Active clinical trials for "Nutrition Disorders"

This trial will be conducted in the United States of America (USA). The aim of this clinical trial is to investigate whether NNC 0070-0002-0349 is safe and well tolerated. Groups of eight subjects will be administered subcutaneous injections of NNC 0070-0002-0349 or placebo on Day 1 beginning with a low dose; after which laboratory and vital sign data as well as subject reported adverse events will be evaluated. If safe to proceed, the next group of subjects will be given a higher dose and the safety evaluation performed again before proceeding. In total, 5 dose levels will be evaluated. Subjects will be administered a dose and remain in the clinic until the morning of Day 8 after dosing and vital signs and safety labs as well as blood drawn for pharmacokinetic samples taken. Subjects will return to the clinic on Days 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 22 for repeat blood draws and safety labs. Day 22 is the final study visit.

In rodents, obesity is associated with changes in tight junctions' structure in small intestine, which impacts intestinal permeability and results in metabolic complications. Few data exist in human. We hypothesized that intestinal permeability is altered in obese subjects in comparison to lean subjects, linked to metabolic and inflammatory status and that these alterations are modified after gastric bypass.

Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy has been shown to significantly reduce weight and has been approved as a treatment of morbid obesity. The standard laparoscopic operation requires five small incisions for the introduction of instruments and the band into the patient's abdomen. The investigators have developed a technique for performing this operation through a single incision at the belly button. This study compares this method to the conventional 5-incision approach.

This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance and safety of a low-protein formula in healthy full-term infants by investigating effects on growth and gastrointestinal tolerance and by identifying any adverse effects.

This 6-week parallel randomised prospective dietary intervention study with type 2 Diabetes investigates the nutrition influence of animal protein in comparison to plant protein on the glucose metabolism.

In the post-genomic era, a major challenge for health research is to understand the complex interactions among genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors including dietary intake. Unfortunately, such initiatives are hampered by the lack of accurate dietary intake assessment methods for large studies. The newly emerging field of metabolomics offers unique possibilities to characterize individual food intake, dietary patterns and effects of dietary intervention in large studies. The investigators propose to develop a platform to detect broad metabolomic responses to food intake in controlled trials as well as to use targeted metabolomics approaches to characterize dietary intake in longitudinal studies. Our laboratory has a long history of developing methodology for assessing nutritional status and effects of diet on metabolism. Here, the investigators team up with the Sahlgrenska Academy Core Facility and the Swedish NMR Centre at the University of Gothenburg, that offer modern metabolomics equipment and competence in bioinformatics, and use this in the context of nutrition research. To their knowledge, the investigators are among the first groups in the country to develop skills in metabolomics to assess dietary intake and effects of nutrition on metabolism, and probably the first to use two complementary platforms with both mass-spectrometry and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. Hence, our methodological results should be useful to nutritional scientists nationally as well as internationally.

The aim is to further establish a physiological role for GLP-1 as an endogenous satiety signal by examining the effect of the specific GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin (9-39) on appetite and food intake in healthy male subjects.

The purpose of this study is to compare ways of giving advice and providing support to improve diet and physical activity in adult primary care patients with elevated body mass index and dysglycemia.

Healthy pregnancy and birth outcomes is greatly influenced by the intake of adequate and balanced nutrition. Pregnant women's nutritional knowledge and practice have been identified as an important prerequisites for their proper nutritional intake. The antenatal period with the opportunities for regular contact with health professionals appears to be the ideal time and setting to institute the intervention which could maximize pregnant women's outcome and that of their baby by motivating them to make nutritional changes. The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of nutrition education on the appropriate nutritional knowledge and practice of pregnant women.

Cancer promotes weight loss; it can also lead to particular complications for patients during treatment. A team led by Dr Michael Sawyer, showed the deleterious impact of undernutrition on the benefits of chemotherapy. Cancer patients are at high risk of undernutrition, which is generally more pronounced for solid tumours (upper digestive tract, ENT, bronchial tubes…). This undernutrition leads to major weight loss and wasting, and may represent the first sign of a call for a diagnosis of cancer. Cancer-related undernutrition is multi-factorial in origin and has multiple consequences; it has its own prognostic value. Chemotherapy treatments can induce various adverse effects in patients, including sensory disturbances at the beginning of treatment in addition to disturbances that may already be present before any treatment. Altered taste and odour, observed in 86% of patients, can induce a change in food preferences, promote the development of aversions, and therefore, lead to a significant reduction in the pleasure of eating. Loss of appetite, decreased food intake and the development of aversions to certain foods are situations experienced by a large proportion of patients undergoing chemotherapy. The assessment of taste disorders in patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment is established through the use of questionnaires, interviews and taste tests. Changes in the perception and identification of salty, sweet, bitter and sour flavours are common in patients undergoing chemotherapy. The objective of CANUT is to study the effect of pathology and chemotherapy on gustatory and olfactory mechanisms and in particular on interindividual differences in the perception and appreciation of food. In this study the investigators propose to adapt foods to best respond to sensory disorders related to the disease and/or treatment.