Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

Primary: To compare the toxicity of daily versus weekly dapsone in HIV-infected infants and children; to study the pharmacokinetics of orally administered dapsone in HIV-infected infants and children. Secondary: To obtain information on the rate of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) breakthrough in children receiving two different dose regimens of dapsone. Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) is recommended for all HIV-infected children considered to be at high risk. Approximately 15 percent of children are intolerant to trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole, the first choice drug for PCP prophylaxis. Since many children are also unable to take or tolerate aerosolized pentamidine, dapsone is a second choice for PCP prophylaxis. The most favorable dose regimen for dapsone has not been established.

The purpose of this study is to determine if using e-cigarettes (ECIG) rather than regular tobacco cigarettes alters lung inflammation in people with and without HIV. The study is also interested in asking subjects their opinion on the use of ECIG and how they make them feel. This study is for research purposes only and is not intended to treat asthma or HIV or to modify tobacco use.

The mortality burden of trauma in the United States is substantial, and is currently the leading cause of death in warfare and in civilians below age 45. Infection and sepsis are leading causes of morbidity and death in early survivors. Pneumonia (PNA) occurs in 17-36% of ventilated trauma patients; far more than non-trauma patients. The long held dogmatic notion of a mechanical predisposition to development of pneumonia in trauma has lacked robust support. However, there is evidence of the innate immune response to injury plays a major role in increasing susceptibility to infection. This application is for support of a Focused Program Award addressing the role that "danger signaling" due to "danger associated molecular patterns" (or DAMPs) derived from somatic tissue injuries play in altering innate immune signaling in the lung in ways that predisposes to PNA. This innate immune response plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of lung inflammation. The organization of the Focused Program Award is into six Projects with collaborators from the Departments of Surgery, Medicine and Anesthesiology at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; the Department of Surgery at Brigham and Women's Hospital and the Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The human subjects interaction portion of this project is covered in the Human Subjects & Samples Project of the Award, although the information and tissues obtained from this Project will be shared with the other Projects, and the activities planned for those Projects are outlined in this application.

The mortality rate and quality of life is effected in patients with pneumonia, especially in the older population. The end point of this study is to improve quality of life by and interventional exercise and education. Patients will be randomized at admission and enrolled into the study. They will be assessed with various performance and quality of life indicators before, during and after the study, and exercise tolerance will be assessed throughout and after.

This trial studies the side effects and how well nintedanib works compared to a placebo in treating against radiation-induced pneumonitis (inflammation of the lungs) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer that cannot be removed by surgery and are undergoing chemoradiation therapy. Nintedanib may help shrink or slow the growth of radiation-induced pneumonitis by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cells to grow and may prevent the growth of new blood vessels. It may also help reduce the recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer.

This study evaluates the addition of a novel mask (nasal reservoir cannula) to a standard nasal cannula during supplemental oxygenation for the treatment of hospitalized pediatric patients with hypoxemia due to severe pneumonia. Half of patients (Group A) will receive oxygen for 1 hour using a novel mask (nasal reservoir cannula) plus standard nasal cannula (Period 1), followed by a 1-hour period of continued use of the standard nasal cannula delivery (Period 2). Half of patients (Group B) will receive oxygen for 1 hour using a standard nasal cannula (Period 1), followed by a 1-hour period of continued use of the novel mask (nasal reservoir cannula) plus standard nasal cannula (Period 2).

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the noninvasive ventilation is more effective in the treatment of severe comunity acquired pneumonia in comparison with the conventional mechanical ventilation with orotracheal intubation.

This is a multicenter, multinational, open label single dose pharmacokinetic (PK) study enrolling at least 32 subjects. The study aims to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of a single intravenous dose of CAZ AVI in pediatric subjects aged 3 months to less than 18 years who are receiving systemic antibiotic therapy for suspected or confirmed nosocomial pneumonia, including ventilator associated pneumonia.

The purpose of the study is to determine whether the effect of treating Candida spp. isolated in the respiratory tract secretions of patients with a clinical suspicion of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) on clinical outcomes will be feasible and supported by biomarker data obtained.

This phase II expanded access trial will study how well tocilizumab works in reducing the serious symptoms including pneumonitis (severe acute respiratory distress) in patients with cancer and COVID-19. COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. COVID-19 can be associated with an inflammatory response by the immune system which may also cause symptoms of COVID-19 to worsen. This inflammation may be called "cytokine storm," which can cause widespread problems in the body. Tocilizumab is a medicine designed to block the action of a protein called interleukin-6 (IL-6) that is involved with the immune system and is known to be a key factor for problems with excessive inflammation. Tocilizumab is effective in treating "cytokine storm" from a type of cancer immunotherapy and may be effective in reducing the inflammatory response and "cytokine storm" seen in severe COVID-19 disease. Treating the inflammation may help to reduce symptoms, improve the ability to breathe without a breathing machine (ventilator), and prevent patients from having more complications.