Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

The BHCK study will develop, implement, and evaluate a community-based obesity prevention program, which operates at multiple levels of an urban food system (policy, wholesaler, corner stores, carryout, household, individual; in Baltimore, MD), and will improve the healthy food supply chain to increase affordability, availability, purchasing and consumption of healthy foods within low-income, minority neighborhoods.

The overall objective is to determine the impact of comprehensive, multifaceted, child care-based intervention to prevent obesity among children 2 through 5 years of age. The specific aims are: To determine the extent to which the intervention, compared with the control condition, results in a smaller age-associated increase in body mass index (BMI) after a 6-month intervention (primary outcome) and a 1-year follow-up period among children. To determine the extent to which the intervention, compared with the control condition, reduces the proportion of children who are obese (BMI >95th percentile for age and sex). To determine the extent to which the intervention, compared with the control condition, results in: improved dietary, physical activity and television-viewing behaviors among children, specifically, reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, high calorie/low nutrient-dense snack foods, and fast food, increasing active time, and reducing TV/video viewing time; improved home food and activity environment, specifically, decreasing availability of sugar-sweetened beverages and high calorie/low nutrient-dense snack foods, and increasing parental support for healthy eating and regular physical activity; improved child care center food and activity environment, specifically, increasing opportunities for healthy eating and physical activity, and increasing support and encouragement of children's behavior change by child care providers; To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention among child care providers and families. METHODS. The investigators will conduct a cluster-randomized controlled trial in 16 IMSS child care centers in Mexico City. The investigators will randomly assign 8 child care centers to the intervention condition and 8 to an assessment-only control condition. Multifaceted intervention. The resulting intervention will involve four main components: Training of child care providers. Curriculum sessions for children. Family outreach activities. Maintenance activities. Outcome and process measurements. Age-associated BMI (child's), changes in child's key obesity-related behaviors, changes in the child's home food and activity environment, and changes in child care food and activity environment. At the intervention and control child care sites, changes from baseline to one year for all outcome variables will be measured.

Compare the effect of the HEALT[e]TEEN program and a HEALTH[e]TEEN plus coping skills training delivered to high school students on BMI, nutrition and physical activity behaviors, and self-efficacy over 6 months.

The primary objective of this study is to determine the influence of insulin resistance on drug metabolism and response in obese subjects. The investigators hypothesize that expression of adiponectin (a hormone secreted by fat tissue), and specific variants in the adiponectin gene can predict the insulin resistance and drug response among obese subjects.

The study investigates whether a caloric restricted dietary regime can prevent onset and/or progression of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients with abdominal obesity, through the amelioration of concomitant metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and inflammation, possible risk factors for the onset of kidney disease. The main aim of the study is therefore to evaluate the renoprotective effect of caloric restriction (CR) on subjects at risk of nephropathy. Secondary aim is to better understand how dietary implementation can modulate renal disease and its associated metabolic abnormalities.

The study investigated the effectiveness of home-based exercise combined with a slight caloric restriction on weight change during 12 months in non-obese women. In addition the investigators evaluate the effects of baseline insulin resistance on modulation of weight change. A randomized clinical trial with a factorial design was conducted from 2003 to 2005. Two hundred three middle-aged women (Rio de Janeiro/Brazil), 25-45 years, were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control (CG) and home-based exercise (HB). The HB group received a booklet on aerobic exercise that could be practiced at home (3 times/week - 40 min/session), in low-moderate intensity, during 12 months. Both groups received dietary counseling aimed at a slight energy restriction of 100-300 calories per day. The HB experienced a greater weight loss in the first 6 months (-1.4 vs. -0.8 kg; p=0.04), but after 12 months there was no differences between groups (-1.1 vs. -1.0; p=0.20). Of the serum biochemical markers, HDL-cholesterol showed major change, with an increase at month 12 of 18.3 mg/dl in the HB compared to 9.5 in the CG (p<0.01). At baseline the non-IR group (n=121) compared to IR (n=64) had similar values of BMI (26.7 vs. 26.3 p=0.21), but statistically significant lower values of waist, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR, as expected. When the group non-IR and IR were further stratified by GI diet, there were no differences according to diet in both groups. Women classified as IR at baseline had greater weight loss after 12 months of follow-up (-1.62 kg vs. -1.08 kg; p=0.01), and HB exercise helped to reduce weight only among NIR women (-1.51 vs. -0.68; p=0.04); no differences were observed between intervention groups for IR women (-1.54 vs. -1.66; p=0.24). There were no differences between IR and NIR groups for lipid profile after adjustment for weight changes. During follow-up, changes were more pronounced among those women in the high GI diet. These differences were statistically significant for weight and BMI and were greater among the IR compared to the non-IR. Changes in HOMA-IR after 3 months of follow-up were different comparing non-IR with IR at baseline. The IR had a reduction in the HOMA-IR, whereas in the non-IR this value increased (-0.73 vs. +0.37; p=<0.001). Also this reduction was greater among high compared to low GI diet (p=0.04).

Childhood obesity is a major public health threat. Physical activity and healthy eating contribute to the maintenance of healthy weights. Individually oriented behaviour change programs may not be able to overcome the influence of what has been called an obesogenic environment. Action Schools! BC (AS! BC) used a socio-ecological approach to enhance opportunities for physical activity and healthy eating in elementary schools and created systemic change at the provincial level. AS! BC helps elementary schools customize action plans, based upon their local context, to contribute to the health and well-being of children and the school community. Pilot research showed that AS! BC was an effective and feasible model. The provincial dissemination of AS! BC has been launched and partners from across many sectors are involved to enhance the sharing of knowledge and increase the implementation of the AS! BC model across British Columbia. The dissemination provides an unprecedented opportunity for evaluating how changing the school environment can promoted healthy weights in children. The dissemination was evaluated using a cluster randomized design; 30 elementary schools (n = 1529 consented children) from four (out of five) provincial health authorities volunteered to participate. The primary goals of the research are: to determine if the Action Schools! BC (AS! BC) model is an effective approach to positively change school environments and health related behaviours of children from diverse geographical regions and cultural groups, and to determine if the supports provided to schools or the community context influence the uptake and use of the AS! BC model. This research will contribute to the science of obesity prevention and knowledge use as well as public health practice.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 2 physical exercise training programs, with a supplementation in fruits and vegetables, on energy cost of walking. 60 subjects will be randomized into 2 groups. The first program will be consist of an interval strength training for 30 min on bicycle ergometer (which include strengthening exercises in an high intensity interval training). The second program will be conducted at a relatively low intensity of effort, corresponding to 50% of oxygen uptake (VO2) peak measured by indirect calorimetry. All subjects will receive a free supplement of 5 fruits and vegetables per day during all the intervention. The intervention will last 9 months in total : 5 month at the hospital fallow by 4 month at home.

The objectives were to 1) make students eat healthier and be more active; and 2) prevent overweight and obesity. Children will therefore be less likely overweight or obese. Beginning in January 2008, the Alberta Project Promoting active Living and healthy Eating in Schools (APPLE Schools) was implemented in 10 schools throughout the Canadian Province, Alberta. Full-time School Health Facilitators were placed in each of the schools to implement what is know in Canada as Comprehensive School Health (CSH). In the United States, CSH is more commonly referred to as "Coordinated School Health", while the synonymous term "Health Promoting Schools" is often used in Australia and Europe. The project was evaluated annually in the spring from 2008 to 2011 and as of 2009 evaluations included the use of time-stamped pedometers. The comparison group included approximately 150 schools that were randomly selected to reflect the population of Alberta, Canada. Twenty of these randomly selected schools also participated in data collection which involved the use of time-stamped pedometers.

The purpose of Challenge! is to determine if adolescents enrolled in a health promotion/ obesity prevention program will have a healthier BMI-for-age z-score and body composition (body fat %), will consume a healthier diet, and engage in higher levels of physical activity compared to those that did not receive the intervention over time.