Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases"

Patients with chronic lung diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), who perform regular physical activity, have improved health and wellbeing compared with those who do little exercise. The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether the use of a simple pedometer (step counter) to set targets for daily physical activity can encourage COPD patients referred for an 8-week pulmonary exercise based programme (PR) to be more active. The investigators also want to know whether the use of pedometers during PR can improve adherence, self-management and outcome in COPD.

Background: Portable oxygen concentrators (POCs) featuring the latest integrated oxygen conserving devices (OCDs) provide greater patient accessibility and mobility during ambulation and travel. Recent POCs are compact, lightweight, battery-operated, and require no refill-time, thus meeting patients' clinical and lifestyle needs. There is, however, a lack of research on the clinical performance of the latest POCs that could help to determine their ability to maintain patients' oxygen saturations ≥ 90 % during exercise. Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the ability of three POCs, with maximum oxygen production capabilities of 950 to 3000 ml per minute, to maintain oxygen saturations ≥ 90 % in patients with chronic lung disease during exercise. Method: Six minute walk tests (6-MWTs) will be administered in order to measure oxygen saturations by pulse oximetry (SpO2) in up to 20 patients with a diagnosis of either Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), or Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) with documented exertional oxygen desaturations of ≤ 85% on room air. All participants will participate in 4 different 6-minute walk tests: the first will be a control walk performed with the participants' current oxygen system set at their prescribed exertional flow rate. Then, the participants will perform a walk test with each of the three POCs set at the units' maximum pulse dose setting. The order in which the participants use the POCs will be randomly assigned using a sequence generator. Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that all three POCs will provide oxygen saturations ≥ 90 % during exercise in patients with chronic lung disease with moderate to severe exertional oxygen desaturation.

The aim of this study is to show if the six-minute stepper test (ST6) is a sensible marker of exercise tolerance evolution during a pulmonary rehabilitation program in people with all stages of severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep apnea and is caused by an obstruction of the upper airways. The obstruction results in periods of intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation, which lead to increased oxidative stress, increased inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease that leads to poor airflow. This disease leads to systemic hypoxia, reduced oxidative capacity, and increased inflammation. The direct cause of OSA and COPD is unclear, but OSA and COPD may be linked to other comorbid conditions such as obesity and type II diabetes. Upon onset of OSA and COPD, metabolic disturbances associated with obesity and type II diabetes can be exacerbated. Obesity is a condition characterized by an increase in visceral fat, elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Although the effects of body fat distribution have not been studied in these patients, an increase in both subcutaneous and abdominal fat mass in non-OSA older women was shown to increase morbidity and mortality. Fat/adipose tissue is an active tissue capable of secreting proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6, reactive oxygen species and adipokines. Particularly, abdominal fat is a prominent source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which contributes to a low grade, chronic inflammatory state in these patients. Additionally, an increased inflammatory state is associated with reduced lean body mass, and together with elevated circulating free fatty acids may increase the occurrence of lipotoxicity and insulin resistance. Thus, increased fat deposition is associated with a poor prognosis in OSA and COPD patients and therefore it is of clinical and scientific importance to understand the changes in fat metabolism and digestion as a result of OSA and COPD. It is therefore our hypothesis that fat synthesis and insulin resistance is increased and whole body protein synthesis is decreased in OSA and COPD patients, leading to a poor prognosis.

This is a randomised, open-label, placebo, crossover, multicentre study with a single visit. The study will comprise five sub-studies. Subjects will receive inactive treatment (placebo) via the ELLIPTA® inhaler and one of the other inhaler devices depending on the sub-study they are randomised to. Only subjects who are naïve to the ELLIPTA inhaler and to one of the other inhaler devices that will be used in this study will be included. Furthermore, subjects who are naïve to the BREEZEHALER® and HANDIHALER® inhalers must be naïve to all other inhaler devices that requires a capsule. The study will be conducted in the UK and the Netherlands, and comprises one visit only. A sufficient number of subjects (at least 600) with COPD will be screened and 570 will be randomised to one of five sub-studies. Eligible subjects will be allocated to one of the sub-studies depending on their experience of using the other inhaler (i.e., depending on which other inhaler they are naïve to). This study is designed to assess the proportion of COPD subjects making critical and overall (i.e., critical and non-critical errors) errors in using ELLIPTA inhaler and other commercially available inhaler devices such as the TURBUHALER®, HANDIHALER, BREEZHALER, MDI and DISKUS®/ACCUHALER® inhalers. This study will also assess the 'ease of use' and preference between the ELLIPTA inhaler and the other commercially available inhaler devices. ELLIPTA, DISKUS, and ACCUHALER are registered trademarks of the GSK group of companies. TURBUHALER is a registered trademark of AstraZeneca. HANDIHALER is a registered trademark of Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG. BREEZHALER is a registered trademark of Novartis AG.

To collect post-marketing safety and effectiveness information on the use of Tiotropium Inhalation Capsules (18 μg) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in daily clinical settings

Prospective research to study the relationship between concentrations of metals/metalloids in blood, hair and lung tissue with the occurence of lung cancer or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The long-term objectives of this ancillary application are to characterize a subpopulation of smokers with auto-reactive T cell response, to validate immunodiagnostic assays that could detect emphysema, and to find molecular signatures for pathogenic T cell development in a well-characterized cohort participating in SPIROMICS (UCSF center).

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of Family-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their family members. Dyads (patient and respective family member) will be randomly allocated to either a Family-based PR group or a Conventional PR group. PR programs will consist of exercise training and psychoeducation. In the Family-based PR program, both patients and family members will participate in psychoeducation sessions. In the Conventional PR group, only patients will be included. In both groups, exercise training sessions will be exclusively for patients. It is expected that, by including patients with COPD and their family members in Family-based PR, they will become more competent and confident in the management of the disease, thus reducing the overall impact of COPD on patients and family members' well-being.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the significance of KL-6 as a biomarker in the clinical diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) by detecting serum KL-6 levels among patients with ILD, and comparing them to the clinical diagnostic criteria and other respiratory diseases. In addition, the study discusses the value of KL-6 levels in terms of ILD treatment effect evaluation through the detection of serum KL-6 levels before treatment and after treatment.