Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

Objective: The effect of weekly professional oral care on the composition of the oral flora in dentate, dependent elderly residents was followed during a 12-month period. Background: Long-term, regular professional oral hygiene care reduces the total number of microorganisms and oral disease-related microorganisms. Less is known about the effect on the quality/composition of the remaining oral flora. Materials and methods: Thirty-three subjects were included in the study group and 35 in the control group. Dental status, presence of supragingival-plaque, labial minor gland secretion rate, and prescription medicines were recorded. Microbial samples, collected from supragingival plaque and the dorsum of the tongue, were analyzed using cultivation technique.

The study goal consists in the sequential collection of exhaled breath condensates (EBC) from patients receiving invasive ventilation. Subsequent Raman spectroscopy aims at the identification of putative biomarkers that could enable rapid early distinction of Ventilator-associated pneumonia.

This study aims to assess the feasibility of using an intervention for environmental smoke exposure in children that uses cotinine testing results with written materials and telephone counseling for a potential future study of parents whose children are admitted with respiratory illnesses to The Barbara Bush Children's Hospital in Portland, Maine.

In France, despite the implementation of bundles to prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the last decades, the VAP incidence remains high above 10 per cent. In the last american recommendations of VAP prevention, the drainage of subglottic secretions (SSD) has been notified among the "basic practices" to prevent VAP. Nevertheless, the diffusion of SSD in ICUs remains limited. This situation is largely due to the initial overcost of the specific endotracheal tubes allowing SSD and to the unavailability of these devices in medical units in which patients are intubated before the ICU admission. So, this pragmatical cluster randomized and cross-over study evaluates the medico-economic impact of the subglottic secretions drainage in addition to VAP prevention bundles in ICU.

The primary objective of this study is to determine if lung ultrasound (LUS) can replace chest x-ray (CXR) when evaluating patients with possible pneumonia. Specifically, we are looking for an overall reduction of CXR when LUS is used first. Our null hypothesis is that LUS cannot replace CXR for diagnosing pneumonia. Our alternate hypothesis is that LUS can replace CXR for diagnosing pneumonia. Our secondary objectives include: (1) a comparison of unscheduled healthcare visits after the index Emergency Department (ED) visit between those subjects who undergo CXR first and those who undergo LUS first, (2) an evaluation of the rate of antibiotic use between the two groups, (3) a comparison of the admission rates, and (4) a comparison of the length of stay in the Emergency Department between the two groups.

Background: The aspiration of contaminated secretions pooled above the endotracheal tube cuff secondary to inadvertent falls of cuff pressure is the main pathogenic mechanism of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Aim of the study: To assess the efficacy of an automatic device for the continuous regulation of tracheal tube cuff pressure in decreasing the incidence of VAP.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate effect or fortifying milk with pre and probiotics or with micronutrients on prevention of diarrhea, pneumonia and other childhood illnesses and improvement in growth and development.

Children with malnutrition are often low in some nutrients, like zinc or vitamin A, that could help them fight off infections like pneumonia. Our study was designed to see if children who got supplements of zinc or vitamin A had fewer infections.

Streptococcus pneumoniae, also known as Pneumococcus, is a common cause of pneumonia in transplant patients. There has been a vaccine available for this infection called Pneumovax. Recently, a new vaccine for this infection called Prevnar has been developed which may be more effective. Vaccinating the bone marrow donor before transplant may boost the recipient's immune response to the vaccine after transplant. This study is done to compare how vaccinating the donor with one of the vaccines will affect the recipient's immune system response to the vaccine.

To determine the effect of methylprednisolone on respiratory failure in HIV-infected patients with presumed or confirmed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who are stratified for presence or absence of respiratory failure at the time of randomization to the study.