Active clinical trials for "Sarcopenia"

Rationale: Consumption of sufficient dietary protein is fundamental to skeletal muscle mass maintenance and overall health. Conventional animal-based protein sources such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy are considered high-quality sources of dietary protein. However, the production of sufficient amounts of these conventional animal-based proteins to meet future global food demands will be challenging. Consequently, there is a great interest in more sustainable alternatives for these high-quality protein sources. Plant-derived proteins can be produced on a more sustainable scale, but are generally considered lower quality protein sources compared to animal-based sources because of incomplete essential amino acid profiles, resulting in lower anabolic properties for skeletal muscle building. Blending different plant-derived proteins can be a solution, but will never match the profile of other high-quality animal-derived proteins, likely necessitating the fortification of such plant-based protein blends with essential amino acids such as leucine. Objective: To assess post-prandial muscle protein synthesis rates in older males in response to ingesting a blend of plant protein fortified with free leucine compared to (gold standard) whey protein and compared to the plant protein blend without additional leucine. Study design: randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, combined superiority non-inferiority, intervention trial. Study population: 45 healthy (BMI 18.5-30 kg/m2) older males (age: 60-75 y inclusive). Intervention: Subjects will consume a beverage containing 20g whey protein isolate, 20g of a plant protein blend or the same plant protein blend fortified with 2g leucine. Continuous intravenous stable isotope amino acid tracer infusions will be applied, with plasma and muscle samples collected at different time points throughout the experimental test day. Main study parameters/endpoints: The primary outcome will be postprandial (0-4h) muscle protein synthesis rates following beverage ingestion.

Sarcopenia is an age-related disease characterized by a progressive decrease in skeletal muscle content and loss of muscle function. Tai Chi exercises have been shown to improve skeletal muscle mass in elderly people suffering from sarcopenia. However, offline interventions are a very labor- and financial-intensive approach. Therefore, researchers designed an artificial intelligence-assisted program and Tai Chi exercise format to investigate whether a remote rehabilitation approach could replace face-to-face interventions

The goal of this observational study is to compare Incidence of postoperative delirium in Sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. The main question it aims to answer are: • Effect of preoperative sarcopenia on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery Participants will be evaluated preoperatively for sarcopenia and assessed for postoperative delirium, pain, etc.

Sarcopenia can occur or increase due to sedentary lifestyles, physical inactivity or chronic endocrine and inflammatory disorders, this pathology is much more frequent in older people due to the added risk factors and the fact that the physiological ageing process generates a pro-inflammatory situation and an alteration in the synthesis of hormones and myokines, it has been observed that the loss of strength causes functional deterioration and a significant increase in the person's dependence, reduces their functional status and quality of life, and may increase the risk of falls, thereby increasing mortality. The hipotesis of this study is that multicomponent training 3 times a week for 6 weeks, produces improvements in the functional capacity of elderly patients. This study has the objective is whether multicomponent training 3 times a week for 6 weeks produces improvements in the functional capacity of elderly patients. The methodology is a pilot clinical trial. The study population is people over 65 years of age, sedentary, with functional independence and with a state of health that allows them to carry out physical activity. The study is planned as a pilot study and will consist of 13 subjects in the experimental group (multicomponent training). The variables to be measured are anthropometric variables and variables of neuromuscular function an functionality. The intervention will be a training will be 3 times a week during 6 weeks, with a warm-up, a main block with aerobic work, strength work and training and coordination work, and finally a return to calm.

The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of a combined nutritional and home-based exercise intervention in elderly, malnourished, frail patients after hospital discharge. Adherence to exercise program, adherence to oral nutrition supplement, potential inhibiting factors to follow exercise program, changes in nutritional status, muscle mass and function, quality of life are outcome factors. The intervention consists of 12 weeks with a physical exercise program (vivifrail) and oral nutritional supplementation (Moltein Plus). The investigators hypothesize that 12 weeks of a combined nutritional and home-based multicomponent exercise program is feasible for frail elderly patients after hospital discharge, meaning that ≥70% of the exercise sessions will be completed and oral supplements will be consumed by the participants.

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic disease with an increasing incidence; it represents the final stage of multiple cardiac diseases and significantly affects the QoL of the patients. Its prevalence is about 26 million people in the world, especially in elderly. Sarcopenia has been directly associated with the presence of increased comorbidity in patients with HF. In this study the investigators aim to compare the clinical evolution of patients with HF after receiving nutritional support with Mediterranean diet alone or in combination with a hypercaloric, hyperproteic oral nutritional Supplement

1. To develop a multiactivity training programme. 2. To explore the effect of this programme on sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, cognitive impairment and Parkinson's disease. 3. To compare the effects of the experimental and control treatments on the muscle strength, body composition, physical function performance and quality of life of the elderly.

The proposed research is designed to identify the mechanisms that can accelerate loss of muscle size, strength and physical function in type 2 diabetes and with hospitalization in older persons. About ⅓ of older Americans have type 2 diabetes, and about ⅓ of the hospitalizations in the USA involve persons older than 65 year of age. The proposed research is relevant to the part of NIH's mission that pertains to development of the fundamental knowledge that will improve health and reduce the burdens of disability, because this work will provide the fundamental evidence to identify new targets for the development of innovative treatments to slow down muscle loss and disability in our aging society.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes two idiopathic chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)Malnutrition and significant alteration of body composition are common in inflammatory bowel disease patients, whereby the prevalence of malnutrition may be up to 82.8% in CD patients with active disease, and up to 38.9% in CD patients in remission. Many CD patients have low muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) with drivers of such pathophysiology unknown. 41.6% of CD patients with sarcopenia require surgery, with the surgical trauma and resulting inactivity leading to further muscle mass loss such that the chronic inflammatory insult associated with refractory disease may be linked to advanced muscle mass depletion. The majority of adult CD patients have low muscle mass even in clinical remission indicating the poorly reversible nature of this phenomenon. Chronic disease burden may therefore be important in the accentuation of muscle loss. Muscle mass is maintained through the daily balance of MPS and muscle protein breakdown (MPB), with the essential amino acid (EAA) components of a meal and muscle contraction being the primary stimulators of MPS. Patients with active CD show a significant decrease in the expression of proteins in hypertrophic signalling pathways (Akt, P70S6K1) with no change in the expression of atrophic signalling (MAFbx, MuRF1). Also, adult CD patients with established disease consume less protein compared to matched healthy volunteers (HV). Furthermore, the intestinal motility, measured using cine-MRI, is reduced in active CD, possibly further decreasing intestinal digestion and absorption of dietary peptides. In general, the malabsorption is a major contributing factor to malnourishment in CD. It has been shown that in male paediatric patients with long-term CD, muscle metabolism is perturbed by a negative branched-chain amino acid balance in the forearm, with this variable linked to lower appendicular muscle mass, higher muscle fatigue and reduced protein intake, CD may have a significant effect on protein digestion and absorption, and blunt the MPS response to feeding, leading to a chronic muscle mass reduction that may persist even when in remission. The EAA components of a protein meal are crucial for the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS), and all the EAA/leucine play a key role in driving MPS. Low serum levels EAA/leucine have been reported in CD but their role in the aetiology of sarcopenia in CD is unknown. Further, how CD affects the protein digestion/absorption and how this contributes to low EAA/leucine unclear. Recent advances in stable isotope tracer techniques using a dual tracer methodology now enable a more accurate determination of protein digestibility. By following the appearance of intrinsically labelled AAs into the blood upon digestion of the intrinsically labelled protein, alongside the appearance of label-free AAs, protein digestibility can be accurately determined. Further, by collecting a muscle biopsy postprandially, the direct incorporation of AA from the digested protein into the muscle can be determined- providing a gold standard method for investigating anabolic resistance. Project aim is to use an intrinsically labelled casein to investigate protein digestion, absorption and MPS responses in CD patients. To achieve this, investigators will investigate protein digestion, absorption and muscle protein synthesis responses in Crohn's disease patients and healthy volunteers by utilising intrinsically labelled protein.

In this 5-month study, we will track the incorporation and washout of n-3 PUFA into different tissues following two different dosing strategies in healthy young and older volunteers. All groups will be followed for washout. Data gathered from this study will be used to establish novel dosing strategies and provide insights into the incorporation of n-3 PUFAs in different tissues and their washout in young and older participants.