Active clinical trials for "Mental Disorders"

The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness and side effects of the drugs clozapine and olanzapine in children and adolescents with schizophrenia and psychoses. Childhood psychosis is a serious disorder that may have devastating consequences. Effective treatments for the condition are under continual investigation. This study will examine the causes of and offer treatment for childhood psychosis. Participants in this study will undergo psychological tests, blood and urine tests, electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (EKG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain for the first 1 to 2 weeks of the study while taking their regular medications. Participants will then be tapered off their medications over 1 to 3 weeks and will continue to stay off medications for an additional 2 days to 3 weeks. During this time, participants will undergo psychiatric, neurological, and cardiac examinations as well as blood tests. After this period without medications, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either clozapine or olanzapine for 8 weeks. An EEG will be performed prior to treatment and after 6 weeks of study medication. Participants who respond well to the study drugs may continue to receive them through their own physician. Participants who do not respond to either clozapine or olanzapine or cannot tolerate their side effects will be treated individually with other drugs until optimum treatment is identified. Regular telephone updates and in person visits to NIH for repeat testing and MRIs will be conducted.

The goal of this clinical trial is to [learn about, test, compare etc.] in individuals with severe mental disorders and obesity comorbid. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: Are inflammatory activity, oxidative and vascular damage and metabolic mechanisms, as well as neurocognitive and functional performance, related to different physical exercise interventions? Do inflammatory, oxidative stress and cardiometabolic biomarkers predict neurocognitive improvement after physical activity training? Participants will guided-exercise of moderate intensity and frecuency, and incentive of autonomous physical activity proposals by the specialist; guided physical activity group (GPAG), or (b) 12 weeks of an exercise program standard physical activity without guided and incentives; standard physical activity group (SPAG). If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare GPAG and SPAG to see if inflammatory, oxidative stress, and cardio-metabolic biomarkers improve neurocognitive performance after physical activity training

Debate continues on whether or not male homosexuality (MH) is a result of biological or cultural factors. The debate persists despite the fact that these two sides have different abilities to create a scientific environment to support their cause. Biological theorists produced evidence, however, that these are not always robust. On the other hand, social theorists, without direct evidence confirming their positions, criticize, with good argument, methods and results of the other side.

This study's purpose is to identify factors that may aid in answering the clinical question: Among adolescents 12-17 years old who are diagnosed with a mental health condition(s), does a family-based educational intervention improve healthy lifestyle knowledge and behaviors, including nutrition, PA, screen time, and sleep? The specific aims are to: Aim 1: To educate adolescents with mental health conditions and their family members about ways to improve healthy lifestyle behaviors. Aim 2: To evaluate an increase in knowledge on healthy lifestyle behaviors after a 45-minute online education session. Aim 3: To evaluate an increase in healthy lifestyle behaviors after the intervention. This project utilizes a one-group pretest-posttest design study for 30 adolescents (aged 12-17 years) diagnosed with a mental health condition(s) and their parent/legal guardian. This project will implement best practices to promote healthy lifestyle knowledge and behaviors to adolescents and their parent(s)/legal guardian(s). This will be a 45-minute educational presentation delivered via Zoom. Participants will have option to select between 2-3 dates and times for educational presentation. The investigators will compare the effects of an educational program on healthy lifestyle knowledge and behaviors pre-and post-program (after one month) via a REDCap survey for the adolescent and their parent/legal guardian. The survey will utilize an adapted version of the 2021 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) and the 2020 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH-T3). The analysis of this project will compare changes in healthy lifestyle knowledge and behaviors using a paired t-test. The educational presentation will be recorded and emailed to participants within 1 week of intervention to re-watch/review.

Psychotic illnesses are characterised by hallucinations, delusions, and disturbed thoughts; symptoms associated with high personal and societal costs. Despite the efficacy of antipsychotic medication, approximately 84% of patients experience at least one relapse within 36 months of their first episode. Thus, identifying patients who will relapse and who will not, and then providing specific treatment to patients who are more likely to relapse is clinically meaningful. Belief-updating and speech are promising markers to predict first episode psychosis (FEP) patients future relapse outcome, as there has been evidence linking these two markers with the onset and progression of psychotic symptoms. The present study will collect cognitive measures relating to belief-updating and speech in patients with FEP at baseline, and build models to predict relapse based on these measures. Belief updating tasks include simple video games (escaping from a planet in the Space Task and a reversal learning task). To collect speech, participants will be asked to describe ambiguous pictures. The study uses a naturalistic follow-up design; data will be collected from 140 FEP patients recruited from local clinical teams and 100 healthy controls recruited from advertisements. Cognitive tasks will be conducted via an online platform Gorilla using participants' own device (e.g. computer, laptop, smartphone and tablet). Clinical interviews can take place either online or face-to-face. Participants will attend three assessments in total, at baseline and at 6-month and 12-month follow-up. Each visit will comprise two components 1) cognitive tasks (45-60 minutes) and basic demographics, 2) clinical interviews.

Background: Strengthening the Healthy Adult schema mode is the ultimate goal in Schema Therapy, working as an assumed mechanism of long-term change through improved positive mental health. Evidence-based interventions to directly strengthen this Healthy Adult mode are sparse. Objective: To study the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of the treatment protocol 'Schema Therapy and the Healthy Adult' (ST-HA) during the final stage of schema therapy in adult outpatients with personality- or chronic psychopathology. Method: In this study a single case experimental design (n = 8) with multiple measures will be used, to determine the effects of the ST-HA protocol on self-compassion, well-being, positive affect and Healthy Adult functioning. For each participant a no-treatment randomized baseline period (2-5 weeks) will be compared with treatment (ST-HA, 10 weekly sessions) and post-treatment follow-up (at 1- and 3-months). Assessments include brief diaries regarding self-compassion and Healthy Adult functioning (daily from baseline to end of intervention, and 7-days at 1- and 3-months follow-up) and standardized questionnaires for measuring weekly changes in self-compassion, well-being and adaptive schema modes. During phase changes additional measures of trait self-compassion, positive affect, adaptive schema modes and symptomatic distress will be administered.

The main aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Individualized Meta-Cognitive Training (EMC +), in people with psychosis of brief evolution on symptoms, especially on positive symptoms. Secondary aims would be to assess the effect of EMC+ in metacognition, psychosocial and neuropsychological functioning, and to assess the maintenance of program effects on 6 months.

Recent studies indicate that the interplay between diet, intestinal microbiota composition, and intestinal permeability might impact mental health. The aim of thisl study is to compare diet, intestinal microbiota, intestinal permeability, and related metabolic factors among children and adolescents diagnosed with mental health disorders and control groups and identify potential relationship patterns. All children and adolescents referred to the outpatient clinic at the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department at The National University Hospital in Reykjavik Iceland will be offered to participate (n=15) (age 5-15 years). Two control groups will be used; the same parent siblings close in age (n=x) as well as age and sex-matched children from the same postal area (n=15). A three-day food diary, rating scales for mental health and multiple questionnaires will be completed as well as faecal sample, buccal swab, urine, saliva and blood samples will be collected. This is a novel approach as more multidimensional transdisciplinary studies including longitudinal observational data have been called for as a basis for lifestyle treatment options for improving mental health and wellness.

This study is aimed to investigate the effectiveness of functional power training on attention, gross and fine motor skill, participation and quality of life in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by comparing traditional strength training and their healthy peers. In the literature, there are limited studies that investigate the effect of power exercise in children with ADHD. But there is no randomized controlled trial include power exercises which is designed to the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) criteria and investigate the effects on attention, gross and fine motor skill, participation and quality of life in children with ADHD. This study hypothesizes that power exercises could improve attention, gross and fine motor skill, participation, and quality of life better than traditional strength training in children with ADHD.

This is a randomized, multiple-dose, open-label, parallel-group study. Subjects will undergo screening evaluations to determine eligibility within 28 days prior to study drug administration. Approximately 280 eligible subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio into 1 of 2 treatment groups. Subjects will be admitted to the clinical facilities the day before dosing (Day 0), and will be randomized and receive the first dosing on Day 1. Subjects will stay at site till Day 2 after PK collection. All subjects will return to the clinical sites at designated study days for dosing, PK sample collections and assigned clinical activities. All subjects randomized to LY03010 treatment group will receive the first dose of 351 mg LY03010 by IM injection on Day 1 in the deltoid muscle, followed by five (5) monthly dosing of 156 mg LY03010 in the gluteal muscle with the last dose on Day 141. All subjects randomized to SUSTENNA treatment group will receive the first dose of 234 mg SUSTENNA by IM injection on Day 1 in the deltoid muscle, and a second IM dose of 156 mg SUSTENNA on Day 8 in the deltoid muscle, followed by five (5) monthly IM dosing of 156 mg of SUSTENNA in the gluteal muscle with the last dose on Day 148. End of Study (EOS) visit for LY03010 treatment group will be on Day 169, 28 days after last dosing day; End of Study for SUSTENNA treatment group will be on Day 176, 28 days after last dosing. At EOS visit, subjects will complete the study after a series of assigned clinical assessments. A 30-day follow up call will be conducted by the clinical research staff to ensure participant's well-being.