Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Aspiration"

Different diseases worldwide have repercussions at the level of multiple systems; but without a doubt a higher prevalence in the cardiopulmonary system. When a patient is hospitalized, he enters a continuous and often prolonged rest stay. Wherein, this physical inactivity plus its base pathology negatively impact its lung capacity. And low lung capacity has been shown to increase the risk of mortality, hospital stay, and complications. That said, the use of the device known as the "incentive inspirometer" is important, which to some extent there is no standardization of its use or applicability in a structured and planned manner. For this reason, the Japer method emerges as an idea; which, pretending through an exercise prescription through the incentive inspirometer according to 50% to 80% of the maximum inspiring capacity of the patient, improves their inspiring capacity. Having said this, the general objective was to analyze the effects of the JaPer method to improve lung capacity versus the traditional use of an inspirometer in hospitalized patients.

This study was designed as a prospective and experimental study. Geriatric individuals (age ≥ 65 years) with COPD and non-COPD were included in the study. Training program was identical for both groups and consisted of 4 weeks of foundation IMT followed by 4 weeks of functional IMT. Respiratory muscle strength, symptoms, exercise capacity, balance, postural control, physical activity and quality of life were evaluated.

ASA inhalation powder is an inhaled nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-device combination that has been developed to reduce the risk of vascular mortality in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (MI), an FDA approved indication for oral formulations of aspirin. The primary goal of study OTP-P0-926 is to collect pharmacokinetic (PK)and pharmacodynamics (PD) pilot data to determine onset and extent of aspirin response after administration of varying doses of inhaled ASA (50-100mg) and 162 mg Non-Enteric-Coated Chewable ASA. PD will be assessed using standard methods to measure platelet inhibition by aspirin including platelet aggregation, serum thromboxane,and urinary thromboxane. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics (PK) of ASA will be determined and compared to PD measurements. Results of this pilot study will guide dosing in a subsequent larger Phase II study.

The objective of the study was to compare the effects of Buteyko breathing technique and pursed lip breathing technique in the management of asthma. A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 asthmatic patients randomly allocated to Buteyko technique group and pursed lip breathing group. Both the groups received 4 weeks of treatment, 3 times per week. Data was collected at base line, 2nd week and 4th week. Outcome measurements included FVC, FEV, PEFR and Asthma Control Test Questionnaire scores. Data analysis was carried out on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v.21.0. Confidence interval was kept at 95% and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which had its first case identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The disease can cause death and collapse in health systems, in addition to increasingly prevalent sequelae. Among the persistent symptoms presented by patients in the post-COVID-19 phase, we highlight the respiratory ones. The diaphragm - the main muscle of respiration - can also undergo structural and functional changes resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This finding is related to some respiratory sequelae of the disease, such as severe myopathy of the diaphragm with weakness and decreased endurance of the inspiratory muscles, dyspnea, fatigue, and failure in ventilatory weaning. Considering that COVID-19 can affect the respiratory muscles of afflicted individuals, it is reasonable to assume that inspiratory muscle training should improve inspiratory muscle weakness and endurance, and the functional capacity of individuals who had symptomatic COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on inspiratory muscle strength and endurance and on the functional capacity of individuals afflicted by COVID-19. Methods: This controlled and randomized clinical trial will be conducted according to the guidelines of the Vila Velha University Ethics Committee (CEP-UVV). The sample will consist of individuals with a positive diagnosis for SARS-CoV-2 infection assessed by means of the reverse transcriptase reaction followed by the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and who have already undergone the period of active infection. These individuals will be invited to participate in the study as soon as they are evaluated by the cardiopulmonary rehabilitation service. Those who meet all the inclusion criteria, agree to participate, and sign the free and informed consent form (FICF), will be randomly assigned to two groups, the control group (CG, n = 21) and the treatment group (TG, n = 21). The initial evaluation will consist of anamnesis, measurement of indirect blood pressure, heart rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation by portable pulse oximeter, analysis of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), dynamic inspiratory muscle strength index (S-Index), and endurance of the inspiratory muscles - which will be collected using a digital training device (PowerBreathe KH2), in addition to functional assessment through the 1-minute sit-to-stand test. The reassessment will take place six weeks after the start of the program and the same data will be collected at the participants' homes. Both groups will undergo the rehabilitation protocol, consisting of muscle strengthening and aerobic training, with individual assessment of exercise intensity. The treated group will undergo inspiratory muscle training through linear pressure load, using the POWERbreathe Classic Medic® device to perform two sets of 30 repetitions daily for six weeks. The same physical therapist will oversee the training sessions of all patients. Statistical analysis: Data normality will be tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. To analyze the differences between groups, we will use the t-test for parametric data and the Wilcoxon test for non-parametric data. The level of significance will be set at 5% (p < 0.05). Data will be analyzed using the SPSS 8.0 software and the results expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median and interquartile range.

This study finds the effectiveness of inspiratory muscle threshold loading training among adults with hypertension. A sample of hypertensive subjects was divided into two groups - inspiratory muscle training (IMT) - group (inspiratory muscle training was prescribed) and sham-group (no load was prescribed during IMT). Both groups had training sessions comprising seven cycles of two minutes bouts of breathing counter to an inspiratory load, each bout parted by one minute of unloaded recovery. Treatment session was performed for three times per week for a total of six weeks. Measurement of each of the variables (blood pressure, resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate variability (HRV)) was taken at baseline and after the six-week intervention.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has three main types, pre-capillary PH, post-capillary PH, and combined pre-capillary and post-capillary PH, and it is based on mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) > 20 mmHg measured with a right heart catheterization (RHC). Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is mainly defined as a pre-capillary PH and classed as a Group IV PH. It was reported that 0.1-9.1% of individuals with pulmonary embolism develop CTEPH within two years after the initial diagnosis, and CTEPH is the only PH category that has a chance of being cured, mainly by pulmonary endarterectomy. Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) are defined as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disorders, central sleep apnea (CSA) syndromes, sleep-related hypoventilation disorders, and sleep-related hypoxemia. An SRBD may also lead to an increase in PAP primarily during sleep and cause nocturnal hypoxemia. Although SRBDs were reported in patients with pre-capillary PH, most of the studies included patients with idiopathic PAH. Although the cause-and-effect relationship between pre-capillary PH and SRBDs is uncertain, it is known that mPAP may increase during sleep in patients with OSA . Less is known regarding the occurrence of SRBDs in CTEPH. Previously a few study showed relationship between SRBDs an CTEPH as the main type was OSA. Most of the studies evaluated preoperative occurance and incidance of SRBDs in CTEPH. Only one study performed post operative SRBD on a cardiorespiratory device was conducted the night before and one month after elective pulmonary endarterectomy. In our previous study we showed that severe nocturnal hypoxemia (NH) is highly prevelant in preoperative CTEPH patients and the most common two types of SRBD are OSA and isolated sleep related hypoxemia (ISRH) and age, mPAP and AHI are independent determinants of severe NH. (J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 4639 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144639) In this present study we aimed to investigate occurrence of SRBDs and mortality 5 years after pulmonary endarterectomy operation.

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of single and multiple doses of treprostinil palmitil inhalation powder in healthy participants.

The proposed study will assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of once daily dosing of Liposomal-Amikacin for Inhalation (LAI) 590 mg for 12 months plus standard of care (SOC) mycobacterial multi-drug regimen in accordance with the 2007 ATS/ IDSA guidelines, for treatment of mycobacterium abscessus lung disease.

Ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction appears to contribute to slow weaning from mechanical ventilation. Several trials of inspiratory muscle training to facilitate weaning in intensive care have been performed, with inconsistent results, utilizing different methods of IMT in different populations. In this study, the investigators want to compare the incidence of 3 inspiratory muscle training programs on inspiratory strength, on difficult to wean patients in intensive care unit. This is a multi-center randomized trial not blinded with 3 parallels groups: Martin's group: a threshold-based IMT is performed like used by Martin in a randomized trial in 2011, in a view of inspiratory strength increase. Cader's group: a threshold-based IMT is performed like used by Cader in a randomized trial in 2010 , in a view of inspiratory endurance increase. EDRIC's group: a new treshold-based IMT is performed, in a view of both inspiratory strength and endurance increase. The investigators think that a new threshold-based IMT performed in a view of both inspiratory strength and endurance increase, is more effective and well tolerated than the 2 others protocols.