Active clinical trials for "Periodontal Diseases"

Methods: 100 consecutive patients with their first ever ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study. 56 randomly selected patients were subjected to stimulation of salivation, the remaining patients were not stimulated. The severity of the neurological condition was assessed using the NIHSS scale on days 1, 3 and 7 of stroke. The incidence of periodontal diseases was classified using the Hall's scale in the 1st day of stroke. On days 1 and 7 of stroke, the concentration of IL-1beta, MMP8, OPG and RANKL in the patients' saliva was assessed using the Elisa technique. At the same time, the level of CRP and the number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood were tested on days 1, 3 and 7 of the stroke, and the incidence of upper respiratory and urinary tract infections was assessed.

Periodontitis is an immunoinflammatory disease caused by microorganisms leading to sequential loss of the supporting structures of periodontium, resulting in periodontal pocket formation, gingival recession eventually leading to tooth loss.[1] A bacterial plaque is formed during the destructive changes of the periodontium which initiates a host of inflammatory and immune responses.[2] These inflammatory responses may also cause an increase in inflammatory activities in atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries resulting in the increased risk of cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction.[3] Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular condition that occurs when there is deprivation of oxygen in the heart muscle is due to the sudden interruption of the blood supply resulting from the coronary artery blockage by a plaque causing myocardial ischemia and cell death. Inflammation is pivotal in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Various cytokines and chemokines are released during inflammation.[4] These inflammatory markers may have diagnostic potential for the detection of various inflammatory diseases.[5] Macrophages secrete macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) which recruits inflammatory cells, inhibits stem cells, and activates bone resorption cells.[6] Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is produced in response to tissue injury and infection and contributes to the differentiation of B cells, the proliferation of T cells, and bone resorption.[7] The levels of these inflammatory markers are seen to be increased in inflammatory conditions, which include myocardial infarction and stage 4 periodontitis. Therefore, this study aims to assess the levels of these inflammatory markers in patients with myocardial infarction and periodontitis.

Visfatin is an adipokine that plays an important role in immune functions as a growth factor, enzyme, and proinflammatory mediator. The investigators aimed to determine the levels of visfatin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in both obese/non-obese patients, with/without generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP). Patients were categorized as obese (O) (n=31) or non-obese (nO) (n=19). Groups were divided into four subgroups according to periodontal conditions: (1) periodontally healthy without obesity (nO-Ctrl); (2) GCP without obesity (nO-CP); (3) periodontally healthy with obesity (O-Ctrl); and (4) GCP with obesity (O-CP). Demographic variables and anthropometric and laboratory data were recorded. Periodontal measurements were recorded at baseline and 3rd months after either non-surgical periodontal treatment or calorie restricted diet therapy. At the same time GCF samples were taken from patients to analyze TNF-alpha, IL-6, and visfatin levels.

This study investigates the differences between subjects with and without periodontitis in: the prevalence of (pre)diabetes mellitus, the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate visfatin levels in different stages of periodontal diseases and health, moreover the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on visfatin levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) and Serum.

Periodontal disease refers to inflammatory disease of the periodontium caused by the host and/or pathogenic microorganisms. Anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines play a role in the periodontal inflammation process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of hepcidin, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and in serum samples obtained from individuals with periodontal inflammation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of an AI dental monitoring intervention on patients' periodontal disease, preventive behaviors and motivation. This randomized controlled trial included experimental group: AI group (EG-A), AI-humanized group (EG-B) and control group(CG), respectively. The EG-A and EG-B received AI dental monitoring intervention by taking mouth image at home once a week for six month. Baseline and follow-up surveys were used to collect the data in periodontal index, periodontal preventive behavior and motivation.

The aims of this research are to determine if vertical bitewings will be more effective and more comprehensive for the diagnosis of caries and the level of alveolar bone loss than the horizontal bitewing technique for the patients at King Abdulaziz University over the age of 18. This is a cross sectional study. All the images in this study will be conducted at School of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University. Each patients will be exposed to 4 horizontal bitewing for posterior teeth ( standard of care ) and 4 vertical bitewing for the same area ( experimental ). The radiographs will be processed digitally. All the x ray will be taken using the standard protection protocol.

Periodontal disease is an infectious pathology that consists of the destruction of the gums and supporting structures around the teeth. There are several mechanisms involved in this process. In healthy conditions there is a balance between the bacteria present in the gums and the defence mechanisms of the host to fight the disease. One of the substances involved in favouring this protective mechanism is a peptide called LL-37. The aim of this study is to find out more about the rol of this peptide during this process by using a non invasive method of analysis consisting of analysing some samples of the fluid existing between the gums and the teeth. This clinical study will take place at the University Clinic at the University Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcon (Madrid), Spain. Patients that attend the clinic suffering from gum disease will be offered the possibility to participate in this study. A full questionnaire indicating the risks and benefits of participating in the study as well as the management of confidential personal data will be discussed with the participants in full detail. Full consent will be sought before commencing the study. Firstly, all participants will receive a through periodontal (gum) examination to assess if they suffer from periodontal disease and to what extent (severity). Based on this preliminary data, patients will be classified in different categories. Patients will be divided in two groups: 30 Healthy patients (no signs of periodontitis) 30 Periodontal patients (subdivided in 2 groups of 30, depending of the severity of their disease: 15 patients with Stage I-II periodontitis (mild/moderate) 15 patients with Stage III-IV periodontitis (severe). The intervention will consist on taking samples of crevicular fluid (the fluid found in the space between the gum and the root of the tooth) to quantify the presence of LL-37 as well as IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, which seems to be associated with the defence mechanisms (immunity) of the host against periodontal disease. These samples will be analysed in the laboratory by using some specific procedure called ELISA. All patients from the test group will receive a basic course of periodontal treatment (root scale and polish), which is intended to remove the bacteria causing the disease from the space between the gums and the roots (periodontal pocket). Samples of crevicular fluid will be obtained before commencing the treatment. After 4-6 weeks, a new periodontal examination will take place to assess if there is an improvement of the condition and also to quantify the levels of LL-37, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10. The findings of this study will help to understand the role of this peptide in the defence mechanism of the host against periodontal disease. This could ultimately serve to develop new therapies that could include the use of this peptide in addition to the routine periodontal treatment prescribed to improve the healing conditions of the patient against periodontal disease.

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory process that can result in tooth loss and also is considered a modifying factor for systemic health. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 is the major collagenase of periodontal tissue breakdown. The aim of the present study is to analyze active (aMMP-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva and serum in the context of new criteria of gingivitis and stage 3 grade C periodontitis.