Active clinical trials for "Poisoning"

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic lead exposure on iron metabolism and the Nrf2-dependent ferroptosis pathway in lead acid battery factory workers

This prospective cohort study enrolls subjects who experience carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. The purpose of the study is to evaluate therapeutic effects of various treatments and short and long-term outcomes in CO poisoned patients. In addition, complications of brain and heart susceptible to CO are investigated through various ways and the association between complications and the patient's prognosis is also investigated. All subjects will be regularly monitored by physicians participating in this study.

Clozapine is a dibenzodiazepine that is used atypical antipsychotic drug. Clozapine-induced cytotoxicity could be attributed to increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) that oxidize mitochondrial proteins and disrupt cellular respiration. L-Carnitine (4-N-trimethylammonium-3-hydroxybutyric acid) is an endogenous mitochondrial membrane compound that is essential for the normal functions of mitochondria. L-Carnitine is an effective ROS scavenger that prevents lipid peroxidation. In an animal study, it was observed that clozapine decrease L-Carnitine level in plasma which results in metabolic disorders. Subsequently, the use of supplementation L-Carnitine was recommended to attenuate clozapine-induced side effects. An in-vitro study investigated the cytotoxic effects of clozapine on human lymphocytes and the possible protective role of L-Carnitine, the results revealed that clozapine-induced cytotoxicity attributed to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction which significantly improved upon L-Carnitine administration. In clinical toxicology, acute clozapine toxicity results in significant morbidities and mortalities in absence of a specific antidote. Therefore, it is essential to adopt pharmaceutical intervention based on the proposed mechanism of clozapine-induced cytotoxicity. The objective of the current research is to assess the potential beneficial effects of L-Carnitine on the acute clozapine poisoning outcome. The study will include patients with moderate and severe acute clozapine poisoning. The patient's condition will be assessed on admission using a Poisoning Severity Score. Patients with acute clozapine poisoning will be assigned randomly into two groups; the Conventional group and the L-Carnitine group. Then, all patients will be closely followed up for vital signs, Glasgow Coma Scale, and Electrocardiogram. Clinical and laboratory reassessments will be performed. Lastly, the outcomes will be assessed and statistical analysis of the results will be performed. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University. This Ethics Committee is constituted and operates according to ICH GCP Guidelines and applicable local and institutional regulations and guidelines that govern the Ethics Committees operation. Written informed consent will be obtained from clozapine-intoxicated patients or their guardians (minors or those with disturbed mental status). Full details regarding the study's aim and procedures will be provided to all participants. A code number will be assigned to ensure confidentiality and anonymous analysis of data.

Develop and evaluate the effectiveness of multi-level participatory interventions in reducing arsenic exposure among American Indian (AI) communities from North and South Dakota who participated in the Strong Heart Study (SHS).

Aim of the study: To assess the role of intralipid emulsion in the acute man-agement of organophosphorus toxicity and its benefits in de-creasing mortality rates among victims.

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning results in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. CO is described as a "silent killer" because CO is colorless, odorless, and tasteless but highly toxic. The diagnosis of acute CO poisoning depends on the history of exposure to a source of fire in a closed space along with the clinical and laboratory findings. The pathophysiology of CO poisoning is not fully understood; however, it is proved that CO induces hypoxia by forming carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and shifting the oxygen dissociation curve to the left. The molecular mechanisms of CO poisoning include oxidative injury through the generation of free radicals. In addition, oxygen therapy might enhance the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and result in reperfusion injury. Free radicals could induce a serious impact on vital organs, including the heart, and brain. L-Carnitine is an endogenous mitochondrial constituent that contributes to normal mitochondrial activities. L-Carnitine is an antioxidant with potent ROS scavenging ability. ROS-mediated pathology of CO suggests that antioxidants are potentially useful agents in the alleviation of CO toxicity. Thus, the current study will investigate the therapeutic efficacy of L-Carnitine in improving the prognosis of acute CO poisoning. The current clinical trial will include patients with moderate and severe acute carbon monoxide poisoning according to Poisoning Severity Score.

This study aims to investigate whether the use of medical checklists in the emergency department can decrease resuscitation time in critically ill patients.

Paraquat is a common human toxicant and accounts for 20 deaths per million persons in the world. Paraquat usually cause multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, including liver, kidney, lung and heart dysfunction. Besides, pituitary insufficiency also occurs on those patients with paraquat poisoning, which leads to multiple endocrine gland dysfunction, involving adrenal gland, thyroid and sex gland. As a result, the investigators decide to initiate the clinical trial to find whether thyroid replacement therapy can furtherly reduce the mortality, and improve patients long-term prognosis.

The study will systematically evaluate how an emergency manual-a collection of checklists and fact sheets-affects the performance of resuscitation teams during the management of priority one patients in an emergency department.

Despite the initial success of the 1970s Poison Prevention Packaging Act, the incidence of pediatric medication poisonings in the United States remains high. Unintentional pediatric medication ingestions result in significant morbidity and are associated with substantial healthcare use and costs. A majority of these medication poisonings involve a caregivers' medication and are caused by modifiable unsafe storage behaviors. A better understanding of factors associated with pediatric poisonings and safe medication storage behaviors is needed to inform public health policy and develop targeted educational interventions. Furthermore, low-cost, scalable interventions that improve medication storage behaviors and reduce pediatric poisonings are necessary to address this ongoing preventable public health crisis. In preliminary experiments, a baseline evaluation of caregivers demonstrated that they are unlikely to have a locked medication storage device in their home, but would be willing to use a locked device if one was available. Additionally, a follow-up assessment indicated that a majority of caregivers had used their medication over a one-month period. The latter feasibility assessment supports both caregiver willingness to use a safe storage device and demonstrates that a storage device can improve medication storage behaviors in the short-term. Given these findings, we hypothesize that pediatric medication poisonings are due to improper storage, that medication storage behaviors are influenced by demographic and household specific factors, and that medication lockboxes improve safe medication storage behaviors and reduce pediatric poisonings. These hypotheses will be evaluated using the studies in the following Specific Aims: (1) to identify factors associated with pediatric poisonings, (2) to identify factors associated with medication storage behaviors, (3) to evaluate the effect of lockboxes on storage behaviors and pediatric poisonings. Should this exploratory study reveal factors associated with increased risk for pediatric poisoning or with safe medication storage, and should safe medication storage interventions improve modifiable storage behaviors or show a reduction in pediatric poisonings, the results will be used to inform targeted public health campaigns and to develop a low-cost, scalable national program for improving safe medication storage and reducing pediatric poisonings.