Active clinical trials for "Overweight"

A significantly higher proportion of patients with rare diseases (RD) with intellectual disability (ID), present hyperphagia, overweight or obesity, compared to the general population. Prader-Willi syndrome is the only genetic obesity identified to date associated with hyperghrelinemia, while ghrelin levels are lower than in controls in other situations of obesity. The aim of the study is to find out whether the levels of ghrelin, which are abnormally high in PWS throughout life, are also high in these RD when people have hyperphagia and/or overweight.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is with 25% the most prevalent liver disorder in Western society and is associated with overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). NAFLD is defined by a hepatic fat accumulation of more than 5% in the absence of classical causes of steatogenesis (e.g. alcohol and steatogenic drugs). It represents a broad spectrum of clinical entities from steatosis to advanced liver disease with hepatic failure. Most of the patients have simple steatosis, however in about 15-30% non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops, which leads to an overall increase in morbidity and mortality due to the progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with NAFLD have no or few, mainly specific symptoms; and generally there is a silent progression of simple steatosis to NASH and in the end liver-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the clinical importance and the potential impact on healthcare resources, the majority of NAFLD patients are currently not detected due to the lack of non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD. To date, the prevalance of NAFLD in Turkey among subjects at risk, and its relation to common comorbidities such as obesity, T2DM and CVD is not clear. Therefore, identification of NAFLD patients in this cohort will give information on the prevalence in the group of uncomplicated overweight and obesity and those with concomitant cardiometabolic diseases. By early detecting these patients at risk to develop progressive liver diseases and extrahepatic manifestations, it will be possible to intervene and improve health. Within this context, this study aims to detect prevalence of NAFLD among risk groups. Also, the risk factors related to NAFLD etiology and progression, such as overweight, obesity, T2DM, CVD, diet and physical activity will be studied to have a better understanding of their presumed causal relationship with NAFLD.

Obesity is a globally growing public health problem. In 1993, about 25% of women in Sweden were overweight (BMI over 25) or obese (BMI over 30) on the first visit to maternal health care. Twenty years later, in 2013, the corresponding proportion was 38%. Being fat increases the risk of several severe complications during pregnancy and childbirth, such as miscarriage, premature birth, congenital disabilities, intrauterine fetal death, thromboembolism, gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension. Purpose of the project: To assess whether the introduction of new guidelines for overweight pregnant women (BMI>35) affects the outcome of pregnancy and childbirth, such as the frequency of cesarean sections or labor inductions.

The purpose of the Deaf Weight Wise Implementation Study is to study with diverse partners the approaches and strategies that lead to successful implementation of Deaf Weight Wise (DWW), an evidence-based healthy lifestyle intervention for use with Deaf adult American Sign Language (ASL) users. The implementation hypothesis is that diverse community organizations will successfully implement DWW with their constituents.

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common abnormal heart rhythm(arrhythmia) affecting about one in 40 people in England. Patients with AF often have symptoms ranging from palpitations and breathlessness, and a small number of patients may develop heart failure. The major complication of AF is stroke, and this is effectively treated with blood thinning medications (anticoagulation). AF symptoms can lead to significant decline in quality of life and can affect patients' ability to work and exercise. There are numerous treatments targeted at maintaining normal rhythm and preventing AF recurrence. These include medications and catheter ablation. Ablation has been shown to be more effective than medications for the long-term control of AF, but its efficacy is significantly reduced by upstream conditions such as high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, and poor fitness levels. This results in increased complications, repeat procedures, and increased AF recurrence or patients. Research currently available has shown that intensive risk factor control with weight loss and increased fitness can reduce AF burden and improve results from ablation. However, achieving these targets outside of a clinical trial have been challenging. Recent data has shown that a new class of drug (Liraglutide) can result in significant weight loss over a 3-month period, and pre-treatment prior to liver transplant has improved results and patient recovery. The overall aim of this study is to determine if accelerated weight loss by Liraglutide before AF ablation is feasible to base a future trial to inform if this approach improves outcomes and can be safely adopted into routine clinical practice.

Investigators propose to study youth across the spectrum of body mass index (BMI) and dysglycemia. This approach will allow investigators to disentangle the relationship of key features of type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk (e.g. obesity) with intermediary physiologic changes (e.g. insulin resistance, inflammation, β-cell dysfunction and dysglycemia) that pose a risk for the brain. Investigators will determine which of these factors are most associated with differences in brain structure and function among groups, over time, and how these effects differ from normal neurodevelopment.

This research study is being done to help researchers develop new dietary options for menopausal women to maintain a healthy weight by developing more nutritious snacks that have health benefits. From this study, the researchers hope to gain understanding on how menopausal women with metabolic syndrome digest and absorb foods with safflower oil on its own and when combined with soy. The research team hypothesize that the two different types of pretzels may be processed by your body differently and that components in the pretzel snacks may be helpful for preventing diseases like obesity and cancer. Safflower oil and soybeans contain many natural chemicals that may benefit human health. However, this relationship is not well understood. This study will look at the impact of the pretzel snacks on your blood fat and glucose levels as well as a group of chemicals found in soy called "isoflavones". Isoflavones are natural chemicals found commonly in soybeans or foods made from them. Participants will be screened to determine if they qualify in meeting the study requirements. Participants cannot have a known allergy to dairy, soy, safflower oil, or wheat protein. Also, participants will be asked to stop eating legumes (beans, peas, soy protein, sprouts and peanuts) and to document the oils they eat for the entire 14 weeks of this study. The study will require five visits to the Ohio State University Clinical Research Center (CRC) which part of the Ohio State University's Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences. Once the investigators have determined that you qualify for this study and you decide to participate, you will be consuming three different pretzels each for one month, starting with a control pretzel. After the control pretzel treatment period, you will be randomly assigned (like the "flip of a coin") to start with one of the two pretzel groups (wheat or soy pretzel with safflower oil) for your first treatment period and then switch to the other safflower oil pretzel at your second treatment period.

The overall purpose of this proposed action-research project is to measure the feasibility of consuming and the impact of indigenous plants and foods on health outcomes among Native American participants.

The main purpose of the present study is to perform a 10 weeks dietary intervention study with a follow-up for 52 weeks in children from 7-14 years of age with overweight or obesity. In a caloric restricted and increased physical activity setting the control group will consume a low-moderate protein (15E%/day) diet whereas the intervention group will consume a higher protein (25E%/day) diet. Furthermore, the investigators want to investigate the effect of frequent follow-up after intervention. Compared to the low-moderate protein diet, the investigators hypothesis that a diet with higher consumption of protein-containing foods will more effectively induce weight loss (a reduction in BMI-SDS) or weight maintenance in children with overweight or obesity, and improve risk factors for type 2 diabetes and Quality of Life.

The First Heroes study plans to influence weight and health trajectories, modify disease risk, and improve health care services for mother-father-infant triads from racial/ethnic minority and health disparity populations. This study is a two-arm, randomized controlled trial recruiting from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) obstetrics practices. This study will enroll 250 father-mother dyads in the second trimester of pregnancy and intervene through their offspring's 1-year birthday. Each mother-father dyad participating will be randomly assigned to one of two arms: 1. Obstetric and Pediatric Standard of Care + New Parent Engagement Intervention Arm or; 2. Obstetric and Pediatric Standard of Care + Safety Control Arm.