Active clinical trials for "Tobacco Use Disorder"

RATIONALE: Chemoprevention is the use of certain drugs to keep cancer from forming. The use of phenethyl isothiocyanate may prevent lung cancer in people who smoke cigarettes. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying phenethyl isothiocyanate to see how well it works in preventing lung cancer in smokers.

The goal of this behavioral research study is to create and study a Mindfulness-Based Addiction Treatment (MBAT) for nicotine dependence. Mindfulness is a method to help focus attention on being in the "here and now." It can be learned through training in how to control one's attention. It is usually taught through meditation. The overarching goals of the study are to evaluate the efficacy of MBAT for nicotine dependence and the mechanisms and effects posited to mediate MBAT's impact on abstinence.

This randomized phase II trial is studying sulindac to see how well it works compared to a placebo in preventing lung cancer in current or former smokers with bronchial dysplasia. Chemoprevention is the use of certain drugs to keep cancer from forming, growing, or coming back. The use of sulindac may prevent lung cancer from forming in patients with bronchial dysplasia. It is not yet known whether sulindac is more effective than a placebo in preventing lung cancer in patients with bronchial dysplasia.

Attempts to quit cigarette smoking are often accompanied by negative mood and problems in attention and memory. These effects, in turn, may contribute to smoking relapse. This exploratory/developmental project examines the effects of a novel medication, GTS-21, on individuals interested in smoking cessation. It is hypothesized that GTS-21 will reduce negative affect, improve cognition and/or reduce smoking relapse in healthy adult men and women who are chronic cigarette smokers.

The dependence on tobacco is a predictable leading cause of death. The treatment based on the cognitive-behavioral therapy, including relapse prevention, became standard for tobacco dependents; yet scientific advances are still needed. Accordingly, the Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention (MBRP) program, adjunct to treatment, has shown promising results. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of the program MBRP as an adjunct in the treatment of smoking cessation instituted by the Ministry of Health, through the Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA) in Brazil.There will be a randomized clinical trial, with a simple random allocation. 60 patients will participate in this study receiving treatment (INCA'S standard) randomized between two groups: the MBRP Group (EG), which will undergo eight sessions of MBRP; and the Control Group (CG) that will undergo eight sessions of the traditional model of Relapse Prevention.This study will be conducted at Ambulatory benchmark to smoking cessation treatment in the city of Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais State- Brazil). Changes will be evaluated on several variables such as cessation of smoking, anxiety, depression, craving, positive and negative affects and will investigate the association of levels of mindfulness with smoking cessation. The data will be assessed at baseline (T0) and four other times: 1 (T1), 3 (T2), 6 (T3) and 12 months (T4) after the initiation of the study, besides being subjected to evaluations of regularly planned maintenance in the protocol of Ministry of Health. For data analysis there will be used Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measures and Longitudinal Logistic Regression, in order to evaluate the effect of two types of intervention on the evolution of comorbidities and abstinence of patients.

While the military has taken steps to reduce tobacco use over the past two decades, over a quarter of new military recruits report regular tobacco use prior to enlistment. This rate is higher than the national prevalence of 21.3% of US adults. Brief health prevention programs may be particularly effective for Airmen in Technical Training, given that all Airmen have been tobacco free for 11 ½ weeks and nearly 2/3rds are confident that they won't return to tobacco. We have developed and validated a Brief Tobacco Intervention (BTI) that is currently being implemented as part of Technical Training. We found that a motivational interviewing based, 40 minute BTI was efficacious in increasing perceived harm and decreasing intentions to use tobacco in a sample of 1055 Air Force trainees. Although we obtained significant positive changes in latent cognitive constructs for tobacco behavior that are highly predictive of future tobacco use in youth and young adults, the Little et al study did not obtain measures of actual tobacco resumption following the ban on tobacco in Air Force training. Given that 69.8% of all tobacco resumption/initiation occurs in Technical Training, a study that evaluates the short-term impact of our BTI on actual tobacco use is necessary prior to conducting the full scale R01 that would evaluate the long term efficacy of the BTI intervention. Thus, we propose the following Specific Aims: (1) To recruit approximately 2,000 Air Force trainees at the beginning of Technical Training at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland Air Force in San Antonio, Texas during the 11 ½ week involuntary cessation ban; (2) To randomize participants to either (a) receive our cigarette smoking military tailored pamphlet (HL095758), The Airmen's Guide to Remaining Tobacco Free (Airmen's Guide; which has been disseminated and is now the standard of care in the Air Force) or (b) the Airmen's Guide + Brief Tobacco Intervention (BTI); (3) To determine the short-term (3 month, end of Technical Training) efficacy of the intervention on tobacco abstinence. Our primary outcome is tobacco abstinence at the end of Technical Training to determine an estimated effect size as well as establish the requisite preliminary work for a subsequent R01. Given that over 220,000 new recruits enter the military annually in one of the service branches, the public health implications of an effective brief tobacco intervention targeting the most commonly used tobacco for military personnel in Technical Training is considerable. If the BTI is proven efficacious it can be easily disseminated to other service branches that have similar tobacco bans during Technical Training.

This study will compare the effectiveness of two approaches for delivering smoking cessation advice in the primary care setting. Ask-Advise-Connect (AAC) is a strategy that uses the electronic health record (EHR) to prompt clinical staff to Ask if the patient smokes, Advise them to quit and, if they're interested, Connect them to Quitline (QL) counseling services. The connection occurs when a QL counselor is notified of the patient's interest, and then calls the patient to enroll in treatment. AAC has been shown to be very effective at enrolling patients, however, it was found that less than 42% of patients who agreed to be referred were successfully contacted by the QL after 5 call attempts. This indicates that many patients that are referred are not ready for cessation, but may feel obligated to accept the referral from their primary care team. This presents an opportunity to improve the patient centeredness of the referral process. To overcome these limitations, the investigators propose pairing it with a patient-centered smoking cessation approach called the Teachable Moments Communication Process (TMCP). The investigators' team developed this communication strategy, which incorporates patients' concerns into a partnership-oriented discussion about smoking cessation. The investigators propose that combining these two approaches could increase appropriate referrals to the QL, increase the likelihood of successful patient contact and enrollment, and increase the patient's rating of the value of the experience.

The purpose of this research study is to find out if an investigational drug, GSK598809 can help people who have very recently quit smoking; the investigators want to find out if continuing to take GSK598809 over six weeks can help prevent smokers from relapsing. To relapse means you "fall back" into smoking again after quitting. The investigators also want to find out if GSK598809 is safe to take without causing too many side effects.

There have been a number of tobacco prevention programs developed and tested in the past few years, and some of the comprehensive programs have been promoted by the Office on Smoking and Health at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). However, the use of these programs and integration into school-based curriculum has been lacking due to a number of factors. We are proposing to develop an interactive computer-based program for tobacco prevention aimed at middle school students. The CD-ROM is designed to be an adjunct to the existing health education curriculum provided for 6th through 8th grade students.

RATIONALE: Zinc supplements may lower cadmium levels in smokers and may help prevent DNA damage. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well zinc supplements work in lowering cadmium levels in smokers.