Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

The mechanism of neural communication between the brain and gut in the regulation of food intake is complex and not fully understood. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a powerful non-invasive imaging tool that allows studying the function of the brain and gut. The aim of this study is to develop MRI methods to combine brain and gut imaging in a single MRI scan session. The developed techniques will then be used to assess the brain-gut axis to a high fat drink compared with iso-caloric/iso-viscous/iso-volumetric carbohydrate drink in people with obesity and healthy weight participants. The findings could provide a possible explanation for why some people are heavier than others.

The purpose of this project is to examine key mechanisms contributing to sex-differences in hypoxic vasodilation and the impact of obesity, with particular emphasis on the sympathetic nervous system.

This study is for older children, adolescents, and young adults with B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL). Higher amounts of body fat is associated with resistance to chemotherapy in patients with B-ALL. Chemotherapy during the first month causes large gains in body fat in most people, even those who start chemotherapy at a healthy weight. This study is being done to find out if caloric restriction achieved by a personalized nutritional menu and exercise plan during routine chemotherapy can make the patient's ALL more sensitive to chemotherapy and also reduce the amount of body fat gained during treatment. The goals of this study are to help make chemotherapy more effective in treating the patient's leukemia as demonstrated by fewer patients with leukemia minimal residual disease (MRD) while also trying to reduce the amount of body fat that chemotherapy causes the patient to gain in the first month.

MINISTOP is an evidence-based app for parents of preschool aged children with the overall aim to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors and prevent the development of overweight and obesity. MINISTOP has been previously been evaluated in two previous trials (MINISTOP 1.0 and 2.0) with promising results. Therefore, the overall aim of this trial is to evaluate the large scale implementation of MINISTOP within Swedish primary child healthcare. The specific aims are to: (i) To compare two different implementation strategies for MINISTOP 3.0 (i.e., Basic vs. Enhanced) on: a) acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility as well as organizational readiness to implement MINISTOP 3.0 within primary child healthcare (primary outcomes) and b) reach, costs, adoption, fidelity, and sustainability of MINISTOP 3.0 within primary child healthcare (secondary outcomes). (ii) To compare two different implementation strategies of MINISTOP 3.0 within primary child healthcare on children's key dietary indicators, physical activity, and screen time (secondary outcomes). (iii) To compare the cost-effectiveness of two different implementation strategies for MINISTOP 3.0.

According to studies, the risk of cerebrovascular disease and cognitive decline are associated with age-related changes. In addition, there is data suggesting a relationship between the progression of this pathology and the presence of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. According to to some research, weight loss associated with cognitive function decline. In this regard, the development of effective, applicable in real clinical practice methods of non-drug treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular disorders and age-related cognitive decline in people with obesity and metabolic disorders, who are at high risk, seems to be extremely relevant. The main goal of the study is to compare the effectiveness of various weight loss approaches and to study their effects on the cognitive functions of elderly obesity women.

It is already known that dysbiosis, that is, qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota, can be associated with the development of a series of intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders. Dysbiosis is reported in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, allergic diseases, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, arteriosclerotic diseases, neurological diseases and metabolic syndromes, mainly diabetes and obesity. Among the many factors that play a key role in obesity, a number of studies show the intestinal microbiota as an important contributor. Many studies carried out with probiotics have shown that their administration can be effective in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Furthermore, it is found that benefits for body weight, abdominal adiposity, anthropometric measurements and body composition are often associated with favorable metabolic effects.

The study of the pro-inflammatory activation of circulating monocytes/macrophages in obesity is the main problem of this project. The investigation of pro-inflammatory activation of monocytes and determination of the level of mitochondrial genome mutations, assessment of traditional CVD risk factors and the degree of cardiovascular risk and atherosclerosis indicators and their association will be investigated in dynamics on 12-weeks weight loss.

The research study is being done to test heated humidified high-flow air (HHF), as a treatment for OSA.

The purpose of this study is to better understand the contribution of sympathetic vasoconstriction to impaired insulin-mediated vasodilation and subsequently insulin-mediated glucose uptake. The investigators will test the hypothesis that removal of sympathetic vasoconstriction can result in improvement in insulin-mediated vasodilation and subsequently sensitivity to insulin-mediated glucose uptake.

Background: Heart disease is a leading cause of death. People can reduce their heart disease risk by exercising more. Mobile health technology may make people more successful at increasing their exercise. This includes things like physical activity monitors and smartphone apps. Objective: To find out if mobile health technology can increase physical activity. Eligibility: African American women ages 21-75 who: Are overweight or obese Live in certain areas near Washington, DC Have a smartphone that can use the study app Design: At visit 1, participants will Answer survey questions. These may be about medical history, physical activity, and weight. They may also cover body image, health perception, and spirituality. Have body size measured and get blood tests Get a device to wear on the wrist. It will record physical activity and hours of sleep. Learn how to download and use the study mobile app For 2 weeks, researchers will collect data about participants physical activity. Then participants will have a study visit with additional blood tests. All participants will get messages from the app that encourage exercise. Some participants will get data from the app about exercise near their home or work. Some participants may get face-to-face coaching. Participants may get wireless devices. These measure body weight, blood pressure, and blood glucose. Participants can measure these at home and upload the data to the app for the study. Participants will have visits after 3 and 6 months. They will repeat the visit 1 tests.