Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia, Viral"

It has been reported that nearly half of the patients who are hospitalized for Covid-19 pneumonia have on admission old age or comorbidities. In particular, hypertension was present in 30% of the cases, diabetes in 19%, coronary heart disease in 8% and chronic obstructive lung disease in 3% of the patients. Amazingly, in the two major studies published in the Lancet (Zhou F et al Lancet 2020) and in the New England Journal of Medicine (Guan W et al 2020), the weight of the subjects as well their body mass index (BMI) were omitted. However, obesity, alone or in association with diabetes, can be a major predisposition factor for Covid-19 infection. The primary end-point of our prospective, observational study is to assess the recovery rate in patients with diagnosis of Covid-19 pneumonia. Among the other secondary end-points, we intend to find the predictors of the time to clinical improvement or hospital discharge in patients affected by Covid-19 pneumonia.

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 clinically presents with pneumonia, characterised by fever, cough, dyspnea. The severity of the disease varies widely with evidence of mild disease in the majority of confirmed cases, severe pneumonia-dyspnea, hypoxia or lung involvement at imaging within 24-48 hours- and critical disease with respiratory failure, shock or multi-organ failure in particular patient cohorts. Imaging plays a key role is diagnosis and progression of this disease.

Interferon gamma is a powerful endogenous regulatory cytokine that activates the antiviral immune response, while it also has its own antiviral activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed treatment regimen with Ingaron (INN: recombinant interferon gamma human, lyophilisate for preparing a solution for intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of 500,000 IU) in patients with viral pneumonia.

The purpose of this study is to find out whether adjunct treatment with inhaled corticosteroids lead to faster improvement and reduce mortality of children under 5 years of age admitted to hospital with ALRI.

Novel Coronavirus 2019 Disease (COVID-19) mortality is highly associated with viral pneumonia and its complications. Accurate and prompt diagnosis shown to be effective to improve outcome by providing early treatment strategies. While chest X-ray (CXR) and computerized tomography (CT) are defined as gold standard, given the advantage of being an ionized radiation free, practical technique point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is also reported as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19. There are limited studies regarding the importance of POCUS in diagnosis and review of COVID-19. Therefore the aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of bedside lung ultrasound on diagnosis of COVID-19 for patients admitted to emergency department .

Molecular testing (e.g PCR) of respiratory tract samples is the recommended method for the identification and laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 cases. Recent evidence reported that the diagnostic accuracy of many of the available RT-PCR tests for detecting SARS-CoV2 may be lower than optimal. Of course, the economical and clinical implications of diagnostic errors are of foremost significance and in case of infectious outbreaks, namely pandemics, the repercussions are amplified. False positives and false-negative results may jeopardize the health of a single patient and may affect the efficacy of containment of the outbreak and of public health policies. In particular, false-negative results contribute to the ongoing of the infection causing further spread of the virus within the community, masking also other potentially infected people.

This is a randomised controlled experiment in the form of a web based survey study which randomly exposes participants to different forms of public health messages, after which participants will be assessed on their intent to take up the COVID-19 vaccine, recommend the vaccine, and also willingness to propagate the exposed message.

This study aims to determine whether patients with different real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), chest computed tomography (CT) and laboratory findings have different clinical outcomes.

COVID-19 infection is the cause of the current pandemic, responsible for loss of life and disability at a rate unseen before. Among survivors, the infection may cause lasting damage, such as permanent loss of lung function. This study aims to investigate if pulmonary rehabilitation done via supportive devices may reduce or prevent lung function injury. Patients will be chosen among COVID-19 patients who require hospitalization. Patients then will be divided into two groups, those who had used said devices, and compare them to those who had not used them for any reason. After a month, two groups will be evaluated by respiratory function tests, which are expected to provide the results required for a proper comparison. Pulmonary rehabilitation provided by the supportive devices is expected to either lessen or eliminate a loss of pulmonary function over time, compared to the group who did not use them.

In the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, imaging studies proved its diagnostic utility to determine the severity of lung involvement. Computed tomography (CT) is a state-of-the-art study proven to be a highly sensitive diagnostic test complemented by RT-PCR testing to determine the disease and the degree of severity. In March 2020, the Dutch Society of Radiology developed a standardized assessment scheme for COVID-19 lung disease, called CO-RADS. This system proposes a level of suspicion of pulmonary involvement of COVID-19, based on the simple chest tomography findings. The level of suspicion ranges from very low (CO-RADS 1) to very high (CO-RADS 5), with two additional categories involving a technically deficient study (CO-RADS 0) and a positive RT-PCR test for SARS -CoV-2 known before tomography (CO-RADS 6). For its part, acute respiratory damage secondary to SARS-COV2 pneumonia causes acute respiratory distress syndrome, which warrants immediate medical attention. During the evaluation and triage of patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-COV2 infection, it is a challenge for health personnel given that the severity and clinical presentation is highly variable. The patient's risk stratification is carried out using previously established and validated risk scales and is a fundamental tool for making clinical decisions. Some of the risk indices and scales have been developed and used in the pandemic epicenters, such as China and Europe. Useful for the clinician is the national early warning scale (NEWS 2), severe disease risk assessment score (COVID-GRAM), the rapid severity index for COVID-19 (qCSI), evaluation score of Modified sequential organ failure (mSOFA), the sepsis-induced coagulopathy score (SIC), the ROX index as a predictor of success to the high-flow nasal cannula. The evaluation of the risk of thrombotic complications such as the Padua risk, of cardiac complications such as QT segment prolongation, through the Tisdale risk score. Risk stratification is essential in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation; upon admission, the clinician will discern if the patient requires in-hospital medical treatment, the risk of severe disease, and progression to assisted mechanical ventilation. This work aims to establish whether the severity of the findings identified by cardiac tomography upon admission and the risk established by the different established prognostic indices.