Active clinical trials for "Premature Birth"

Cellular therapies are rapidly progressing fields and have shown immense promise in the treatment of damaged ovarian function. The purpose of this study is to determine safety and efficacy of intra-ovarian injection of allogeneic HUC-MSCs with injectable collagen scaffold in women with Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) and to study the preliminary efficacy of HUC-MSCs with injectable collagen scaffold injection on ovarian function improvement.

There is a report that acetaminophen may have a role in pharmacological closure of PDA (Patent arterial duct) in preterm infants. The investigators conducted this open label non randomized and non control study to try to support that report.

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of propranolol eye drops in preterm newborns with a precocious stage of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Preterm newborns (gestational age 23-32 weeks) with a stage 2 ROP (zone II without plus) will receive propranolol eye drops treatment until retinal vascularization will be completed. Propranolol concentrations will be measured on dried blood spots during the first 3 days of treatment and at the steady state. Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters will be continuously monitored. Blood samplings checking metabolic, renal and liver functions will be performed periodically, as well as cardiac function, in order to verify the treatment safety. Serial ophthalmological evaluations will be planned to monitor the efficacy of the treatment, the ROP progression and the possible complications.

The purpose of this study is to find a dose of intravitreal bevacizumab that is lower than currently used for severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), is effective in this study, and can be tested in future larger studies.

Bed rest has been a commonly prescribed intervention for high risk pregnancies, despite the lack of data to support its benefits, and increasing evidence pointing to potential harms. In this study, the effects of bed rest compared to moderate activity will be on maternal mood and muscle strength will be evaluated in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

The purpose of this study is to determine whether ranolazine has beneficial effects on cardiac ischemia through reduction of premature ventricular contraction burden.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether two different strategies of Non Invasive Ventilation (NIV) have different effect on length and failure of NIV support in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Background: Non-invasive forms of respiratory support have been developed to manage respiratory distress and failure in premature newborns without exposing them to the risks associated with invasive mechanical ventilation. It has been difficult to synchronize non-invasive ventilation due to the large air leaks, high respiratory rates, and small tidal volumes inherent to this interface and population. Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is a novel mode of ventilation that uses a functional naso/orogastric tube with embedded electrodes which detect diaphragmatic contractions (called the Edi signal). NAVA uses this Edi signal to synchronize ventilator support to the patient's own respiratory efforts and to support these efforts as needed. Few studies have examined the use of NAVA with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in preterm neonates. A group at Arkansas Children's Hospital recently completed a study, looking at work of breathing in an animal model comparing NIV NAVA with the unsynchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure (NIPPV) mode currently used at this hospital. They were able to show that work of breathing was lower with NAVA in this model. This study will take what was shown in the animal model and translate this to the bedside. Using respiratory inductance plethysmography to measure thoracoabdominal asynchrony, this study will compare work of breathing during NIPPV versus NIV NAVA in preterm neonates with respiratory insufficiency. Hypothesis: Work of breathing as estimated by the phase angle (θ) using respiratory inductance plethysmography will be decreased with the use of NIV NAVA in comparison to unsynchronized NIPPV in premature neonates with respiratory insufficiency. Methods: Fifteen premature neonates of between 1-2 kilograms' current weight, with gestational age at birth between 24-34 weeks, and receiving non-invasive ventilation will be enrolled in the study after consent is obtained. The infants will be ventilated using NIV NAVA and NIPPV applied in random order for 15 minutes each while using respiratory inductance plethysmography to measure thoracoabdominal asynchrony as an estimate of work of breathing. Significance: This study will identify whether or not NIV NAVA has advantages over NIPPV for improving work of breathing in premature neonates.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of two different techniques of non-invasive ventilation (nCPAP and nHFOV) on gas exchange in preterm infants recovering from respiratory distress syndrome.

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of propranolol 0.2% eye drops in treating preterm newborns with a precocious stage of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Preterm newborns (gestational age 23-32 weeks) with a stage 1 ROP will receive propranolol 0.2% eye drops treatment until retinal vascularization will be completed, but no more than 90 days. Propranolol concentrations will be measured on dried blood spots at the steady state (10th day). Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters will be continuously monitored. Blood samplings checking metabolic, renal and liver functions will be performed periodically, as well as cardiac function, in order to verify the treatment safety. Serial ophthalmological evaluations will be planned to monitor the efficacy of the treatment, the ROP progression and the possible complications.