Active clinical trials for "Hypoxia"

Morbidity frequency associated to a endotracheal suctioning is different between a necessity endotracheal suctioning protocol versus a routine endotracheal protocol.

Hypoxia, meaning a lack of oxygen, has been associated strongly with a wide range of human cancers. Hypoxia occurs when tumor growth exceeds the ability of blood vessels to supply the tumor with oxygenated blood. It is currently understood that hypoxic tumors are more aggressive. Current methods for measuring hypoxia include invasive procedures such as tissue biopsy, or insertion of an electrode into the tumor. EF5-PET may be a non-invasive way to measure tumor hypoxia.

The primary objective of this study is to determine the maximum tolerated dose, dose limiting toxicity, safety and tolerability of TH-302 in patients with acute leukemias, advanced phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), high risk myelodysplastic syndromes, advanced myelofibrosis or relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

Oxygen radicals and inflammation are important causes for brain injury in neonates following perinatal asphyxia. Animal studies demonstrated potential benefits to the brain when using both of vitamin C and ibuprofen. The efficacy of these 2 drugs when combined in protecting the human brain has not been studied. We aimed in this study to test the hypothesis that a combination of anti-oxidants (vitamin C) and anti-inflammatory (ibuprofen) drugs can decrease the brain injury in perinatal asphyxia and improve outcomes when given to infants immediately after birth.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure ventilation when applied by paramedics to individuals with severe breathing difficulties in the prehospital setting.

Excessive rise in pulmonary artery pressure induced by low oxygen tension (hypoxia) is one of the factors implicated in high-altitude pulmonary oedema. Plasma ET1 increases in subjects exposed to high altitude and is correlated to pulmonary artery pressure. The aim of the study is to investigate whether blockade of ET1 receptors would reduce the acute rise in systolic pulmonary artery pressure induced by hypoxia.

Low oxygen at altitude causes pauses in breathing during sleep, called central sleep apnea. Central sleep apnea causes repeated awakenings and poor sleep. Low oxygen itself and the induced oxidative stress can damage mental function which is likely worsened by poor sleep. Reduced mental function due to low oxygen can pose a serious danger to mountain climbers. However there is also mounting evidence that even in populations of people that live at high altitudes and are considered adapted, low oxygen contributes to reductions in learning and memory. Therefore there is a serious need for treatments which may improve sleep, control of breathing and mental function during low oxygen.Therefore this study aims to determine how melatonin effects control of breathing, sleep and mental performance during exposure to low oxygen.

The investigators designed a cross-over, randomized trial to assess the physiological effects of helmet pressure support ventilation (PSV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as compared to high-flow nasal cannula during the early phase of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

The aim of the study is to examine if automated oxygen delivery with O2matic allows for faster weaning from oxygen and better oxygen control than manually controlled oxygen therapy for patients admitted with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore it will be tested if O2matic compared to manual control allows for faster discharge from hospital. Patients sense of security, anxiety and dyspnea will be evaluated by questionnaires.

Brain tumor surgery is commonly associated with different degrees of preoperative intracranial hypertension and surrounding tumor edema, elicited by tumor underlying pathophysiology. During craniotomy for brain tumor resection maintenance of hemodynamic stability and intracranial homoeostasis is of paramount importance. Disordered hemodynamics or adverse stress may activate the immune inflammation or neuroendocrine responses and lead to a surge of inflammatory mediators and stress hormones, which are implicated in secondary brain insults. Adverse physiological responses caused by intraoperative disordered hemodynamics or surgery-related damage, may lead to some secondary brain injury (such as cerebral edema or cerebral hemorrhage), aggravating damage to brain tissue and affecting the recovery from anesthesia, cognition and prognosis in patients. Prevention of secondary brain injury is a key-endpoint to improve clinical outcomes in glioma patients undergoing craniotomy. Alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists have been widely used for sedation, analgesia and anti-sympathetic actions for many years, but the definite evidence of their potential use as neuroprotectants has so far been confined to animal studies, yet the findings are inconsistent. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been demonstrated to be a new type a2 adrenergic receptor (a2-AR) agonist, which can selectively bind with the a1 and a2 adrenergic receptor, and playing a dual role by restraining the activity of sympathetic nervous and stimulating the vagus nerve. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) also plays an important role in in inhibiting inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses. Animal experiments showed that the right must have a dexmedetomidine neuro-protective effect. However, the brain-protective effect of dexmedetomidine in anesthesia of craniotomy resection of glioma has not been reported. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine on perioperative brain protection, as well as cerebral oxygenation and metabolic status aiming to provide a basis for clinical rational drug use in patients undergoing craniotomy resection of glioma.