Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

The purpose of the survey is to study the followings under practical use, regarding the safety and effectiveness in high-dose administration (exceeding 6 g per day) of UNASYN-S and UNASYN-S KIT for intravenous use (UNASYN). Adverse Drug Reaction(s) that cannot be expected from precautions (Unexpected Adverse Drug Reaction) Incidence status of adverse drug reactions Factors that may affect the safety and effectiveness

There is an urgent need to control our current national outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). The purpose of this study is to eradicate CRKP gastrointestinal carriage using selective digestive decontamination (SDD); with buccal and oral gentamicin and polymyxin E administration. This will reduce infections and hopefully mortality caused by CRKP.

This study will determine if rhubarb will reduced the incidence of pneumonia and improved recovery from an acute stroke. The study is designed to look at both infection rate and overall recovery and recovery of motor function, for example muscle strength and coordination.

The purpose of this study is to test a new method for diagnosing and monitoring Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, which is a major killer among ICU patients. The method requires analysis of a small amount of the patient's blood for concentration of a hormone called Procalcitonin.

This study looks at the usage of human antibiotics for treatment of animals in Bangladesh.

To test the association between anti-Chlamydia serum titers and anti-Mycoplasma antibodies with Acute Coronary Syndromes.

The purpose of this study is to see how often Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) occurs in HIV-positive patients who have stopped taking medications that help prevent PCP. The risk of developing PCP may be decreased when an HIV-positive patient's CD4 cell counts (cells of the immune system which fight infection) are more than 200 cells/mm3. This study looks at whether it is acceptable to stop PCP prevention treatment in these patients.

The leading cause of severe respiratory disease and death in young children is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). An estimated one-fifth of global childhood pneumococcal-related deaths occurred in India. The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is a primary prevention tool against pneumococcal disease that is safe and effective and has been in use in many countries. In alignment with the Government of India's rollout of PCV sub-nationally in selected districts and states, this two-year observational study will use a non-interventional, observational prospective study design to evaluate the impact of PCV in 7 sites in India (5 hospitals and 2 community sites) by assessing clinical and serotype-specific outcomes that include hospitalized pneumonia and community pneumococcal carriage. A sub-study to assess the cost of illness of pneumonia will also be conducted. This study is anticipated to provide data to support sustainability of PCV expansion and disease surveillance in India.

Pneumonia in Pakistan continues to be the leading killer of children under five. Although various national and provincial programs have tried to tackle this but they have not been able to achieve the desired outcomes. Additionally, there has been limited in depth evaluation of the practices of pneumonia management at various levels of the community. The investigators, therefore, aim to establish an understanding of pneumonia case management at three levels of healthcare - community, first level care facility and practitioner level. This will be conducted through observations of pneumonia case managements practices of healthcare providers at these three levels across the country by simulated patients. Observation checklists will be developed incorporating settings and behaviors. Observation sites will be randomly selected with 32 observations made in each province. The results of this study will yield the ground reality of pneumonia case management in Pakistan. Based on the results of this study, strategies can be devised to improve case management within the community with models of regular monitoring and supervision.

Background: Infections associated with mechanical ventilation are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, which results not only in an increase in hospitalization days and care costs, but also in an increase in DALYS (years of life disability adjustment) in the population. Critically ill patients have a high risk of infection as a result of underlying immunodeficiency, comorbidity and placement of invasive devices (such as endotracheal tubes and intravascular devices). Infections in these patients constitute a challenge for hospital authorities, as they are considered a social and economic problem that influences the quality of care, in a system where health services are increasingly affected by high patient care costs and the reduction of public spending. The decrease in the number of bacteria in the oral cavity reduces the presence of microorganisms available for translocation and colonization of the lower respiratory tract; Therefore, performing oral care intervention is considered an economically attractive method to reduce the risk of developing infections associated with endotracheal intubation. In our environment, oral cleaning is performed as part of the nursing care package granted to all patients of the ICU, however, there is no standardized method among nursing staff that guarantees the desired prevention. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mouth-rinse with 0.12% chlorhexidine to prevent infections associated with mechanical ventilation in patients in the intensive care unit in a third level hospital in Mérida, Yucatán. Hypothesis: Mouth-rinse with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice daily more effective and safe than mouthwash with bicarbonated isotonic solution twice daily to prevent infections associated with mechanical ventilation in patients in the intensive care unit of a hospital third level. Methodology: Double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial with active substance for the evaluation of the non-inferiority of the efficacy and safety of mouthwash with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice daily compared to isotonic bicarbonated solution twice daily for the prevention of any infection associated with mechanical ventilation in patients requiring endotracheal intubation in the intensive care unit of a third level hospital.