Active clinical trials for "Prediabetic State"

To determine whether treatment with the diabetes medication, Januvia (sitagliptin), with or without another diabetes medicine, Actos (pioglitazone), will improve insulin secretion and insulin response individuals with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT), a form of prediabetes.

Prevention of complications in veterans with diabetes depends heavily on assessment of blood glucose and HbA1c. The HbA1c is a blood test that measures the exposure of hemoglobin (Hb) to a person's average blood glucose over the lifespan of a red blood cell (RBC). The test is heavily relied upon as a measure of blood glucose control. It is normally assumed that all people (those with and without diabetes) have a narrow range of red blood cell survival. It has been recently shown that this is not a valid assumption. A more precise test of red blood cell survival, using a biotin label method, demonstrated a substantial difference of red blood cell survival among otherwise normal people. There is sufficient difference in red blood cell survival to alter the estimate of glycemic control from the HbA1c test by as much as 30 per cent. This introduces concern that HbA1c values do not mean the same thing in a significant number of people. Although the evidence is clear that there is variation in RBC survival among people, attributing this variation to differences between individuals depends on answering several simple questions which surprisingly remain unanswered: whether RBC survival is stable over time within an individual and whether blood glucose control affects its stability. Therefore, the goal of the proposed studies is to define these characteristics.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the use of an exercise phone application and a continuous glucose monitor and their impact on metabolic disease in adolescents with obesity, prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Participants will be asked to wear a continuous glucose monitor (Freestyle Libre) and if they are in the intervention group also participate in using an exercise phone application as well as have scheduled interval contact with a health professional in between scheduled clinic visits to assess how they are reaching their goals.

Diabetes mellitus is recognized as a metabolic disease that causes global economic and health burdens with an estimated number of patients 135 million in 1995 to 300 million in 2025. Moreover, the Asia-Pacific region is considered to be on the verge of an emerging diabetes epidemic. Diabetes is associated with numerous comorbidities due to a wide range of complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease, which could lead to premature mortality. Management of diabetes under standard treatment protocol improves quality of life and prevents complications and premature mortality. Pathogenesis of these detrimental complications caused by diabetes is not yet discovered and it is important to reveal epidemiology and mechanisms of diabetes and its complications in order to successfully manage and control diabetes. According to the Committee of the Korean Diabetes Association on the Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus, only about one third of patients with diabetes was found to reach target glycemic control (<7% of HbA1c) and 30.3%, 38.3% and 44.6% of patients found to have microalbuminuria, retinopathy and nephropathy, respectively in tertiary hospitals of Korea in 2006. Also, prevalence of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral artery disease was 8.7%, 6.75 and 3.0%, respectively in tertiary hospitals. Due to inadequate achievement of glycemic control and improper prevention tactics to prevent diabetic complication for patients in tertiary hospitals in Korea, it is pivotal to determine and analyze the current status of patients with diabetes and prediabetes for efficient management of diabetes/prediabetes and its complications. Annual visits of newly diagnosed diabetes or prediabetes to Endocrinology department of Severance hospital in Korea are increasing, about 5,000 patients per year since 2017. However, there is no current systemic clinical registry involving patients with diabetes or prediabetes in Severance hospital. Therefore, in this prospective cohort study, we will establish registry for patients with diabetes or prediabetes who would perform standard blood/urine tests and follow treatment protocols in Endocrinology department of Severance hospital.

This is a monocentric, randomized controlled, open-label, 2x2 cross-over study. The main objective of the study is to Evaluate the efficacy of Nestle YIYANG TangLv milk powder in lowering the Post Prandial Glucose Response (PPGR) of a high carbohydrate meal when consumed with the meal.

The objective of this study is to assess and compare the effects of usual diets containing lean beef vs. lean poultry on pancreatic beta-cell responses in men and women with prediabetes.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) imposes an approximate 2-fold increased risk of atherothrombosis. Patients with type 2 DM have a 2- to 4-fold increase in the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherothrombotic complications. Current evidence indicates that altered platelet function and "reactivity" are key determinants of arterial and venous thrombosis in metabolic syndromes. In addition, venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are associated with increased body mass index, a common feature of type 2 DM and the metabolic syndrome. Altered platelet behavior, function, and phenotype may be critical factors in these thrombotic complications as well. The mechanisms that lead to altered phenotype and function of platelets in DM, and that underlie heightened contributions of platelets to thrombotic complications in type 2 DM, are nevertheless incompletely understood. In this project, the investigators will prospectively determine if clinical intervention with metformin--a commonly-used therapeutic agent that reduces blood glucose, promotes weight loss, and improves lipid profiles--reverses platelet reprogramming and hyperreactivity in obese subjects with impaired fasting glucose and thus, at-risk for type 2 DM. In addition to metformin, all participants will be given lifestyle modification (LSM) education on diet and physical activity, followed by guidance on how to adhere to the LSM, depending on random assignment to intervention group (education only (n=26) vs. implementation intentions alone (n=27) vs. implementation intentions with partner (n=27)). The LSM coaching for different intervention groups will allow the investigators to test whether there are more effective ways for adherence than others. Participants in these three LSM intervention groups will be further randomized to either Metformin (n=40) or Placebo (n=40), such that participants in the three LSM groups will be randomly and evenly distributed across the two study medication groups.

The purpose of the study is to develop a culturally adapted intervention (CAI) program to improve weight and physical activity in overweight or obese adult Latinos at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to rigorously evaluate the effectiveness and implementation potential of the CAI program.

The objective of this study is to compare the effects of adding three plant-based proteins (rice, oats and pea proteins) to a breakfast beverage on the glycemic response, appetite and subsequent food intake of healthy adults.

This study evaluates the feasibility and effect of probiotics on glycemic control in obese adolescents.