Active clinical trials for "Periodontal Diseases"

The primary objective of this study is to assess the short-term immune response of type-2 diabetics with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) to nonsurgical periodontal treatment. The investigators hypothesize that type-2 diabetes exacerbates the disruption of DC (dendritic cells)-mediated immune homeostasis associated with periodontitis.

Objective: The objective of this research was to compare the effect of a single session supragingival scaling in a group of pregnant women with periodontal disease with a group that received supra and subgingival scaling. Methods: The investigators included 34 pregnant women between 15 and 43 who had at least 4 teeth with probing depth ≥ 4 mm or clinical attachment loss ≥ 3 mm, with bleeding on probing in the same place. Women were divided into two groups, the group 1 received supra and subgingival scaling associated with oral hygiene orientation (OHO) and the group 2 received only supragingival scaling with OHO too.

The purpose of this study is to investigate if the use of systemic adjunctive antibiotics in the treatment of periimplantitis is needed.

The purposes of this study are to: compare the clinical effectiveness of a traditional and a medical model of periodontal therapy; and determine the value of the two approaches to periodontal therapy.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of gum infection on parameters of cardio-vascular disease.

In Phase II trials, treatment with ketorolac tromethamine oral rinse has been shown to block periodontal disease progression even in the absence of standard clinical intervention such as scaling and root planing which is routinely done to reduce the periodontal pathogen load that is driving the local destructive host inflammatory response. Resolution of periodontal disease has a favorable effect on normalizing the cellular and biochemical indices of inflammation as reflected by histological changes as well as the levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin I beta (IL-1beta). In this trial, we will prospectively evaluate if eliminating the inflammatory process (via inhibition of PGE2 biosynthesis) in the oral cavity has a favorable impact on reversing oropharyngeal leukoplakia. To test this hypothesis, up to 57 prospectively identified individuals with objective findings of oropharyngeal leukoplakia will be randomized to receive either a mouth rinse containing ketorolac or placebo. Ketorolac is a 7-fold selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), which has been designed for local delivery to maximize the drug exposure to critical oral target tissues while minimizing gastric and systemic exposure to the drug. All responses will be determined at the three month completion of trial using the response criteria developed at MD Anderson Cancer Center. The drug will be given for three months and then all the patients will be followed for one additional month off all oral treatment to observe for late side effects. Based on the analysis of oral exam and photographically documented change in the pretreatment area of leukoplakia, the response of all patients will be determined. The evaluation of the outcome will include a measurable secondary endpoint consisting of an assessment of histological change as determined by serial punch biopsies of the oral cavity. In addition, a panel of carcinogenesis and inflammatory markers will be serially measured at baseline, at one month follow up or at study conclusion. In the residual tissue, other bioassays will be evaluated to determine their suitability as intermediate endpoint markers. The purpose of this study is a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of ketorolac as a potential chemoprevention agent for oropharyngeal cancer. If ketorolac administration in this preliminary Phase IIB trial is associated with reversal of leukoplakia, then a definitive Phase III chemoprevention trial with a cancer reduction endpoint (most likely in a cooperative group-type setting) may be the next validation step.

Background: Melatonin is an endogenous indoleamine synthesized mainly by pineal gland and showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Moreover, melatonin promotes osteoblastic differentiation and suppresses osteoclastic formation. This randomized clinical trial (RCT) was aimed to assess the additive effect of melatonin supplementation in generalized chronic periodontitis (gCP) patients with insomnia who received scaling and root planing (SRP). Methods: Seventy four gCP patients with primary insomnia participated in this 6-month RCT and randomly distributed between two groups. Melatonin group (MTN+SRP group, n=38) included patients who were subjected to SRP with a 2- month regimen of 10 mg oral melatonin supplementation capsule once daily at bed-time. In the control group (Placebo+SRP group, n=36), SRP was performed for participants provided with matching placebo capsules. The primary treatment outcome included the clinical attachment gain (CAG) after 3 and 6 months of therapy, whereas, the changes in pocket depth ,bleeding on probing (BOP%) and salivary tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels represented the secondary outcomes.

The premise of the relationship between the atherosclerotic process of coronary artery disease and periodontal disease is the immunoinflammatory process, which causes a significant increase in serum concentration of mannose-binding lectin. This protein is part of the innate immunity and has the ability to bind to the mannose residues common to various pathogens. Animal studies also showed that increased serum concentration of sirtuin-1 was associated with reduced inflammation. Evidence indicates that sirtuin-1 plays an important role in vascular protection and is associated with aging. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the influence of non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease on the serum concentration of mannose-binding lectin and sirtuin-1 in patients with periodontal disease and coronary artery disease. METHODS: Seventy-eight patients, 38 women and 40 men, mean age 58 ± 8 years old, were divided into 4 groups: 20 healthy subjects (group 1), 18 patients with coronary artery disease and without periodontal disease (group 2), 20 patients with periodontal disease and without coronary artery disease (group 3) and 20 patients with coronary artery disease and periodontal disease (group 4). Peripheral blood samples were collected at the beginning and at the end of the treatment of periodontal disease.

Unfavorable systemic conditions condition a low resistance of the host to the virulence of the aggressive agent, causing in a periodontal disease and may lead to difficulties in the therapeutic response. The longer the duration of diabetes, it is suggested that greater severity of periodontal disease and loss of insertion. The objective of the present study will be to evaluate the clinical, microbial and immunological characteristics in diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis submitted to non-surgical periodontal treatment. Will be 120 individuals with chronic periodontitis, including 60 type 2 diabetic subjects and 60 healthy should receive and have access to the informed consent form. Medical and dental clinical examination should be performed and evaluation microbial and immunological properties of gingival fluid and saliva respectively. Non-surgical periodontal therapy with subgingival scaling should be performed in all individuals who will be evaluated at two times: at the beginning and after 90 days of the periodontal therapy with new performing clinical exams and collecting oral samples, oral hygiene instructions will be addressed in two sessions. The data will be subjected to appropriate statistical tests and shall provide a comparison between the times. There seems to be a relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease and studies that provide the implementation of therapy are essential for clarifying the relationship.

The aim of this study is to compare quadrant scaling and root planing (Q-SRP) versus full-mouth treatment (FM-SRP) in terms of acute-phase responses following no surgical periodontal treatment in obese patients affected by periodontitis.