Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

This is a cross-sectional observational study where investigators are trying to see the associations between factors contributing to obesity (dietary behavior and physical activity), resilience (self-efficacy, self-esteem, and optimism), and HRQoL in Indian adolescents. The key research question and sub-questions are as follows: Main research question: Is there a relationship between resilience (measured as self-efficacy) and obesity in children? What is the level of other resilience factors (measured as self-esteem and optimism) among overweight, obese, and normal-weight adolescents? Are there differences between the groups? Are there differences between ages? Are there differences between genders? Is there a relationship between resilience factors (measured as self-esteem and optimism) and HRQoL among overweight, obese, and normal-weight adolescents? Are there differences between the groups? Are there differences between ages? Are there differences between genders? Is low resilience (measured as self-esteem, self-efficacy, and optimism) associated with overweight or obesity among adolescents and a lower HRQoL? Are there differences between ages? Are there differences between genders? What is the level of association between resilience (identified as self-esteem, self-efficacy, and optimism) and factors contributing to obesity (dietary habits - measured in terms of more frequent unhealthy eating, such as eating fast food, sugary beverages, more calories, and less frequent healthy habits, such as more junk foods for meals, less physical activity, higher BMI, or higher weight-for-age Z scores, more body fat percentage and psychosocial factors related to obesity: socio-economic status

The childhood obesity prevalence has increased dramatically in the last decades, affecting more than 340 million children worldwide. This condition is the major risk factor for a set of metabolic abnormalities, also known as metabolic syndrome, a condition that reduce life expectancy by 5-20 years. Changes in the global food system, and the increased consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), may have contributed to the increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity and related morbidities. The mechanisms by which UPFs might promote obesity and metabolic syndrome could be multiple and not completely identified. The Ultra-processed Food in Obesity (UFO) Project has been designed to investigate the potential associations between UPFs intake and MetS in pediatric subjects

The purpose of this research study is to test the feasibility and acceptability of an interactive counselor -led online family skills training as part of a behavioral weight loss program for Black Adults.

The goal of this clinical trial is to examine the effectiveness of a drug named dapagliflozin (tested drug) on weight loss in young adults aged between 18 and 40 years with obesity who are not diagnosed with diabetes. The main questions this study aims to answer are: How much weight in average can people loose with the use of tested drug compared to 2 other comparator drugs: metformin and placebo (non-medicated pill)? What is the effect of using tested drug on other parameters used to assess blood pressure, cholesterol and sugar levels, and mental health? How frequent are the side effects from using the tested drug compared to the comparator drugs? Participants will go through a 6-month program of physical activity and diet and measure their weight progress. Those who do not achieve the target weight reduction will be randomly assigned to any of the three drug groups, either testes drug group, comparator 1 (metformin), or comparator 2 (placebo).

The main objective of this project is to apply a precision medicine approach to try to explain the intra-individual variability of the response to different weight loss approaches: a balanced hypocaloric diet in macronutrients (MedDiet), a very low carbohydrate diet (KetoDiet) and an intermittent fasting (IF) approach, and try to establish in a personalized manner with the individual variability in genetics, metabolites, intestinal microbiome, and environmental factors the best dietary strategy for weight loss. As secondary objectives the investigators pretend to O1: To analyze whether individual variability in genetics, epigenetics, intestinal microbiome, and environmental factors determine the changes in insulin resistance, blood pressure, lipid levels and NASH markers after three different dietary interventions. O2: To analyze whether individual variability in genetics, epigenetics, intestinal microbiome, and environmental factors determine the changes in the body composition and the different ratio of free-fat/ fat mass loss after three different dietary interventions. O3: To determine the most effective intervention to increase the loss of fat mass, preserve the free-fat mass and trigger a better metabolic profile. O4: To follow-up changes in gut microbiota and DNA methylation after each of the cross-over dietary interventions. O5: To evaluate the transcriptional response of adipose tissue and elucidate its predictive value for the body-composition changes in patients subjected to the different dietary interventions. O6: To evaluate the influence of D-ß-hydroxybutyrate as well as other short-chain acyl-CoA precursor metabolites in human adipocytes lipolysis by in vitro experimentation and elucidate the influence of metabolite-sensitive histone modifications in the shaping of adipose transcriptional program and lipolysis sensitivity. O7: To develop a machine learning algorithm based on genetics, epigenetics, intestinal microbiome, and environmental factors for the prediction of the best dietary approach for weight loss in a personalized manner. To try to respond to these objectives, the investigators will apply two models: a randomized cross-over study testing three different dietary weight-loss interventions: MedDiet, KetoDiet, and IF with wash-out periods before each intervention.

The present study relates to apparatus and methods that can be applied using non-invasive techniques for effectively reducing nutrient absorption in the small intestines of obese people.

Recently, numerous signaling proteins derived from adipose tissue and/or skeletal muscle have been described and are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and the pathophysiology of aging. Current evidence suggests a role for the FGF-Klotho system, circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), miR-499, and exosomes not only in the pathophysiology of obesity, but also in the association with sarcopenic obesity (OS) and in a accelerated aging. The investigator´s hypothesis is that obesity, especially OS, might be the cause of advanced aging, reflected in lower levels of the FGF-Klotho system, higher concentrations of cfDNA and a change in the profiles of miRNAs and exosomes, which could have an impact on risk. cardiovascular and metabolic. For this, a descriptive cross-sectional study is proposed in 50 patients with obesity, who will be classified as OS or not, and 25 healthy controls, between 50-60 years old. The determinations are made by the IBIOMED of the University of León. To study the evolution of aging markers over a year of follow-up, a second part of the study will analyze the possible differences according to the treatments assigned to each patient in the context of real life (lifestyle changes, drugs, bariatric surgery).

Assessment of benefits of HVNI in management of obesity hypoventilation syndrome complicated with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Compare the value, safety and effectiveness of HVNI and NIV in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome complicated with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure.

The goal of this observational study is to investigate the concentrations of leptin, insulin and cortisol in plasma and breast milk and their relationship with eating behavior, growth, adiposity and with the levels of these hormones in infants, comparing mothers with normal weight and with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: Are maternal hormones associated with child growth and adiposity Are maternal hormone receptors associated with child growth and adiposity Are infant hormones and their receptors associated with child growth and adiposity Participants will provide milk and blood samples. Researchers will compare mothers with normal weight and with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity to see if there are differences in child growth and adiposity .

The goal of this pilot study is to understand the combined effects of fish oil and exercise in obesity-associated inflammation acutely. We hypothesize that fish oil will improve gut bacteria profiles, which will in turn potentiate the benefits of an exercise program and reduce inflammation and metabolic risk.