Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Tract Diseases"

Contactless and widely available health monitoring technologies are of growing interest in the context of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a well-studied technology that interprets variations in skin colour related to blood flow which, when analysed with complex mathematical algorithm, generates vital sign readings. This technology has been refined and embedded in a smartphone app designed to acquire heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation using a front-facing smartphone camera. Preliminary data comparing the accuracy of smartphone rPPG readings with conventional vital sign monitor readings are promising; however, less than 5% of the population studied in the app development phase had oxygen saturation levels below 95% making it impossible to ensure reliability in these populations. The goal of this study is to compare readings acquired using this rPPG app with the readings from hospital grade, Health Canada approved vital signs monitors used in healthcare settings with a focus on subject with low oxygen saturations. We will also study other sociodemographic and clinical features that may influence the accuracy of the readings. This will be achieved by recruiting consenting adults presenting to care in acute care settings and a designated COVID outpatient clinic. Vital signs will be acquired using the rPPG app and conventional hospital vital sign monitors simultaneously. Readings will be repeated within 2-5 minutes when time permits. Statistical analysis will be performed to analyze the findings and determine the accuracy and precision of the rPPG app readings. It is expected that the vital sign readings acquired with the rPPG app will be almost identical to those acquired using hospital-grade monitors for all subjects regardless of age, gender, skin colour, COVID status and relevant comorbidities.

Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of Four Different Non-invasive Ventilation Modes Performed In The Delivery Room In Late Preterm And Term Infants Wıth Respiratory Distress

The aim of this study is to explore the acceptability and feasibility of a novel medical device system for remote monitoring of breath and heart sounds (replicating remotely, and in an easy-to-use garment, that which a clinician would do with their stethoscope to listen to a patient's chest, by evaluating sounds captured through a wearable device (Senti)). As a first-in-man study, the investigators will investigate the safety of the Senti device, the usability and acceptability of the device; and ensure technical and practical feasibility of the device in a real-world clinical setting. 10 patients will be recruited (the study participants) in two tranches (6 and 4) who are being discharged from A&E into the care of the community respiratory team. These patients will wear the Senti device. The first tranche will use the device over a single session lasting 20 minutes only. The second tranche (which will include patients from tranche one, and which will only proceed if no adverse events are detected in tranche one), participants will wear the device at their discretion (particularly encouraged to wear overnight) over the course of 5 days. The investigators will survey the study participants to answer three key questions: What is the feasibility of the Senti data-capture device? Is this device usable in clinical practice? What are the requirements to train patients to use the device? The investigators will also consider: Does the device function technically and practically, in real-world clinical scenarios? What are the key expected and unexpected safety issues related to using the device (with a particular emphasis on whether the device is likely to cause pressure sores). These questions will establish the feasibility of using the Senti data capture device as part of a novel medical device system for the autonomous evaluation and monitoring of bioacoustic signals.

To compare the effect of different airway clearance techniques on lung ventilation by electrical impedance tomography.

Proprioceptive weighting changes may explain differences in postural control performance. In addition, the respiratory movement has a disturbing effect on postural balance. Postural balance seems to be impaired in individuals with respiratory disorders. Increased risk of falling is reported in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Besides the essential role of respiration, the diaphragm may also play an important role in the control of the trunk and postural balance. The aim of the study is to clarify whether proprioceptive postural control is impaired in individuals with diaphragm paresis.

The objective of this study is to assess the inoculation-related symptoms and long-term effects of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with lung cancer or pulmonary nodules in a real-world setting. The investigators aim to provide high-quality evidence for the COVID-19 vaccines in cancer/pre-cancer patients, and to address their concern about the safety profile of the newly developed vaccines.

Pain mechanisms and their clinical impact in patients with bronchiectasis have not been investigated yet. The aim of the research is to assess the presence of central pain mechanisms in patients with bronchiectasis using the Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) assumptions.

Amniotic fluid (AF) is a complex structure with a changing content by gestational time. AF pH can be affected by both maternal and fetal conditions such as preterm ruptures of membranes, prematurity and fetal distress. While fetal urine is the major content of AF since 20th gestational week, fetal lung liquid (FLL) also acts as a minor content. Secretion of FLL depends on chloride transport and postnatal clearance of FLL is provided by active reabsorption of sodium (Na) ions. Down-regulation of epithelial Na channels (ENaCs) and an increase of pulmonary compliance accompany to pulmonary adaptation developing at the first hours of life. Lower genomic expression of Na channels in airways is shown to be associated to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm. Although pH and electrolyte value of AF is thought to be relevant to fetal and maternal conditions such as gestational age, antenatal steroids and preterm birth, there is no study about this topic in the literature.

This study will observe the inhaler technique of people using 13 different inhaler types; record any technique errors being made against checklists developed for each inhaler device based on their manufacturer's guidelines, and reeducate any observed inhaler technique errors as required.

Rhinitis, or inflammation of the nasal mucosa, can present with nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, itch or sneezing. If the sinusal mucosa is involved as well, it is called rhinosinusitis and facial pain or loss of smell is possible. Several causes are known, such as an underlying allergy ("allergic rhinitis", AR). If at least 2 symptoms are present for at least 12 weeks, it is called "chronic rhinosinusitis" (CRS). Up to 2/3 of the AR and CRS patients have symptoms upon exposure to triggers such as sudden temperature changes, smoke, fragrances… a phenomenon called "nasal hyperreactivity" (NHR). It is currently not clear why some patients suffer NHR while others do not. In this study, the investigators want to determine the prevalence and severity of nasal hyperreactivity in patients with chronic upper airway inflammation. To this end, patients and healthy controls will be asked to fill out a questionnaire inquiring presence and severity of nasal symptoms upon exposure to particular environmental triggers.