Active clinical trials for "Sarcopenia"

Older ICU survivors with ICU acquired weakness (ICUAW) are malnourished, sarcopenic, and functionally debilitated as a consequence of the high burden of comorbidities common in the elderly. To address the sequalae of critical illnesses, the investigators will perform a trial incorporating an intervention that combines mobility-based physical rehabilitation (MRP), high protein supplementation (HPRO), and neuromuscular electric stimulation (NMES). The investigators will then assess both clinical and functional outcomes and determine the relationship of disability with systemic inflammation.

Major digestive surgery is associated with a significant rate of postoperative complications. To improve postoperative outcome, efforts are focused on postoperative course leading to the concept of rehabilitation. However, the rehabilitation concept does not allow to improve muscular and functional reserves at the time of surgery. Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. Also, the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with cancer is high and has a prevalence of around 25% in patients with pancreatic cancer, with a considerable impact on postoperative and survival outcomes. The hypothesis is the preoperative management of sarcopenia by a rehabilitation program could improve patients' operative outcomes by reducing the rate of postoperative complications.

Primary Aim: To establish a reliable relationship between oxygen uptake (VO2) at estimated lactate threshold (AT) and CT-derived body composition measurments (e.g. muscle radiation attenuation), and to relate these to post-operative outcomes (i.e. post-operative complications or 1-year survival) in cohort of upper (UGI) and lower (LGI) gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary (HPB) cancer patients undergoing surgery +/- cancer therapies. Rationale:Objectively measured reduction of muscle radiation attenuation (i.e. Computed Tomography (CT) measured indices of muscle wasting) coupled with reduced physical fitness (measured objectively using Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET)) will result in worse post-operative surgical outcome and reduced survival. Trial Design: Observational Sample size: See statistical analyses section for individual cohort power calculations Inclusion Criteria: Male or female patients, aged over 18 years old with UGI, LGI or HPB cancer undergoing surgery +/- cancer therapies; WHO performance status 0-2. Exclusion Criteria: Patients will be excluded if they have surgery for benign disease, a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, patients physically unable to perform a CPET on a cycle ergometer, patients having no surgery performed or interim emergency surgery, patients lacking complete in-hospital morbidity and survival data. Primary Trial Endpoints: UGI patients - 2 year overall survival, LGI and HPB patients - post-operative complications (Calvien-Dindo and Composite Endpoint in pancreaticoduodenectomy)

The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of dedicated ambulator-assisted physical activity in lung transplant inpatients. The primary hypothesis is that an ambulator-assisted intervention for lung transplant patients will prove feasible and may result in improved frailty, hospital outcomes, including less need for inpatient rehabilitation and shorter length of stay in the hospital.

Loss of muscle mass and strength is a well-established outcome of normal aging. Muscle strength and mobility are also dependent on the quality and strength of connective tissue, which surrounds skeletal muscle. These layers, which are continuous with tendons, allow for the effective transfer of tension from skeletal muscle to bone to enable movement. Importantly, skeletal muscle strength is directly related to connective tissue strength. Greater tendon connective tissue cross-sectional area and stiffness optimize force transfer through tendon to maximize musculoskeletal function. As with skeletal muscle, tendon connective tissue quality declines with age. Previous research indicates that resistance training can improve muscle strength in older adults, but may not counter the effects of aging on tendon. The specific problem is that no approaches are available that benefit both skeletal muscle and tendon health to minimize loss of muscle mass and quality while also improving connective tissue quality and function in older adults. A critical need exists to assess approaches that improve both muscle and connective tissue strength and function. This need is highly relevant for older women, due to their higher risk of sarcopenia than men. Resistance training, especially when combined with higher protein intake, has been consistently shown to improve muscle mass and strength in older adults. Further, emerging research indicates that diets rich in total and indispensable amino acids (as in beef) augment exercise-induced improvements in tendon cross-sectional area in rodents and young humans. However, limited research exists on the impact of beef consumption combined with resistance training on muscle and tendon tissue outcomes, especially in older women. This research study will assess the effects of consuming a healthy, protein-rich diet emphasizing lean beef, compared to a healthy, normal-protein, lower beef diet (control 1), and a healthy protein-rich, lower beef diet emphasizing non-beef/red meat protein (control 2) on resistance training-induced changes in muscle and tendon tissue size, strength, and quality in older women.

A Prospective, Single-Center trial, in Patients With Acute on Chronic Liver Failure. Study of Standard Medical Care Plus CytoSorb® Compared to Standard Medical Care Alone in a historical group.

Primary research purpose: -Prospective study to screen post stroke patients with sarcopenia and evaluate its effect on recovery Secondary research purpose: To determine the degree of sarcopenia and correlation with poor functional prognosis of stroke in the stroke patient group. To determine the degree of sarcopenia and correlation with dixon MRI of thigh muscle To evaluate surface EMG (SEMG)-based signals and correlation with sarcopenia To determine the degree of sarcopenia and correlation with brain morphometric changes

Frailty, the decline in physical and cognitive reserves leading to vulnerability to stressors is increasingly being recognized as a public health concern. Although multiple measures exist that can identify frail patients, very little is known about how or when to intervene. Sarcopenia, or the degree of muscle wasting, is closely correlated to frailty and patient outcomes. This is a prospective cohort study of critically ill patients to identify modifiable risk factors of sarcopenia, as potential targets to reduce frailty.

This study will examine the association between low muscle mass (myopenia) at diagnosis and chemotherapy toxicity in older adults with newly diagnosed advanced colorectal cancer.

Objective: The Nanshan Elderly Cohort Study (NECS) aims to investigate the nutritional, as well as other environmental and genetic factors of chronic diseases, such as cardio-metabolic diseases. Study design: NECS is a community-based prospective cohort study. Participants: About 10000-20000 apparently healthy residents, living in Nanshan， Shenzhen (South China) for >5 years, aged ≥ 65 years, will be recruited between 2018 and 2019. Visits and Data Collection: Participants will be followed up approximately every 3 years by invited to the Community Healthcare Service Centre. At each survey, face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements, ultrasonography examination, electrocardiogram test and specimen collection will be conducted. Key variables: Face-to-face interviews: Structured questionnaires will be used to collect the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, habitual dietary intake, physical activity, history of chronic diseases, use of supplements and medications, family history, psychological health and cognitive function. Physical examinations: Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure tests, handgrip strength, and usual gait speed. Ultrasonography examinations: Ultrasonography examination will be performed to determine carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque, fatty liver. Electrocardiogram test: Electrocardiogram test is to obtain information about the structure and function of the heart. Specimen collections: Overnight fasting blood sample, early morning first-void urine sample and faeces samples will be collected and stored at -80°C till tests. Laboratory tests: Blood tests: Metabolic syndrome-related indices; nutritional indices; inflammatory markers; sexual hormones; genetic markers. Urinary tests: Flavonoids and flavones, minerals, creatinine and renal function related markers. Fecal test: Gut microbiota and related metabolites. Morbidity and mortality: Relevant data will be also retrieved via local multiple Health information systems. Others: Many other laboratory tests or instrument tests will be developed depended on needs and resources in future.