Active clinical trials for "Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting"

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a multi-modal anesthesia and pain control protocol reduces post-operative and post-discharge nausea and vomiting (PONV and PDNV) in patients undergoing upper jaw corrective surgery.

The purpose of this study is to compare post-cesarean section consumption of pain medication between two groups of patients undergoing scheduled cesarean section at term gestation who receive a single-dose of intraoperative steroid (dexamethasone 8 milligrams) versus placebo at 24 hours after surgery. The hypothesis is that a single perioperative dose of dexamethasone 8 mg will significantly reduce postoperative opioid consumption at 24 h in women having cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia.

Postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting (PONV) are the most common complications after anesthesia and surgery. Women undergoing mastectomy with axillary dissection are at a particularly high risk for the development of PONV and an incidence of 60-80% in patients receiving no antiemetic has been reported. Emetic episodes predispose to aspiration of gastric contents, wound dehiscence, psychological distress, and delayed recovery and discharge times. These justify the use of prophylactic antiemetics in women scheduled for mastectomy. Most of the currently used antiemetics, including antihistamines, butyrophenones and dopamine receptor antagonists have been reported to cause occasional undesirable adverse effects, such as excessive sedation, hypotension, dry mouth, dysphoria, hallucinations and extrapyramidal signs. Antiserotonins (e.g., ondansetron) are available for the prevention and treatment of PONV in patients undergoing various types of surgery [4]. However, the use of prophylactic antiemetic therapy with antiserotonins has been criticized for being too expensive. Dexamethasone was first reported to be an effective antiemetic regimen in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dexamethasone treatment for reducing pain and PONV as well as analgesic and antiemetic requirements in women undergoing general anesthesia for mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection.

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of the use of oral aprepitant in combination with intravenous ondansetron and dexamethasone with the efficacy provided by the use of oral aprepitant and dexamethasone for preventing vomiting during the first 24-48 hours after breast surgery.

Introduction: Current rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) experienced by outpatient surgery patients are as high as 20-30%. Electroacustimulation (EAS) therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in controlling these symptoms, but trials identifying their efficacy in the outpatient surgery population are lacking. This study integrates conventional pharmacotherapy with alternative medicine in prevention of PONV. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty two patients undergoing surgery procedures at an outpatient surgery center were randomized to two treatment arms. The first arm was standardized pharmacologic PONV prevention typical for patients undergoing outpatient surgery, while the second arm employed the use of ReliefBand, an FDA-approved electroacustimulation (EAS) device with pharmacologic treatment to relieve symptoms of PONV and pain. EAS is a derivative of acupuncture therapy that uses a small electrical current to stimulate acupuncture points on the human body and is thought to relieve nausea, vomiting and pain. Outcomes measured were post-op questionnaires evaluating pain and nausea symptoms, emetic events, the need for rescue medications and the time to discharge.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether stimulation to the akupressurpoint P6 with a recently developed bracelet are effective preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), defined as nausea and/or vomiting occurring within 24 hours after surgery, affects between 20% and 30% of patients, As many as 70% to 80% of patients at high risk may be affected. The etiology of PONV is thought to be multifactorial, involving individual, anaesthetic and surgical risk factors. PONV results in increased patient discomfort and dissatisfaction and in increased costs related to length of hospital stay. Serious medical complications such as pulmonary aspiration, although uncommon, are also associated with vomiting. Patients with a higher risk of PONV often require a combination or multimodal approach of 2 or more interventions for effective risk reduction. Thus, researchers have explored additional nontraditional antiemetics, such as midazolam, that would aid in the multimodal prevention of PONV.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) refers to at least one nausea, retching or vomiting after operation, or any combination of the above symptoms. The incidence of PONV in high-risk patients can reach 61%-79%. PONV can not only cause dizziness and headache, but also cause disturbance of acid-base balance of water and electrolyte, wound dehiscence, formation of incisional hernia, aspiration, and aspiration pneumonia, leading to prolonged hospitalization, increased medical expenses, and reduced surgical satisfaction. At present, the guidelines for prevention and treatment of PONV and the consensus of experts suggest that identifying high-risk patients according to Apfel risk score ≥3 points, reducing baseline PONV risks, and implementing multimodal PONV prophylaxis. However, the incidence of PONV in high-risk patients is still as high as 20% even if 2-3 drugs are combined used for prevention and treatment. It is difficult to further reduce the incidence of PONV by adding different kinds or dosages of drugs, while drug-related side effects are increasing gradually. Acupuncture (electroacupuncture, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulationTEAS, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, etc.) is a safe, effective, non-toxic side-effect non-drug treatment method. A large number of studies have confirmed that acupuncture can reduce the incidence of PONV, and it is expected to become an important supplement to drug treatment of PONV, but there are quality defects such as small sample size, inaccurate intervention and so on. At the same time, most acupuncture studies aim to compare the efficacy of PONV with drug therapy, without considering the clinical situation, using acupuncture treatment based on drug standard treatment to further reduce the incidence of PONV, thus limiting the clinical application value of acupuncture. On the basis of standardized drug prevention and treatment of PONV, TEAS will be used to further reduce the incidence of PONV and promote rapid recovery of patients. This study will strongly demonstrate that acupuncture can break through the bottleneck of drug treatment and provide evidence for the application of acupuncture in modern perioperative clinical medicine.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), represents a common condition after surgery and anesthesia. Acupuncture has been used for centuries for analgesia and quality of life improvement in addition to low cost. This study is a random control trial concerning the antiemetic efficacy of acupuncture associated with intravenous antiemetics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in comparison to patients under only antiemetic administration. One hundred patients were enrolled, regardless of their sex, age, and comorbidity and were randomly allocated in one of two groups. Both anesthesia and antiemetic medication were personalized according to each patient's medical history. In the study group, after anesthesia induction and before pneumoperitoneum application, a sterile stainless steel 0,25 x 25mm acupuncture needle was inserted bilaterally at the PC6 for 20 minutes, rotated manually clockwise and then anticlockwise every 5 minutes and then removed. Fisher's exact test was chosen for statistic evaluation. There were 8 PONV cases in the study group against 18 cases in the control group. Fisher's exact test highlighted a p-value of P=0,03, marking the difference between the two groups as statistically significant. Concluding, acupuncture presents a remarkable action against PONV after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LPC). Another remarkable trait of acupuncture is the safety that it offers during application without provoking severe adverse effects. Furthermore, reduced medical costs thanks to decreased postoperative use of antiemetic medication, decreased patients' hospitalization, and reduced re-hospitalization possibility have to be noted. Finally, it has to be mentioned that despite LPC is in general terms painless, the analgesic effects of acupuncture should not be disregarded

Pharyngeal packing is a frequently used application to reduce the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients who undergo nasal surgery. This study aims to research the effects of PP on gastric antral cross-sectional area (ACSA) and hence gastric volume as assessed by ultrasound, therewithal PONV and sore throat were evaluated as secondary outcomes in rhino logic surgeries (Septorhinoplasty, Septoplasty, Functional endoscopic sinus surgery).