Active clinical trials for "Prehypertension"

The investigators will be studying the effect of melatonin on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and platelets, along with possible reasons for how melatonin cases these effects.

This study evaluated effects of red ginseng consumption on blood pressure (BP) and fasting plasma metabolomes.

Prehypertension and mild hypertension are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, and often complicated with the metabolic disorder of glucose and lipid. The comprehensive prevention of hypertension is still an important and complex clinical issue. Peppermint is a popular flavoring agent, and peppermint tea help relax tension and could lower blood pressure. The effect of oral peppermint on blood pressure is not consistent, however, our previous animal study has shown that oral administration of menthol, the main component of peppermint, could reduce 24-hour mean arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rats. Furthermore, menthol increases uncoupling protein(UCP)1 dependent thermogenesis and energy expenditure through transient receptor potential melastatin(TRPM)8 activation, and helps prevent obesity and metabolic disorders. In a prospective, double-blind, randomized, and parallel-group study, we will evaluate the effects of DANSHU capsule(menthol) on blood pressure and metabolic parameters in prehypertensive and mild hypertensive patients. This study will help develop future comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies for hypertension.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of periodontal intervention on vascular dysfunction among Chinese prehypertensive adults with moderate to severe periodontal disease.

Overweight and obesity, which afflicts ~65% of the U.S. population and more than 1 billion people worldwide, increases the risk of developing hypertension. Activation of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) is an important mechanism by which obesity leads to hypertension. In addition to its vasoconstricting and sodium retaining actions, angiotensin II also has potent pro-inflammatory actions including macrophage infiltration and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in target tissues. Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle appear to be a key sites for the generation of proinflammatory cytokines. Although angiotensin II receptor blockade reduces inflammation in many tissues, the effects on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans are not clear. Importantly, the chronic low grade inflammatory state that accompanies obesity complicates hypertension by contributing to insulin resistance and accelerating cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the general aim of the present proposal will be to determine the influence of angiotensin II receptor blockade on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation and its relation to improvements in insulin sensitivity, if observed, in obese hypertensive humans. To address these aims, 44 obese (BMI>30 kg/m2) hypertensive (BP>140 systolic and/or 90 diastolic) individuals (age=50-65 years) will be randomized to receive 8 weeks of either the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, olmesartan medoxomil, or no treatment in a crossover manner. Subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle biopsies will be obtained and insulin sensitivity (intravenous glucose tolerance tests) will be assessed at baseline and following 8 weeks of each intervention. A two week washout period will separate the interventions.

Aronia berries are a native North American berry with high naturally occurring anthocyanins among other polyphenols. Based on their polyphenol composition, there is growing interest in the potential for Aronia berries to elicit health promoting cardio-metabolic effects. Specifically, Aronia berry extracts, which provide a concentrated source of polyphenols, may improve blood vessel function. Thus, the primary focus of this project is to evaluate the effects of Aronia berry polyphenols on blood pressure and other biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk such as endothelial function, arterial stiffness and blood lipids.

Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Of those who are affected by stroke, a third becomes permanently disabled. Risk factors for stroke include, but are not limited to, advancing age, physical inactivity, arterial stiffness, and most commonly, high blood pressure. Stroke is a major form of a much boarder problem, cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is considered the primary cause of death in the US. Interestingly, increased arterial stiffness of elastic arteries (carotid and aorta) has been shown to be strongly correlated to CVD and stroke. Increased arterial stiffness is considered an independent risk for the development of CVD and stroke. Hence, arterial stiffness has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for CVD and more specifically stroke. Recently, whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise has been proposed as a new and effective method to improve muscle mass and muscle strength in younger and older individuals. It is known that systemic arterial stiffness decreased 40 min after a single WBV session in healthy men. In our laboratory, we have shown that leg arterial stiffness decreases after a session of WBV. Taken together, this data seems to suggest WBV may be used as a viable way to decrease arterial stiffness. Special populations, such as post-stroke patients, may be unwilling or unable to perform WBV exercise so an inactive form of exercise (vibration) therapy is needed. Passive vibration (PV), allows patients to lie in an inactive, supine position, with their legs placed onto the vibration plate. This exposes the lower limbs to continuous vibration without performing voluntary muscle contraction. PV has been shown to increase skin blood flow on the vibrated extremity through vasodilation in healthy individuals and type 2 diabetics. Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that a 10-min session of PV on the legs decreases augmentation index (AIx) , a marker of pressure wave reflection, as well as leg and systemic PWV through decreases in local peripheral resistance in young men. However, the effects of PV on arterial function in post-stroke patients are unknown. It is hypothesized that post-stroke patients will demonstrate a decrease in leg PWV and central AIx. However, greater responses are expected with the lower vibration frequency.

The hypothesis of the study is that supplementation with Cardio Mato (a Tomato Extracted Lycopene)for 12 weeks will decrease the blood pressure of subjects with prehypertension compared to Placebo.

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world, attributed mostly to modifiable lifestyle factors. Aspects that are controlled by patients include physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and nutrition. The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet is a proven effective intervention in lowering blood pressure in multiple populations. In this proof of concept study, volunteers with untreated stage 1 hypertension, defined as mild high blood pressure with numbers in the range of 130 - 139 over 80 - 89, will receive a DASH-based menu during 5 days of hospitalization, during a weekend at home where they will continue the menu, another 5 days as inpatients, followed by a weekend at home on the same menu, and the return to the inpatient unit for an additional day for final testing. Throughout the intervention period, participants will be followed clinically and undergo repeated laboratory testing. The aim of this project is to characterize changes in urine electrolytes and exosome protein abundance pattern during nutritional changes, shifting from a "westernized diet" to a DASH diet.

Prehypertension and mild hypertension affect an estimated 157 million U.S. adults. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and associated mortality is elevated in this population. Treatment options are limited consisting of lifestyle modification, which is often ineffective, or drug therapy, which carries risk of side effects. Highly safe, efficacious, and acceptable treatment options for this population are needed. Hawthorn standardized extract (HSE) is approved for use in Europe to treat heart failure, and preliminary evidence suggests it may have a blood pressure lowering effect. However, prior trials of hawthorn have based dosage recommendations on animal studies. Therefore, the investigators propose a dose-finding study to measure the pharmacodynamic effect of three doses of standardized hawthorn extract and placebo.