Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

Children who receive hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) are at high nutritional risk due to comorbidities and complications that are likely to develop before, during and after transplant. Prior to transplant, many children undergo multiple rounds of chemotherapy which affect appetite and cause gastrointestinal toxicities that limit food intake. During transplant, painful mucositis makes it difficult to consume adequate nutrients and often children will require nutrition support such as parenteral or enteral nutrition. Energy imbalance and physical deconditioning following transplant can result in loss of lean body mass and functional impairment; these nutritional side effects are exacerbated if the child develops graft-versus-host disease. After transplant, a substantial number of childhood cancer survivors become overweight and develop metabolic syndrome. However, little is known about the prevalence and distribution of pediatric malnutrition (under-nutrition as well as obesity), the psychosocial factors that affect dietary intake and how the quality of the child's food intake and physical activity level throughout the transplant process might affect body composition and clinical outcomes. In this exploratory study, we will monitor nutritional status in pediatric patients undergoing HCT. This study will test the feasibility of collecting patient-reported dietary intake data along with anthropometric, body composition, functional status and psychosocial measurements that may influence dietary intake in pediatric patients undergoing HCT. The data collected in this preliminary analysis will inform future interventional studies.

The objective of this study is to test and compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of four supplementary foods for the treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) in normal programmatic settings in Sierra Leone. Study participants will receive one of four test foods varying in energy and nutrient density as well as amounts provided. Super Cereal Plus (SC+) at 800 kcal/d, 215 g/d (Control group) Super Cereal (SC) and oil and sugar at 998 kcal/d - 200 g SC and 20 g oil and 20 g sugar, per day Corn-soy Blend 14 (CSB14) and oil at 978 kcal/day - 150 g CSB14 and 45 g oil, per day Plumpy'Sup - 500 kcal/d, 92 g/d This will be a prospective, randomised, controlled effectiveness trial. Aims (Impact) To compare the effectiveness of four supplementary foods in the treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) in normal programmatic settings in Sierra Leone. (Cost) To estimate the relative cost-effectiveness (marginal cost per child recovered from MAM, relative to comparison group, SC+) of implementing the feeding program using each commodity, taking into consideration costs of procurement/production and distribution (Process) To evaluate the determinants of effectiveness including: consumption adherence, preparation compliance, targeting/sharing of supplement, food components and preparation, adverse effects of foods, water contamination, hygiene and health behaviors, SES, food security, perceived barriers Outcomes Recovery from MAM Percent of children recovered from MAM (defined as achieving mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) ≥ 12.5 cm by 12 weeks once) Percent default/non-response: children who do not recover after 12 weeks Percent relapse: children who become MAM again within 6 months of recovery Mean number of weeks to recovery Hypothesis The children with MAM fed Super Cereal and oil and sugar, CSB14 and oil or Plumpy'Sup will have similar recovery outcomes to those children fed Super Cereal Plus. Null: The children with MAM fed Super Cereal and oil and sugar, CSB14 and oil or Plumpy'Sup will have different recovery outcomes to those children fed Super Cereal Plus.

IDPN is widely used in HD patients without clue of its effectiveness. Study objectives: to evaluate IDPN effects on mortality (main objective), hospitalization rates, nutritional status, dialysis efficacy, Karnofsky score

The aim of the study is to determine whether the optimisation of the preoperative nutritional status affects the course of the perioperative period in patients with frailty. Subjects: Patients 65 and over years of age with frailty or risk of it, with suboptimal nutritional status who are prescribed to elective cardiac surgery . Research methods: Edmonton Crispness Scale, a Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) test will be used to select subjects. Body composition will be examined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to determine the degree of phase angle. Changes in laboratory blood tests will be recorded and evaluated The subjects randomly will be divided into control and study groups. The diet of the patients in the study group will be optimised by protein supplements before elective heart surgery. The benefits of optimising nutritional status will be evaluated comparing laboratory blood tests, changes in organ function, adverse outcomes, the need for vasoactive drugs, artificial lung ventilation time and length of hospitalisation between the groups.

This is a long-term, randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind clinical study of a nutritional supplement, ProStat 64, in chronic hemodialysis patients with poor nutrition. Subjects receive either ProStat 64 or Placebo for three months. At the end of this period, all subjects will receive ProStat-64 for a further 3 months at which time the study is ended. Parameters of nutritional status (lean body mass and serum protein) will be collected at baseline, 3 months and 6 months.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether nutritional supplementation will improve functional outcome parameters and nutritional status in elderly patients.

Depending on the YASAM project which was established to home-visit evaluate community-dwelling older adults (80 years of age and over), we aimed to determine the prevalence (prevalence) of geriatric syndromes (dependence, frailty, malnutrition, depression, dementia, comorbidity burden, polypharmacy) in these individuals and to determine possible changes in the follow-up of the patients during the 2-year follow-up period. (HEAVEN trial)

The investigators propose a pilot randomized controlled trial to train mothers to screen their children post-discharge for relapse based on MUAC criteria to facilitate timely identification and referral to care for children who have relapsed.

The objectives of this research are to determine: the burden of intestinal parasitic infections among persons living with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) whether intestinal parasitic infections alter TB treatment outcomes, including speed of sputum clearance and treatment outcomes the impact of malnutrition on speed of sputum clearance and TB treatment outcomes whether nutritional supplementation improves speed of sputum clearance and treatment outcomes In this study the researchers will investigate how intestinal parasites impact the nutritional status of TB patients before the start of nutritional supplementation and how they alter the trajectory of weight gain in those receiving supplementation by analyzing results from 2 cohorts. LEOPARD Cohort 1- Control-Enroll TB cases, screen for undernutrition, obtain stool for intestinal parasite screening by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and assess them for treatment outcomes and weight gain TB LION (Learning Impact of Nutrition) - Enroll TB cases, provide nutritional supplementation for 6 months (as part of existing TB LION study), screen for undernutrition, obtain stool for intestinal parasite screening by PCR, and assess them for treatment outcomes and weight gain LEOPARD Cohort 2 - Enroll TB cases, screen for undernutrition, obtain stool for internal parasite screening by PCR, and assess them for treatment outcomes and weight gain.

Older adults (≥ 55 years) who do not eat enough nutritious food are at risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition can lead to frailty, hospitalization, poor quality of life, and death. SCREEN (Seniors in the Community Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition) is the leading nutrition risk screening tool for cognitively well older adults living in the community. The purpose of this study is to determine if SCREEN can be used to find nutrition risk among older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or dementia (i.e., MCI-D) living in the community and persons living in retirement homes. SCREEN and other nutrition and health measures will be completed in 600 older adults (300 living in retirement homes with or without MCI-D, and 300 living with MCI-D in the community). SCREEN will be completed twice to determine reliability, and persons with MCI-D will have their results compared to those of a caregiver who completes it on their behalf. A dietitian's assessment and rating of nutrition risk will be used as the gold-standard to determine validity.