Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

Determine the complete pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma.

This is a open-label, single-arm study to investigate the safety and efficacy of total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) in patients with locally advanced resectable rectal cancer.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer for complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy without the use of radiation and surgery.

Muscle is lost as part of the rectal cancer disease process. Surgery to treat rectal cancer and its subsequent immobility leads to increased muscle loss. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been shown in previous studies in the critically ill to maintain muscle mass. The investigators aim to examine whether NMES use in the pre and postoperative setting preserves muscle mass, speeds up recovery and improves outcomes in advanced rectal cancer patients undergoing curative surgery. This is a phase II double blind randomised controlled clinical trial.

This is a open-label, single-arm study to investigate the safety and efficacy of Total neoadjuvant chemotherapy with camrelizumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody drug following short course radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer.

Liver is the most common site of metastases from colorectal cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with targeted agents is usually recommended for borderline-resectable liver metastases that are technically difficult to resect for conversion to resectable disease and control of metastatic spread. However, the prognosis of these patients are still poor, and long term disease-free survival over 3 years is rare and <20%. More effective measures to prevent recurrence are needed before or after resection of colorectal liver metastases.

The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of chemotherapy followed by less invasive surgery on patients and their early rectal cancer. The approach of this trial will be considered a success if at least 65% of participants are able to keep the rectum.

A number of pilot studies had shown high rate of complete resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone for local advanced rectal cancer(LARC), but they did not increase the ratio of pathological complete response (pCR) which was associated with improvement of overall survival (OS). On the other hand,some clinical trials show that triple active cytotoxic agents (Fluorouracil, Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan, FOLFOXIRI) combined with cetuximab for EGFR wild type metastatic colorectal cancer had more effective than double agents.Therefore,a hypothesis is the FOLFOXIRI+Cetuximab as the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen might improve the patient's ratio of pCR.

This project first retrospectively analyzes the intestinal dose indicators related to the concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy of rectal cancer and gastrointestinal toxicity, and the pelvic dose indicators related to hematological toxicity, and then prospectively conducts radiotherapy based on the dose indicators most closely related to toxicity. The dose is limited when the plan is made to reduce the gastrointestinal and hematological toxicity of rectal cancer with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

This phase I trial studies the side effects and best dose of ropidoxuridine in treating patients with gastrointestinal cancer that has spread to other places in the body and usually cannot be cured or controlled with treatment undergoing radiation therapy. Ropidoxuridine may help radiation therapy work better by making tumor cells more sensitive to the radiation therapy.