion. 1 week of chemotherapy to prepare the immune system for receiving the anti-CEA cells. Infusion of anti-CEA cells, followed by interleukin-2 (IL-2) treatment. The cells are given as an infusion through a vein. IL-2 is given as a 15-minute infusion through a vein every 8 hours for a maximum of 15 doses. 1-2 weeks of recovery from the effects of chemotherapy and IL-2. Periodic follow-up clinic visits after hospital discharge for physical examination, review of treatment side effects, laboratory tests and scans every 1 to 6 months.

Background: -This study uses an experimental cancer treatment that uses the patient s own lymphocytes (type of white blood cell), which are specially selected and genetically modified to target and destroy their tumor. Objectives: -To test the safety of the treatment and determine if it can cause the patient s tumor to shrink. Eligibility: Patients greater than 18 years and less than or equal to 66 years of age whose cancer has spread beyond the original site and does not respond to standard treatment. Patients have tissue type human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201. Patients cancer cells have the ESO-1 gene. Design: Workup: Patients have scans, x-rays, laboratory tests, and other tests as needed. Patients have leukapheresis to collect cells for laboratory treatment and later reinfusion. For this procedure, whole blood is collected thorough a tube in a vein, the desired cells are extracted from the blood, and the rest of the blood is returned to the patient. Chemotherapy: Patients have low-dose chemotherapy for 1 week to prepare the immune system to receive the treated lymphocytes. Cell infusion and aldesleukin (IL-2) treatment: Patients receive the lymphocytes by a 30-minute infusion through a vein. Starting within 24 hours of the infusion, they receive high-dose aldesleukin infusions every 8 hours for up to 5 days (maximum15 doses). Recovery: Patients rest for 1 to 2 weeks to recover from the effects of chemotherapy and aldesleukin. Tumor biopsy: Patients may be asked to undergo a biopsy (surgical removal of a small piece of tumor) after treatment to look at the effects of treatment on the immune cells in the tumor. Follow-up: After treatment is completed, patients return to the clinic once a month for several months for physical examinations, a review of side effects, laboratory tests and scans. They may undergo leukapheresis at some visits to look at the effect of treatment on the immune system and check the viability of the infused cells. Patients then return to the National Institute of Health (NIH) clinic once a year for 5 years and then complete a follow-up questionnaire for another 10 years. Retreatment: Patients whose tumor shrinks or disappears following treatment and then recurs may receive one additional treatment, using the same regimen of chemotherapy, lymphocyte infusion and IL-2 treatment.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the ASA404 infusion rate and co-administrating ASA404 with paclitaxel + carbopaltin chemotherapy regimen or docetaxel on the pharamcokinetics (PK) of free and total ASA404.

Background: - A new cancer treatment involves collecting white blood cells from an individual, modifying them to secrete IL-2 and target the ESO-1 protein expressed on some cancers, and returning them to the body. The cells may then be able to seek out the cancer cells and destroy them. Some kinds of cancer contain a protein called ESO-1, which is found on the surface of the cells. Doctors want to modify white blood cells to have an anti-ESO-1 effect, and use them to treat the cancer that has the ESO-1. In addition to adding genes that target the ESO-1 protein to the cells, the genes for IL-12 are added to the cells. IL-12 is a protein that stimulates the immune system. This type of therapy is called gene transfer. Objectives: - To test the safety and effectiveness of anti-ESO-1/IL-12 white blood cells against metastatic cancer. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have metastatic cancer that expresses ESO-1 and has not responded to standard treatments. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. They will also have blood tests and imaging studies. Participants will have leukapheresis about a month before the treatment to collect white blood cells. They will have chemotherapy 5 days before the treatment to suppress the immune system, and prepare the body for the anti-ESO-1/IL-12 cells. The anti-ESO-1/IL-12 cells will be given as an infusion. Participants will be monitored in the hospital during their recovery from the treatment. Participants will have regular followup exams every 1 to 6 months. The exams will include blood tests, imaging studies, and other studies. Due to toxicities seen with the regimen, it was decided not to pursue the phase 2 portion of the study.

Background: - ECI301 is a drug that may help make cancer cells more visible to the immune system after radiation. The drug may also help the immune system destroy the cancer at sites that have not received radiation therapy. Researchers want to study ECI301 in people with advanced cancer or cancer that has spread in the body (metastatic). Objectives: - To test ECI301 with radiation therapy for advanced or metastatic cancer. Eligibility: - People at least 18 years of age with either metastatic or advanced cancer that may benefit from radiation therapy. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. They will also have blood and urine tests, and imaging studies. All participants will have radiation therapy 5 days a week for 2 weeks. They will have different doses of ECI301 to test its safety and effectiveness. ECI301 will be given in a vein during the second week of radiation therapy. Frequent blood tests and imaging studies will monitor the treatment. After participants have ECI301, tumor samples may be taken from the site that had radiation and another site that did not have radiation. Follow-up visits will include blood tests and imaging studies.