Active clinical trials for "Tobacco Use Disorder"

The long-term goal of FRESH Delivers is to fill a critical gap in knowledge on the role of a home-based food delivery social intervention in the elimination of tobacco-caused cancer health disparities. The central hypothesis is that smokers who receive real-time video-based motivational counseling and home-based food deliveries will have greater cotinine-verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence than those who receive real-time video-based motivational counseling alone or home food delivery alone. The rationale for this approach is that studies show increased odds of smoking cessation with increasing food security.

Participants in this randomized clinical trial will be methadone-maintained smokers interested in switching to electronic cigarettes (ECs). There will be a total of 7 study visits over the course of 6 weeks; each visit includes psychometric assessment and biomarker measurements. After completion of the baseline visit, participants will be randomized to either: 1) 6 weeks of EC use (JUUL 5% nicotine pods) or 2) 6 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in the form of nicotine lozenges. EC and NRT use will begin the day after the baseline assessment.

This trial studies activity of time (pharmacokinetics), subjective effects, and abuse liability of nicotine salt-based vaping products with tobacco or e-liquids. This study aims to determine and compare the levels of nicotine delivered to the bloodstream from nicotine salt and free-base nicotine e-liquid solutions.

This project will use the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) to guide the development of optimized treatment strategies for the two most effective smoking cessation medications (Combination Nicotine Replacement [C-NRT] and varenicline). The investigators will recruit daily smokers from primary care to participate in a fully crossed, 2x2x2x2 factorial experiment (N=608) that evaluates 4 different factors: 1) Medication Type (Varenicline vs. C-NRT), 2) Preparation Medication (4 Weeks vs. Standard), 3) Medication Duration (Extended [24 weeks] vs. Standard [12 weeks]); and 4) Counseling (Intensive vs. Minimal). Participants will complete assessments one week pre-quit and then assessments of smoking status, treatment use, side effects, potential treatment mechanisms (e.g., withdrawal, self-efficacy) during the first week post-target quit date (TQD) and at Weeks 2, 4, 12, 20, 26, and 52 post-target quit date. These data will be used to examine the main and interactive effects of these four factors on various outcomes, with biochemically confirmed 12-month abstinence serving as the primary outcome. These data will also be used to determine which factors and combinations of factors are most effective with regard to 12-month biochemically confirmed abstinence and cost, thereby identifying optimized varenicline and C-NRT treatments, with each developed to yield especially great benefit. These optimized treatments will then be tested in the Optimized Care Project. The investigators will also examine the relative effects of each medication on particular outcomes (e.g., 12-month abstinence).

Substance use disorders (SUD) are characterized by increased automatized responses to drug-related cues (cue-reactivity) and deficient cognitive control. Cue-reactivity (CR) can be elicited by internal (e.g. mood) or external (e.g. situations) cues closely related to consumption. Therefore, one aim for relapse prevention is to control CR by the enhancement of cognitive control, e.g., via noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) of cortical areas involved in inhibitory control. However, thus far, treatment effects of NIBS for relapse prevention in SUD are only moderate, despite clear neurophysiological targets. Critically, NIBS is commonly applied in highly standardized laboratory situation, not related to CR, neglecting the current individual (brain-) state. In the current study, relapse-relevant (brain-) states will be evoked in individual, naturalistic settings outside the laboratory and monitored by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS; assessing cortical activation patterns) and heartrate variability (HRV; as a periphery physiological measure) to capture the optimal (cortical) state for subsequent NIBS by means of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The aim of this highly innovative approach is increasing the efficiency of relapse prevention in SUD. At its heart, multimodal measurements during real-world (substance-related) choices with high ecological validity will be used to identify markers for individual optimal target states for tDCS. In contrast to current approaches, the target brain state of the individual adaptively controls the tDCS to maximize therapeutic outcome. One obstacle is to clear the data from artefacts to interpret data at a single-trial level, which requires this proof-of-concept study. This data is prerequisite for further clinical randomized-controlled studies in patients with SUD.

The purpose of the present study is to examine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of "tobacco-free" oral nicotine pouches, at various doses and flavors, in healthy adult smokers. The study will utilize a within-subjects, double-blind design. Upon enrollment, participants will complete 7 dosing conditions: tobacco-flavored pouch (low or high nicotine dose), mint/menthol-flavored pouch (low or high nicotine dose), and fruit-flavored pouch (low or high nicotine dose); participants will also complete a condition where the participants will smoke participants' preferred brand of cigarettes. In each experimental session, participants will complete 2 product-use bouts. In bout 1, the participants will use a single product (pouch or cigarette) for a fixed period under controlled conditions. In bout 2, participants will be given 2 hours to use participants' assigned product ad libitum.

This series of studies will explore the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of making access to smartphone applications contingent on objective evidence of smoking abstinence.

Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) will be exposed to active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) from F8 coil or active rTMS from H coil for smoking cessation. Smoking and brain functional connectivity changes will be assessed at baseline, different stages of rTMS and/or follow-ups.

Study 2 will evaluate the effects of extended exposure to cigarettes with varying levels of nicotine in pregnant smokers who have less than an Associate's degree. This study will be limited to two conditions: usual brand vs. 0.4 mg nicotine/g tobacco. After a baseline period in which daily smoking rate and other baseline assessments are completed, participants will be randomly (by chance) assigned to either their usual brand or the very low nicotine content condition and followed for 12 weeks.

This study aims to determine the health effects of very low nicotine content in cigarettes, in conjunction with the availability of nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) among smokers with mental health conditions (SMHC).