Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents"

To evaluate the impact of enteral nutrition on microaspiration of gastric content and pharyngeal secretions

Carbohydrates (CHO)-based drinks 2h before the induction of anesthesia are recommended to decrease insulin resistance. The addition of glutamine (GLN) in these beverages may enhance the benefits of CHO alone. However, only a few studies tested the safety of this formula. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gastric residual volume (GRV) after the intake of a beverage containing CHO plus GLN using magnetic resonance (MRI).

Effect of orally administered two equal and consecutive doses of proton pump inhibitors, omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole , rabeprazole and pantoprazole and Histamine 2 receptor antagonists cimetidine, ranitidine,famotidine,nizatidine and lafutidine without and with a prokinetic agents domperidone, metoclopramide and erythromycin on intragastric pH, volume and bile refluxate.

Rationale of this study is to provide an evidence on minimal safe clear fluid fasting duration without the risk of aspiration of gastric contents during elective pediatric procedures under general anesthesia.

Cricoid force is applied during airway management to prevent pulmonary aspiration of regurgitated gastric contents. This force is usually applied by a nurse or anaesthesia assistant. Currently this is performed WITHOUT monitoring and the force applied is determined by the individual's "educated hand" that is derived from his/her experience from past training and practice. Studies have shown that the actual force applied by nurse and anaesthesia assistant is inconsistent and deviates from the optimal force. Under application of cricoid force results in ineffective cricoid pressure and the risk of pulmonary aspiration. Consequences of pulmonary aspiration include lung injury and infection, hypoxia, long Intensive Care Unit stay and even death. Over exertion of cricoid force results in distortion of the larynx (leading to difficult bag mask, difficult tracheal tube insertion and hypoxia). Preliminary results from previous study (IRB 2014/437/D), an observation crossover pilot was carried out comparing the amount of cricoid force applied by 16 nurses on manikin with and without direct feedback. Nurses were instructed to apply a range of force of 30-44 Newtons on a marked site on the neck region of manikin. A flexiforce load sensor was used. Unblinded nurses performed significantly better with feedback using the load sensor then blinded nurses. With Funding from a National grant, a real-time measurement of cricoid force is developed to give feedback and guide the operator to exert and maintain the TARGET cricoid pressure during rapid sequence induction (RSI). In this study we aim to verify the sensor system with a manikin and compare the forces applied by nurses with the sensor system and without.

The standard procedure used for airway control in general anesthesia for LC (laparoscopic cholecystectomy) is endotracheal intubation (EI). AuraGain and I-Gel are supraglottic airway devices (SADs) used for airway control for certain types of surgeries. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the performances of new types of SADs with EI regarding their insertion times, durations, perioperative complications and effects on hemodynamic parameters and peak airway pressures (Paw) in LC as well.

Ultrasound assessment of the effect of metoclopramide versus granisetron on gastric volume in patients undergoing caesarean section study

Gastro-esophageal reflux and aspiration is a common problem in premature infants receiving mechanical ventilation. Pepsin measured in tracheal aspirate (TA) emerged as a specific marker for aspiration. The objective of this study is to examine if TA pepsin will change when ventilated premature infants are positioned in two different positions; on their back vs. on their right side.

The intention of this study is to determine wether coffee added milk change gastric volume in comparison with gastric volume after drinking black coffee

The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of Sellick´s Maneuver, a firm pressure on the throat, just below the Adams apple, to occlude the esophagus, in order to prevent aspiration of gastric contents, on intubation with a flexible fiberscope. The result of this study will be participate in the discussion of the importance of Sellick´s Maneuver.