Active clinical trials for "Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting"

The purpose of this study was to compare the antiemetic efficacy of aprepitant plus palonosetron versus aprepitant plus ramosetron in high risk patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common postoperative complications of general anesthesia in pediatrics. Pediatric rates of nausea and vomiting are approximately double those of adult patients. Aromatherapy has recently been shown to reduce PONV in adults, but the effect in paediatric patients is unknown. The goal of this study is to determine the feasibility of a large-scale study in the paediatric population.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most undesirable complications after general anesthesia, and may lead to increased hospital stay and health care costs. The risk factors for PONV include sex (female population), nonsmoking status, past history of motion sickness and/or previous PONV, duration of anesthesia and surgical type (particular gynecologic surgery) and postoperative use of opioids. The overall incidence of PONV has been reported to be 30% with considerable variability, but can increase up to 69%- 80% in women undergoing gynecologic surgery with general anesthesia and morphine-patient controlled analgesia (PCA). Serotonin receptor antagonists (5-HT3) have been suggested one of the first line therapies for preventing PONV because of their efficacy and few side effects compared with other antiemetics. However, despite the use of this treatment, the incidence of PONV has been reported to be between 48 % and 50%. Naloxone is a drug used to counter the effects of opioid. It was found that administration of low dose naloxone prevents opioid side effects such as nausea and pruritus without affecting analgesia or opioid requirements in patient receiving morphine PCA. It was reported that the use of two antiemetic acting at different mechanisms is better to prevent PONV than monotherapy. Therefore, this prospective, randomized, controlled study was designed to investigate the antiemetic efficacy of combination of ramosetron and premixture of naloxone with morphine PCA after gynecologic surgery.

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a single palonosetron IV dose compared to a single ondansetron IV dose in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting through 24 hours after surgery in children aged from neonates up to less than 17 years undergoing elective surgical procedures requiring general intravenous anesthesia. The secondary objective is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of IV palonosetron in pediatric patients.

The effect a ReletexTM device has on postoperative nausea and vomiting when used with ondansetron after foregut surgery will be studied. A ReletexTM device is a FDA approved wristwatch-like device that painlessly stimulates a nerve in the wrist and has been shown to decrease nausea and vomiting. The investigators will randomize 100 patients who are having a fundoplication for either gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), paraesophageal hernia, or Heller Myotomy for achalasia into two groups. A control group will receive scheduled ondansetron for prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting and phenergan as needed. The treatment group will wear a ReletexTM wrist band after surgery for 7 days. These patients will also get scheduled ondansetron and phenergan as needed, like the control group. The investigators will compare nausea, retching, and the amount of supplemental nausea medication used between the two groups. The patients will be provided a diary to document their nausea, retching, and medication use. The hypothesis of this study is that use of the ReletexTM device will reduce post-operative nausea and vomiting, and will reduce post-operative use of anti-emetic medications in patients who have undergone foregut surgery.

Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children after tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy may be as high as 75%. Several medications may prevent and treat PONV, such as steroids, antidopaminergic drugs and serotonin (5-HT3) antagonists. The objective of this study is to compare three prophylactic antiemetic treatments: dexamethasone alone (250 mcg/kg) dexamethasone (250 mcg/kg) + droperidol (10 mcg/kg) dexamethasone (250 mcg/kg) + ondansetron (150 mcg/kg).

Ramosetron and palonosetron are more recently developed 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists and this randomized double blind study was designed to compare efficacy of ramosetron and palonosetron to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. Investigator hypothesized that palonosetron would have stronger and longer lasting antiemetic effect compared with ramosetron and evaluated the patients for the first 48 hours after surgery.

Protocol title: Role of low dose droperidol in postoperative vomiting Purpose: Evaluate the efficacy of droperidol to postoperative nausea and vomiting when administrated at the introduction to anesthesia, prior to surgery Design: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study Patient Population: Male or female subjects 18 years of age or older who are scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy No. of Subjects: 100 patients divided into two groups, estimated up to 6 months to enroll Duration of Treatment: Prior operation Duration of Follow-up: Follow-up will be performed for 24 hours postoperatively Endpoints: To evaluate the effectiveness of low dose droperidol when administered Prior surgery

This is a multicenter, randomized, controlled study in women who are having elective open abdominal surgery with general anesthesia and who are expected to need patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after surgery. The primary objective is to assess the effect of rolapitant in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting as measured by the prevention of vomiting in the first 24 hours after surgery. Participation in the study may last up to 3 months. The total duration of the study will be approximately 36 weeks.

Dexamethasone has been reported to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). However, its effects on other surgical outcomes such as pain and fatigue have been unclear. We evaluated the efficacy of preoperative dexamethasone in ameliorating postoperative symptoms after LC. Methods: Prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 210 patients scheduled for elective LC were analyzed after randomization to intravenous dexamethasone (8 mg) or to a placebo. All patients underwent standardized procedures for general anesthesia and surgery. Episodes of PONV and pain and fatigue scores were recorded on a visual analogue scale. Analgesic and antiemetic requirements were also recorded.