Active clinical trials for "Protein-Energy Malnutrition"

End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) represents a serious public health problem in Mexico. Data from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) have reported that the region of Jalisco (Mexico) is one of the places with the highest incidence rate of treated ESKD and use of peritoneal dialysis (PD). In patients with ESKD, oxidative stress (OS) has been recognized as a potential source of morbidity and mortality, since it is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other complications of ESRD. This can induce damage to DNA (nucleic acid), proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Another common complication in ESKD patients receiving PD is protein-energy wasting (PEW), which is characterized by the decline in the body stores of protein and energy fuels (that is, body protein and fat masses) due to the multiple nutritional and catabolic alterations that occur in this condition. Diverse factors can affect the nutritional and metabolic status of patients with PD, for which they require interventions to reverse protein and energy depletion. Nutritional counseling can be a useful tool in PD patients in order to improve compliance with nutritional recommendations. The strategies more used for PEW include oral nutritional supplementation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is assess the effect of oral nutritional supplementation on OS in PEW patients with PD.

Malnutrition is seen frequently in hemodialysis units in most developing countries. Malnutrition increases morbidity and mortality in this population and its treatment improves patient survival and health status The purpose of this study is to compare two strategies to improve nutritional status in hemodialysis patients: renal-specific oral supplement (237 ml) versus egg albumin-based protein supplement (30 g) on a daily basis. This trial uses the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) in addition to most used biochemical markers to determine nutritional status.

Dietary Protein quality is based on digestion of proteins to amino acids and the bioavailability of the amino acids to maintain good health and body function. Currently, digestibility of proteins, which is measured as the difference between protein intake and faecal loss, is underestimated. This is because, in addition to loss from dietary proteins, faecal loss includes additional protein from gut secretions and bacteria residing in the large intestine. The expert committee on protein quality suggested that a minimally invasive accurate method based on Dual Stable Isotope Tracer approach (non-radioactive) could be developed. This method is based on the concept that if amino acids in proteins become labelled with an isotopic tracer within the food matrix, their appearance in the blood gives a measure of bioavailability. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations and the World Health Organization (WHO) are promoting peas and beans to combat poverty, hunger and malnutrition because they are relatively less expensive sources of protein. We hypothesized that digestibility of protein in the common bean and absorption of amino acids is higher than current estimates. The aim of this proposal is to conduct a study in 12 healthy adults, aged 20 to 45 years, to test a novel method to assess protein quality of the common bean using the isotopic approach. The Scientific Research Council will grow the labelled beans by adding a tracer dose of deuterium to the irrigation water. The beans are prepared a typical Jamaican meal for consumption. The meal is mixed with a labelled reference protein (U-13C-spirulina) which is universally (U) labelled with stable isotope 13-Carbon (13C) to estimate digestibility; and the amino acid, phenylalanine, in which the 6 ring carbon atoms are labelled with 13C (ring-13C6- phenylalanine) to provide an index of amino acids absorption. Before and after consumption of the meal, samples of blood, breath and urine will be taken. These samples and a sample of the diet will be analysed for amino acids composition and deuterium enrichment using mass-spectrometry. The appearance of each labelled essential amino acid in blood from the bean protein will be calculated. The data will provide accurate date on amino acids bioavailability from the common bean that will be useful for dietary guideline for good health.

It is unclear whether children with HIV and severe acute malnutrition can be started on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) safely while they are still malnourished and the manner in which this therapy should start. This study will examine the safety, efficacy, and metabolism of children started on HAART while still severely malnourished.

A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be performed in three hospitals. Patients meeting inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to one of three enteral feeding formula with different protein content. Blood and urine test, nitrogen balance assessment and energy expenditure testing by indirect calorimetry will be performed at the beginning of nutrition regimen and at 24 hours, 72 hours and 5-7 days after initiation. The sample size for this trial is estimated as 90 participants, with approximately 30 participants in each group. The data analysis will be by intention to treat. This RCT will provide new data about the amount of protein needed to improve levels of serum protein and nitrogen balance, surrogate of protein balance, in critically ill infants receiving enteral nutrition.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE : To determine whether mothers, given minimal group training, are capable of using a MUAC (mid-upper arm circumference) bracelet to screen their children for malnutrition and categorise them into one of three groups : 'red' (SAM ; severe acute malnutrition), 'yellow' (MAM ; moderate acute malnutrition) or 'green' (normal nutritional status) SECONDARY OBJECTIVES : To establish whether there is a difference in the MUAC value if measured on the right arm as opposed to the left, in young children To determine whether there is a difference in the MUAC value if the mid upper arm position is determined visually as opposed to being measured in the 'classical' fashion

The investigators performed two case-control studies in Niger and Senegal analysing fecal microbiota to characterize the specificity of the gut microbiota alteration associated with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).

This study evaluates the intervention of Nut Fish based food, micro nutrients supplementation and pregnancy class to improve maternal and birth outcome. This is cluster randomized trial with two arms. The intervention group will receive Nut Fish based supplementation, multiple micro nutrients, and pregnancy class. The control group will receive government food supplementation, iron folic acid supplementation, and pregnancy class.

This study evaluates the influence of the taste sensitivity, of food preferences and of the reward system on the energetic balance before and after liver transplantation in cirrhotic patients and after kidney transplantation in renal failure patients