Active clinical trials for "Nephrolithiasis"

Patients with large or otherwise complex renal calculi are commonly treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL; PERC). PERC requires the creation of an approximately 10 mm channel through the renal parenchyma, into the intra-renal collecting system, in order to effect stone fragmentation and extraction. Although the nephrostomy tract is confined to a small fraction of the renal parenchyma (approximately 1%), the trauma associated with the creation of the tract will affect blood flow and oxygen delivery to regions beyond the immediate site of injury. It is possible that this could result in a significant functional renal impairment. There are several reports describing the effect of PERC on renal function, but interpretation of these studies is difficult, due to a lack of uniformity in patient selection and variability in the timing of peri-operative evaluation. Recent data from the investigators' lab, obtained from a porcine model, suggest that, acutely, PERC causes a significant decrease in renal function as measured by para amino hippurate (PAH) clearance. The purpose of this study is to determine, in a rigorous and standardized fashion, the acute effects of PERC on renal function, as measured by nuclear renography.

The investigators propose a pilot clinical trial on the use of perioperative pregabalin in order to decrease ureteral stent related symptoms and decrease opioid usage after ureteroscopy with stent placement. Patients undergoing ureteroscopy with stent placement will receive a single dose of 300 mg pregabalin PO in the preoperative area. This work will assess safety and feasibility of studying this regimen at our institution, with the aim of performing a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study in the future.

The investigators aimed to evaluate whether these parameters could be guides for us in the selection of RIRS or Mini-PNL procedures in kidney stones that are smaller than 2 cm. The patients that have kidney stones smaller than two cm and be planned to undergo surgery were randomized into 2 groups prospectively. RIRS was performed in the RIRS group using a 7.5-F fiberoptic flexible ureterorenoscope while Mini-PCNL group was dilated up to 16.5F and mini-PCNL was performed with 12F nephroscopy. Preoperative characteristics, operative and postoperative results were compared in two groups. Thereafter, intra and intergroup comparisons were made to determine the effects of HU value, indicating the stone density, higher or less than 677 and the stone location on stone-free rates.

The goal of this [ type of study:]prospective randomized clinical trial. The main question is to compare the outcomes of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (m-PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in treating upper urinary tract calculus in children ≤ 10 years.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is accepted as the first treatment choice for most urinary stones. Still, it has adverse effects on the kidneys. The mechanism underlying the shock wave induced renal injury is not entirely understood, and oxidative stress has been speculated to be involved in this process. The Investigator evaluated the role of allopurinol, which works as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and free radical scavenger in renal protection against oxidative effects of ESWL. In a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial, a total of 70 patients with renal stones undergoing ESWL were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Group 1 receive allopurinol, and group 2 receive a placebo. Allopurinol 300mg was given orally for a total of 3 days, beginning a day before ESWL. The urinary excretion of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were determined by quantitative double antibody sandwich direct ELISA at baseline before ESWL then repeatedly two h, and 24 h after ESWL. The resistive index (RI) change of the interlobar artery was asses along with the measurement of the shear wave velocity (SWV) in the focal zone of the treated kidney before, two weeks, and four weeks after ESWL. Multivariate analyses were performed using repeated measure ANOVA to control covariates.

Evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of 28 days of treatment with ALLN-177 for reducing urinary oxalate excretion in patients with secondary hyperoxaluria and kidney stones.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) become the therapy of choice for renal stone. Although providing good results, stone recurrence is usually found as the therapies do not change the underlying metabolic abnormality. Among the metabolic disorders, hypocitraturia is an important risk factor for calcium nephrolithiasis. This study evaluate the preventive effects of potassium sodium citrate on stone recurrence as well as stone growth post ESWL or PCNL, in patients with calcium-containing stones.

To determine if emergency department patients with acute ureteral colic pain due to a ureteral stone who are treated with tamsulosin, versus placebo, will experience a shorter time to passage of their stone or resolution of their pain. A secondary study objective will be to determine if there is a relationship between response to tamsulosin and stone size or position in the ureter.

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of endoluminally administrated isoproterenol on pelvic pressure increase during flexible ureterorenoscopy in 14 humans. We propose that isoproterenol has potential of reducing intrarenal pressure during ureterorenoscopies. Lower intrarenal pressures may have the advantage of facilitating the procedure and reducing intraoperative complications as bleeding and infections.

This is a prospective randomized study, comparing quality of life in renal stone patients undergoing surgical treatment with ureteroscopy (URS) versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL).