Active clinical trials for "Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting"

The establishment of the Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean protocols resulted in to the production of specific care pathways with the aim of optimizing recovery after cesarean delivery (CD) and to reduce the costs to the health care system. Carbohydrate rich fluids are offered in this aspect to enhance postoperative quality of recovery. The primary aim of this randomised control trial is to assess the impact of pre-operative carbohydrate loading on obstetric quality of recovery after elective cesarean section.

There are ca 900 new cases of kidney cancer in Finland/year. The curative therapy for kidney cancer is partial or total nephrectomy depending on the localization and the size of tumor. Main of these operations are laparoscopic. Epidural analgesia is considered as most effective for the treatment of postoperative pain after open nephrectomy, but after laparoscopic operation parenteral and enteral opioids combined with paracetamol (acetaminophen) usually offer adequate postoperative pain relief. However, the need for opioids postoperatively may be high and side effects, such as sedation and nausea, are common. On the other hand epidural analgesia has some contraindications and risks for serious complications. Nevertheless, inadequately treated acute postoperative pain is considered as one of the main risk factors for persistent postoperative pain. Recently quadratus lumborum block (QLB) has gained popularity in the treatment of postoperative pain after various surgeries in the area from hip to mamilla. It is more beneficial than other peripheral blocks, since it covers also the visceral nerves. A single shot QLB has reported to last up to 48 hours. Perineural dexamethasone added to local anesthetic has been reported to prolong the duration of analgesia of the perineural nerve block, but it's effect on the duration of QLB is not known. 90 kidney cancer patients with planned laparoscopic nephrectomy aging 18-85 will be recruited based on a power calculation. The primary outcome measure is the postoperative cumulative opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes are acute pain (NRS scale), nausea, vomiting, mobilisation and long term outcomes such as quality of life and persistent pain.

Robotic-assisted hysterectomy is an alternative to laparoscopic surgery as part of a minimal invasive regimen. Several treatment strategies are followed to improve the overall outcome and minimize surgical stress. Glucocorticoids provide significant analgesic and antiemetic effects but its role in a fast-track, multi-modal setting is not settled when discharge is planned within 24-36 hours. This study will evaluate in a randomized trial the effect of a single dose of 24 mg dexamethasone on women undergoing robotic-assisted hysterectomy with regard to surgical stress measured by c-reactive protein as primary outcome and, further, other stress markers like white blood cells, Il-6, cortisol, and creatinine kinase. The postoperative recovery will be registered in validated charts and questionnaires for pain and analgesic use, quality of recovery, incontinence, sexual and work life. Furthermore, in a sub-analysis, transcriptional profiling will be applied to explore, which parts of the innate and cellular immune system is activated to explore the mechanisms of surgical stress response. The hypothesis is that women undergoing robotic hysterectomy would benefit from peroperative glucocorticoid treatment on important life qualities like pain, fatigue, freedom of medications and resuming work and sexual activities. Further, future adjuvant peroperative regimens may be able to target the stress response in a more appropriate way

Betamethasone is currently given routinely in conjunction with tonsillectomy surgery at the majority of Ear, Nose & Throat clinics in Sweden. The scientific evidence regarding the effects of betamethasone in adults is limited when it comes to postoperative nausea (PONV), pain and postoperative bleeding.

The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of Dexamethasone on postoperative pain and nausea after periacetabular osteotomy.

Clinical evidence about the effects of cannabis in a perioperative setting or for the management of acute pain is rather scarce, mostly consisting of case report-based opinions on adverse events during or after general anesthesia after smoking cannabis, experimental pain trials in healthy volunteers, and a few clinical trials using different drugs, dosages and routes of administration. It is difficult to draw strong conclusions from the available evidence, that may seem sometimes even contradictory, mainly due -the investigators believe- to the many sources of variability in the study designs (e.g.: heterogeneity of the study samples, underpowered, unblinding, lack of randomization, timing of the therapeutic intervention, different experimental pain models, inclusion of different kind of surgical pain, etc.). Nevertheless, expert's opinion after a critical review of the literature is that cannabis and cannabinoids may have a beneficial role in the management of acute post-operative pain and nausea, at least for a selected group of patients and through an appropriate therapeutic intervention. Therefore, it seems to us pertinent to carry out an investigation in order to re-evaluate the issue of perioperative cannabis use through a sufficiently powered and controlled clinical trial. Some of cannabis effects such as sedation, bronchodilation, dryness of respiratory secretions, vein dilation, and increase of heart rater without producing hypertension, make of it an attractive option for pre-medication; while its antiemetic properties and its analgesic potential without causing respiratory depression may be profitable for the post-operative period. Cannabis oil seem to be most suitable to our investigation. The co-administration of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) with cannabidiol (CBD) may translate into additional therapeutic benefits with an attenuation of adverse effects. The investigators expect to obtain less sedation, milder "high", lower incidence of anxiety, tachycardia, and hyperalgesia, as compared with THC-only acute pain trials.

To compare the anti-nausea and vomiting effect between glycopyrronium and ondansetron for patients receiving elective surgery under general anesthesia. Based on this study the investigators intend to explore the feasibility of using glycopyrronium to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting.

To evaluate the postoperative analgesic effect of combined use of Naldebain® and thoracic paravertebral block in thoracoscopic surgery

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways are designed to optimize perioperative management, improving patient outcomes and satisfaction through multimodal techniques. Living kidney transplant donors are typically healthy individuals who undergo laparoscopic nephrectomy. The most significant hindrance to discharge to return to activities of daily living is frequently return of bowel function and postoperative pain. Through a randomized controlled trial design, we will evaluate the effectiveness of implementing an ERAS pathway. We hypothesize that preoperative patient optimization through exercise, carbohydrate loading, and counseling on expectations, in addition to multimodal pain management strategies which limit opioids would allow faster recovery, early bowel function, decreased postoperative pain, increased patient satisfaction and shorter length of stay. The study population will include a total of 42 patients (age 18-80) who are American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status (PS) 1-3, undergoing living donor nephrectomy. Our primary outcome measures will be postoperative opioid consumption. Secondary outcome measures are: postoperative pain score, time to return of bowel function, ambulation, first oral intake postoperatively, and patient satisfaction scores. Other objectives include reducing readmissions, shorter hospital length of stay and decreased operative complications, including nausea, vomiting and wound infection.

The aim of the study is to compare antiemetic effects between dexmedetomidine and ondansteron in the first group versus dexamethasone and ondansteron in the second group. The primary outcome in this study is incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The secondary outcomes are: The severity of post operative nausea and vomiting. Use of rescue antiemetic drugs. Postoperative pain and sedation.