Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of a multifactorial intervention with weight reduction, behavioural therapy, and physical exercise on the severity and control of asthma in obese children.

"Fit for Delivery" is a randomized, controlled study to examine the effects of an intervention during pregnancy which consists of exercise groups and nutritional counselling. The investigators will assess the outcomes of gestational weight gain, postpartum weight retention, large newborns, glucose regulation, and the incidence of complications of pregnancy and delivery such as gestational diabetes and Cesarean section.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the short term and long term effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery on energy expenditure, gastrointestinal and appetite regulating hormone levels, and appetite sensation. We hypothesize that following RYGB surgery, metabolism will be elevated in comparison to patients who have not yet had RYGB but who are losing weight simultaneously using a low calorie diet. We further hypothesize that this higher metabolism will be associated with alterations in fasting and postmeal levels of gastrointestinal and appetite regulating hormones. Long term (1.5 years after RYGB), we hypothesize that differences in metabolism, body composition, and hormone levels will distinguish between patients who have maintained their weight loss after RYGB vs those who have regained weight.

During the period of 2000-2003, 179 healthy, term infants with no previous signs of allergic disease were recruited and randomized to daily intake of cereals with or without the addition of Lactobacillus paracasei subspecies paracasei strain F19 (LF19) from 4-13 months of age. The effects of LF19 on gut microbial composition, infections, allergies, immunological development, growth and blood lipids were monitored. Of 179 included infants, 171 completed the study. The study product was well tolerated with no observed side effects. Compliance was excellent. In a follow-up study, the aim is to investigate the long-term effects of feeding LF19 during weaning on allergies, immune programming, overweight, gut microbial composition and oral health in 8-year old children. The investigators' primary outcome will be to determine whether daily intake of LF19 during weaning results in less eczema at 8 years of age, and if the preventive effect encompasses also respiratory allergies and immunoglobulin E (IgE) - sensitization. The long term effects on gut microbial composition, overweight and metabolic markers will be investigated. Furthermore, the possible preventive effects of LF19 on caries will be assessed.

We hope to determine if supplementing the diet of women who habitually consume low levels of calcium, with 1500 mg of calcium a day for three months will increase fat oxidation and decrease fat storage. We will also measure concentrations of lipids, glucose, hormones and enzymes associated with fat and carbohydrate metabolism to determine alterations and mechanism of the metabolic changes.

The primary aim of this research is to evaluate the efficacy of a multicomponent worksite-based, environmental intervention in reducing weight increase and obesity over time in working adults.

A diet (42% carbohydrate) specialized to the unique metabolic characteristics of peripubertal African AMerican girls (hyperinsulinemic, low insulin sensitive) will be more effective in maintaining glucose and insulin homeostasis compared to a standard diet (55% carbohydrate)

This study will compare three methods of counseling to determine which is most effective at motivating participants to adopt healthy lifestyle habits. The three methods are: individual counseling, working in groups with a health educator, and receiving advice from a physician. The health goals for subjects in this study are: 1) increase physical activity to 30 minutes each day, 2) reduce fat intake to less than 30% of total calories, 3) increase consumption of fruits and vegetables to at least 5 servings each day, and 4) reduce percentage of body fat to a healthy level.

The purpose of this study is to test the relationship between frequency of meals and hepatic fat content and insulin sensitivity. We, the researchers at Rockefeller University, hypothesize that low plasma insulin levels (as achieved by periods of fasting) will prevent insulin resistance and reduce hepatic lipid content. In contrast, frequent, carbohydrate-rich meals will predispose to hepatic steatosis (non-alcoholic) and insulin resistance. This is a 6 week inpatient study.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an obesity prevention program when administered to female college freshmen.