Active clinical trials for "Post-Dural Puncture Headache"

Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a severe, debilitating complication of dural puncture that can arise from insertion of an epidural or spinal needle for labour analgesia. Presently, the conservative treatment options for PDPH have limited effectiveness and the gold standard treatment for PDPH, an epidural blood patch, is an invasive intervention with the potential for serious complications. There is a growing number of case reports and retrospective studies that suggest a sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) with local anesthetic may offer an effective, safe, and easy-to-administer treatment option for PDPH in postpartum patients. We aim to conduct a feasibility study to assess whether a randomized controlled trial is feasible comparing whether early intervention SPGB with the option for repeat, patient self-administered SPGBs versus current standard conservative management can reduce the severity and duration of PDPH pain and improve patient functional status.

Intravenous neostigmine was recently reported as an effective treatment for PDPH for parturients after intrathecal (IT) block which is postulated to be through its central effects on CSF secretion and cerebral vascular tone modulation. Intrathecal neostigmine has been investigated widely and found to be an effective adjuvant to bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia. The objective of the current study is to investigate the possible prophylactic role of intrathecal neostigmine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in reducing the incidence and severity of post-dural puncture headache in parturients scheduled for an elective cesarean section.

Neuraxial blocks continue to be the cornerstone of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for normal vaginal delivery and elective caesarean section due to its approved safety and efficiency for decades. Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is still one of the most common complications of neuraxial anesthetic techniques. The headache could be severe and limit the activities of the new mother to care for her baby, prolong hospital stay. PDPH is defined as a headache that develops within five days of dural puncture and can't be attributed to any other types of headache and mostly is postural in character. Neostigmine methylsulfate is a synthetic carbamic acid ester which reversibly inhibits the enzyme Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) that makes more Acetylcholine molecules available at cholinergic receptors. Neostigmine is used in anesthesia mainly as a reversal for non-depolarizing neuromuscular agents. Intrathecal (IT) neostigmine was tried as an adjuvant to local anesthetics in IT block for elective cesarean sections to decrease local anesthetic consumption and to prolong postoperative analgesia. Side effects of IT neostigmine are dose-dependent with doses more than 25 µg especially nausea and vomiting and could be decreased by increasing the baricities of the local anesthetic solutions and by early head up position after IT injection. However, its effect on PDPH was not investigated before in literature. Parturients will be randomly assigned into one of two groups: the intervention group will receive 20 µg with IT Bupivacaine and the control group will receive an equivalent volume of dextrose 5% with the IT Bupivacaine. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IT neostigmine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in reducing the incidence and severity of post-dural puncture headache in parturients scheduled for an elective cesarean section.

The rates of cesarean section are increasing worldwide despite ten to fifteen percent of World Health Organization recommendation and from which 80-90% of cesarean sections are performed with spinal anesthesia. Post Dural Puncture Headache is the commonest complications associated with spinal anesthesia with prevalence as high as forty percent in Ethiopia. Body of evidence revealed that Conservative managements failed to show significant benefit and epidural needle and catheter techniques didn't provide conclusive evidences. On the other hand, intrathecal injection of normal saline is very safe, simple technique and cost effective in resource limited set up but it is not well examined on its efficacy and safety profiles. The main objective of the study is to assess of efficacy and safety of prophylactic Intrathecal Normal Saline for prevention of Post Dural Puncture Headache in women undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. After Obtaining Ethical clearance from IRB, a Randomized Controlled Trial study will be conducted in Dilla University Referral Hospital from december2019 to December, 2020. 152 mothers scheduled caesarean section under spinal anesthesia fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be allocated into two groups randomly with random sequence generated list obtained from R package (Random Allocation Rule function) software version 3.6.

The purpose of this study is to address the question, "What is the volume of blood for injection at epidural blood patch that most effectively relieves post-dural puncture headache?"

Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is the most common complication following lumbar puncture (LP). The frequency varies widely depending on a number of factors, among which patient characteristics, case ascertainment, gauge and type of needle used are of significant importance. In 2001, Strupp et al. showed that over 12 % of 115 patients who were subjected to diagnostic lumbar puncture with a 22 gg (0.7 mm) atraumatic needle suffered post-dural puncture headache, while over 24 % of 115 who were given a lumbar puncture with a 22 gg traumatic needle suffered a headache. This finding provided the basis for an American recommendation to use a 22 gg atraumatic needle for diagnostic lumbar puncture. A later study with 58 patients has shown an even greater difference (36 % versus 3 % post-dural puncture headache) when an atraumatic needle is used. Despite these findings, European Neurologist continue to hold on to the cutting needle. Here the investigators propose a prospective randomized study design with double masking; neither patient nor evaluator of PDPH aware of the needle design used, and with an active ascertainment of the occurrence of PDPH in accordance with updated headache classification guidelines. The investigators also intend to investigate whether specific neuroinflammatory substances and metabolites (different outcome variables) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) will affect the explanatory variable.

The purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of the SPG block with lidocaine vs. SPG block with placebo on preventing the need for EBP in women who develop PDPH after accidental dural puncture during placement of LEA for labor.

The investigators are attempting to determine a less invasive method of treatment for postdural puncture headaches that can occur after regional anesthesia. The investigators will be evaluating the relief of headache with those subjects receiving treatment with a sphenopalatine ganglion block with bupivacaine versus placebo, evaluating the incidence of epidural blood patch, pain score of headache at 1 hour, then 24, 48, and 72 hours lower with post study treatment versus placebo, and potential side effects of those patients receiving study therapy as well as epidural blood patch.

This study is intended to help guide the choice of needle diameter when performing a lumbar puncture. Smaller spinal needles have been shown to decrease rate of adverse events such as post-lumbar puncture headache and hearing loss. The main drawback to using smaller needles is diminished flow rate; some textbooks recommend using needles no smaller than 22 gauge because of the slow flow rate though others recommend smaller needles, namely 22-24 gauge. Some authors have described a successful use of spinal needles as small as 25 gauge when performing a lumbar puncture. The investigators do not believe that the flow-rate difference between 22 and 24 gauge needles is significant enough to justify using the larger needles. The investigators trial will compare the Whitacre 22 gauge and Whitacre 24 gauge needles for flow rate, and incidence of the known complications of pain during procedure and backache at 8 and 15 days post-procedure. The investigators will also look at whether smaller needles are associated with less pain during the procedure and less backache the next 2 weeks after the procedure.

The main objective of this study is to assess the rate of recurrence of headache following a first blood patch where patients will be positioned in the prone position for an hour after each blood patch needed during this study.