Active clinical trials for "Sarcopenia"

The placement of TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt) is the most effective strategy to treat complications of portal hypertension. However, the threat of developing post-TIPS complications diminishes its use and applicability. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is the most feared and frequent post-TIPS complication, affecting between 25-54% of patients. Available treatments against HE are only partially effective. Therefore, the best existing strategy is to accurately select patients for TIPS excluding those presenting known high risk factors associated to post-TIPS HE. Despite applying this approach, the incidence of post-TIPS HE still remains very high. The investigators hypothesize that a better identification of risk factors for post-TIPS HE, together with the introduction of therapeutic interventions modulating pathophysiological mechanisms involved in post-TIPS HE development - among which sarcopenia stands out- would lead to a reduction in the incidence of HE and, eventually, to an increase in the number of patients benefiting from TIPS. Thus, our project is aimed at Demonstrate that a 12 weeks lifestyle intervention based on resistance training and nutritional counseling can reduce sarcopenia and, ultimately, post-TIPS HE. To study predictive factors of post-TIPS HE, focusing on the role of factors that have never been evaluated in the setting of TIPS: gut microbiome and cognitive function

Physical inactivity and protein malnutrition have been implicated to be key and modifiable causes of enhanced muscle mass loss among seniors. However, the individual benefit, as well as the additive or possibly interactive benefit of exercise and Protein supplementation on fall prevention has yet to be confirmed in a large clinical trial. This study aims to test the individual and combined effect and cost-effectiveness of a simple home exercise program and / or protein supplementation on the risk of falling in seniors at high risk of progressive muscle mass loss and sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is a generalized, progressive and multifactorial muscle impairment, causing multiple pathologies and their consequences such as falls, fractures, dependence, worsening of cognitive disorders and death. Interventions to combat the progression of sarcopenia should be introduced as soon as clinically suspected, based on functional tests to measure muscle strength. Diagnostic confirmation of sarcopenia can be done using several validated methods of estimating muscle mass: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), biphotonic absorptiometry (DEXA) or bio-impedanceometry. Their availability in clinical routine remains limited due to their high costs and/or lack of accessibility depending on the place of practice. On the other hand, there are certain pitfalls for carrying out these various examinations, in connection with several common clinical problems in the study population: mobility disorders and neurodegenerative disorders disabling for transport and access to the examination table for imaging examinations, hydration disorders distorting measures for bio-impedancetry. Previous studies suggest that ultrasound may be as effective a tool as previous methods for diagnostic confirmation of sarcopenia. Because of its non-invasive and non-irradiating nature, its affordability, its short duration of realization, its availability and its low constraints of realization, the ultrasound could help to remove some of the current limits to the diagnostic confirmation of sarcopenia. The investigators hypothesis is that ultrasound can be used to implement a simple and reliable protocol for assessing sarcopenia in the elderly. It could also be used to detect sarcopenia at an early stage ("presarcopenia") while the decrease in muscle mass is not yet accompanied by a decrease in skeletal muscle strength.

Sarcopenia is an age-related gradual loss of muscle mass and strength and is associated with physical disability and mortality risk. Currently, the most promising remedy for preventing and treating sarcopenia is physical activity, particularly progressive resistance training. Yet, the amount of resistance exercise needed to achieve optimal benefits remains largely unknown. This lack of knowledge is underpinned by the notion that aging reduces the ability to adapt to (and benefit from) resistance training, and is further complicated by a relative large degrees of between-subject heterogeneity. The primary aim of the study is to compare the effects of 10 weeks of resistance training with low- and moderate volume (one vs. three sets per exercise) on muscle mass accretion in lower and upper body extremities in young (<30 years of age) and elderly individuals (>70 years of age). Specifically, the study addresses the hypothesis that elderly individuals will benefit more from higher exercise volume (moderate vs. low) compared to their young counterparts. In addition, the study aims to compare the efficacy of the two volume conditions for altering other characteristics such as muscle strength and biology, including assessment of associations between individual changes in muscle mass, strength and biology (e.g. the relationship between muscle mass accretion and muscle content of rRNA/rDNA), and also to investigate the general health effects of the intervention.

Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass and function, is a prevalent disorder in elderly individuals or individuals with chronic diseases. Given the above, there is an ongoing intensive search for novel therapies, including dietary ones, that can attenuate the loss of muscle mass and strength in the elderly. A proposed mechanism by which skeletal muscles might mediate their protective effect against sarcopenia is by secreting myokines as irisin. Phenolic compounds presents in grape have shown to be able to induce irisin secretion in muscle from rats supplemented with a grape pomace extract. The Ian of this study is to evaluate this mechanism in humans.

The aim of the study is to compare the effects of Krill Oil and Fish Oil supplementation on muscle function in older adults. The secondary aim is to investigate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects previously observed.

The main objective of the present study is to add knowledge of the potential health effects and mechanism of action by a dietary strategy based on a VOO rich in phenolic compounds (156 mg hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol/kg oil) alone or combination with prebiotic supplementation based on fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin to tackle sarcopenia by improving skeletal muscle mass and function and CVD risk factors in early elderly (60-80 years) home-dwelling sarcopenic subjects. The specific objectives: To determine the compliance food intake biomarkers of VOO in 24h urine samples and prebiotic intake in faecal samples. To evaluate the effect of the NFOC-diet supplemented by VOO rich in phenolic compounds (156 mg hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol/kg oil) alone or in combination with prebiotic supplementation (FOS and inulin) on the improvement of muscle mass, muscle performance, gait performance, cardiovascular disease risk factors (inflammation, oxidation and endothelial function), and gut microbiota, in sarcopenic young-elderly subjects. To assess the mechanisms of action of the NFOC-diet supplemented by VOO rich in phenolic compounds (156 mg hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol/kg oil) alone or in combination with prebiotic supplementation (FOS and inulin) involved in the development of sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease in vivo and in vitro cellular models. To determine if the effects achieved after the intervention (12 weeks of intervention) will be sustained 12 weeks after the FOOP-Sarc intervention cessation (12 weeks of intervention + 12 weeks of follow-up), by assessing the sarcopenia and CVD risk factors in sarcopenic early elderly subjects. To co-create nutritional and physical activity recommendations of FOOP-Sarc study based on sarcopenia improvement by a sample of volunteers of the FOOP-Sarc study, and to assess the adherence and the effectivity of the recommendations, in comparison to standard recommendations created by researchers, the satisfaction and engagement experience in a co-creation process, and the usability of recommendations.

The investigators' pre-clinical study confirms the positive effects of combined treatment (VT + HMB) on reducing fat-to-lean tissue ratio, intramuscular fat infiltration and increasing muscle strength in sarcopenia animal model. The results showed that fat mass could be decreased by ~32%, while histology Oil Red O staining indicated a decrease of fat by almost 60%; in contrast, lean muscle mass increased by ~14%. On muscle strength, combined treatment increased twitch force, tetanic force and grip strength by ~30-66%. These in vivo results are very encouraging and the investigators should explore its potential in clinical translation. As VT and HMB supplement have been commercially available and their compliance rates are satisfactory, they can be translated to clinical application easily. The investigators' next step is to confirm its clinical efficacy, so that sarcopenia becomes a new indication of VT and HMB. The hypothesis is that combined treatment of VT and HMB can retard the progression of sarcopenia in human, in terms of muscle mass, muscle strength and performance.

NEXPREM is a single-center non-blinded randomized controlled trial investigating preoperative exercise and nutrition for sarcopenic patients in major hepatic surgery for liver malignancies. Patients with sarcopenia undergoing major hepatectomies have high rates of postoperative complications. Previous studies have demonstrated that preoperative rehabilitation with exercise and nutrition may help reduce the negative impact of sarcopenia. The investigator's hypothesis is that preoperative nutrition and exercise may reduce complications in sarcopenic patients undergoing major hepatectomies. Sarcopenic patients at diagnosis will be randomized in Group A undergoing upfront surgery and Group B undergoing preoperative rehabilitation. Outcome will be overall 90 day morbidity.

The goal of this interventional study is to evaluate the effects of bundle combination of Amway All-plant protein booster with Nutrilite Lifestyle guideline and/or EMS (Electric Muscle Stimulation) device on Osteoarthritis & Sarcopenia in the middle-aged and elderly (50-70 years old) people. 240 eligible participants will be randomly assigned to 4 equal size study groups (ideally 52 for each group will complete the study) in the two study centers in Shanghai, three site visits will be made during the 6 months of study after screening test. All clinical data will be measured /captured on paper CRF(Case Report Form) and then recorded into CTMS(Clinical Trial Data Management System) for analysis and reporting. It's essential that participants should practice with the assigned guideline and device besides taking the products per day. Researchers will compare the four groups to see if there is significant improvement of Amway study products with bundle combination of Nutrilite Lifestyle guideline and/or EMS on Osteoarthritis & Sarcopenia in the participants.