Active clinical trials for "Malnutrition"

This project explores whether access to a digital education video can improve the nutritional situation of home-living older adults after being discharged from the hospital.

This study will evaluate the gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance, compliance , acceptability and safety of a ready-to-use oral nutritional supplement drink for patients with dysphagia.

The RELISH study will investigate a new oral nutritional supplement (fortified porridge) for older adults in hospital who are undernourished (i.e., have malnutrition). Malnutrition is a lack of nutritional intake that can lead to poor recovery from illness, increasing hospital length of stay, and elevating healthcare costs. 22% of hospitalised older adults are estimated to have malnutrition. Oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) is key in the management of malnutrition. ONS are energy and nutrient dense products designed to increase dietary intake when diet alone is insufficient to meet daily nutritional requirements. However, for the ONS to be effective they need to be palatable (i.e., taste good), so that patients consume them (i.e., have good compliance) to reap the benefits of extra calories and protein. Normally, hospital patients are offered liquid based ONS (sip feeds). However, previous research has pinpointed that 56% of older adults on geriatric wards did not like sip feeds. Hence, exploration of compliance to different ONS formats is an important research direction to maximise malnourished older adult's nutritional intake. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the compliance and palatability of novel fortified porridge compared to traditional sip-feeds in malnourished older adults in hospital.

assess the subjective global validity and reliability of using The Pediatric Yorkhil Malnutrition Score (PYMs) and merits of using the Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional status and Growth (STRONGkids) as a nutrition screening tool correlate it with the severity of their nutritional derangements in comparison to the Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP)in hospitalized Egyptian children aged (2-5)years in Assiut University Children Hospital (AUCH).

Patients with severe malnutrition risk are 7.4 times more likely to die in hospital than well-nourished patients, and carry a 30-day readmission rate of >46%. Although malnutrition is common and is associated with extremely poor outcomes, it is neglected and undertreated. This is a randomized controlled pilot trial to rapidly identify at-risk hospitalized medical patients, and then provide nutritional supplementation in hospital and after discharge for 28 days. In select at-risk patients, 5 days of nutrition delivered through a peripheral vein will be used in addition to oral nutritional supplementation.

Malnutrition is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality of patients managed in intensive care unit. Early recognition and treatment of adult malnutrition are recommended in acute care settings especially for patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Biochemical indicators like serum concentrations of albumin and prealbumin (transthyretin) have a tradition of being used as markers of nutritional status but remains influenced by nonnutritional factors. A recent assessment of quadriceps muscle diameter with ultrasound method has gained interest for screening and follow-up of muscle weakness at the bedside in critically ill patients. In this light, the MALICUS project aims to investigate the validity of ultrasound as measurement tool for assessing malnutrition acquired in intensive care unit. Skeletal muscle is central to cytokine regulation and it contributes 85% of total body glucose clearance. Some research findings suggest that muscle wasting is a smoldering inflammatory state partially driven by cytokines and oxidative stress but these conclusions need to be investigated in context of critically ill patients and perioperative settings. The investigators search to determine impact of inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α) and oxidative stress (evaluated by quantifying the global anti-oxidative defenses in patient with an original method (Patrol® test) based on the use of excited molecular oxygen (singlet oxygen) as a source of ROS on erosion of lean body mass measure with quadriceps muscle ultrasound. Consequently, in an ancillary study of the MALICUS project, the investigators wish to investigate interaction between acute inflammation and muscle wasting.

This study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of Ophiocephalus striatus extract in elderly patients with malnutrition. The measured outcomes are the level of IGF-1, albumin, and MNA score.

The purpose of this study is to study the effects of EPA-enriched supplement compared with conventional supplement in malnourished head and neck cancer patients undergone surgery. Primary outcome is perioperative weight changing.

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) including moderate acute malnutrition (MAM: weight-for-height z-score <-2 to -3, or mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) 115 to < 125 mm) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in under-5 children of developing/low-income countries. Approximately 14.6% of all under-5 mortality worldwide is attributed to MAM. Prevalence of MAM among under-5 children in Bangladesh is ~12% (~1.7 million). Providing a diet containing adequate nutrients is the mainstay of treatment of children with MAM. Dietary protein is mostly derived from vegetable sources for the middle and low income population among whom the prevalence of MAM and other forms of PEM is high. It is now possible to process fish into fish peptides with longer shelf-life without refrigerator, known as 'fish Surimi' and consumed by different categories of people who need more well-balanced protein; this could be an attractive alternative to supply fish protein in the diet of children in low-income countries like Bangladesh. Fish Surimi peptide is broken down from white fish meat using plant-derived enzyme and the ingredient is just fish meat consisted of 20 different kinds of amino acids including nine essential amino acids. In human studies it is found to help lowering blood lipids, glucose, IgE, hypertension, and increasing serum albumin and total protein, and bone density. The present study is designed to assess acceptability and efficacy of 'fish Surimi' in 2-5 years old children suffering from MAM. A pilot study with two phases: to assess the i) acceptability with a small convenience sample (N=30) (phase 1); and ii) efficacy (rate of weight gain) of this fish peptide in a small convenience sample (N=70: 35 intervention 35 control) (phase 2) is proposed. Acceptability trial (first phase): The investigators will conduct this study in the study ward of Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b. For each child the study will be for two days: i.e. direct observation of food intake of two lunches and two suppers. In a randomly manner and cross over design, an individual child will be offered 5g of fish Surimi during lunch and 5g during supper in one day or the same meal without any fish peptide on the other day in a blinded manner. The investigators will observe the completeness and eagerness of eating and any possible side effect (e.g. allergy, vomiting, diarrhea etc.) over these two days. Pilot efficacy trial (second phase): The investigators will conduct a pilot trial to assess the efficacy (mainly on child weight gain) of fish Surimi given at home with various foods/meals in 2-5 years old children with MAM will be conducted in Dhaka City of Bangladesh. Children will be enrolled from the Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b after improvement of any acute illness. The intervention group will receive (as take home supplementation) two-week's ration of fish Surimi (@10g/day in two doses i.e. 5g + 5g each in airtight packet), which will be served twice daily mixed with family diet. The control group will not be provided any supplements but the parents will be given dietary advice to provide nutritious food to the child in adequate amounts, and children of both groups will receive micronutrient sprinkle. The child's guardian will be supplied with fish Surimi during initial discharge from icddr,b hospital and requested to come for a fortnightly follow up at the nutrition follow-up unit (NFU) of icddr,b. During each follow-up visit the study research assistant/health worker will do the anthropometry, collect morbidity history since the last visit/follow up and dietary history will also be taken to find out how the child is doing along with the fish Surimi intake. Treatment of any illness will be provided as per standard method by on duty physician of the Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b. The ration for next two weeks will be provided and in such way each child will be followed for ~ 3 months over six NFU-follow-up visits. To reduce the possible drop-out the both-way transportation cost (~ 150 to 250 taka) during each follow-up visit will be reimbursed to the guardians. In the middle of the two scheduled follow-up days the research assistant will call the family by cell phone to monitor the child's feeding and morbidity status. Approximately 5ml blood will be collected from the ante-cubital vein of the children for biochemical test on enrolment and at the end of 3 months and will be analyzed for haemoglobin (Hb), c-reactive protein, zinc, ferritin, albumin, total protein, and IgE. During the blood drawing days each child will be given a toy (take home).

Published guidelines recommend at least 2 gm/kg/day of protein for critically ill surgical patients. It may not be possible to achieve this level of intake using polymeric enteral nutritional formula and protein or amino acid supplementation will be necessary. This was a retrospective cohort study in which the investigators reviewed critically ill trauma and surgical patients treated with supplemental enteral protein according to a protocol aimed to deliver a total of 2 gm/kg/day of protein. The investigators studied detailed nutritional data from a 2 week period after admission and obtained additional data through discharge to determine caloric intake, protein intake and complications. The investigators also compared urine nitrogen excretion and visceral protein (transthyretin) concentrations between those who received early supplementation with those who did not.