Active clinical trials for "Peritonitis"

Damage control surgery (DCS) with abdominal negative pressure therap (NPT) and delayed anastomosis creation in patients with perforated diverticulitis and generalized peritonitis was established at our Institution in 2006 and has been published. This is the first prospectively controlled randomized study comparing DCS with conventional treatment (Group C).

The aim of the study is to identify the diagnostic value of the focused assessed echocardiography in septic patients undergoing urgent abdominal surgery due to peritonitis. The investigators expect that the incidence of hemodynamic instability will be reduced and the survival of the patients will be improved.

The purpose of this study was to explore the impacts of different continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) dosage (three 2-Liter exchanges CAPD vs. four 2-Liter exchanges CAPD) on residual kidney function, technique survival, patient survival, and peritonitis in incident Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients.

Septic shock of intra-abdominal origin is likely due to Gram-negative bacteria or mixed pathogens and associated with high levels of endotoxin. The injury to the endothelium results in an increase of endothelial permeability, interstitial edema and release of nitric oxide (NO) that is a very potent vasodilatator. [6] Polymyxins obtained from the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus polymyxa are antibiotics known for their ability to bind LPS in the outer membrane of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall as well as free endotoxins with high affinity. Polymyxin-B has been shown to block the activation of cells by a wide variety of LPS. Studies converged to show an improvement in the treatment of septic shock by removing circulating endotoxin.Starting Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion during the operative time is to block the initiation of various deleterious biological cascades induced by endotoxemia such as systemic inflammation, disseminated coagulation disorders, and shock, leading to organ dysfunction and death.

For the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis, norfloxacin 400mg per day is a standard regimen. Ciprofloxacin 750 mg per week is also known to be effective for prevention of SBP. In addition, ciprofloxacin once weekly administration is more convenient and less costly. Therefore ciprofloxacin once weekly could be more useful if the the efficacy is comparable to norfloxacin once daily. This study aims to prove ciprofloxacin once weekly administration is as effective as norfloxacin once daily administration for the prevention of SBP in cirrhotic patients with ascites.

The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical usefulness of IVIG in combination therapy with antibacterial agents for severe peritonitis after lower digestive tract surgery.

Study Design: Double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial Study Duration:2 years Study Center: Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona (single center) Objectives: To assess the effect of adjunctive Vivomixx® on bacterial translocation in patients with cirrhosis and SBP Number of Subjects: 30 Main Inclusion Criteria: Patients with cirrhosis hospitalized with an episode of SBP at Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Study Product, Dose, Route, Regimen: Vivomixx ® sachets containing 450 x 109 bacteria, 2 every 12 hours during hospitalization (n=15), or placebo (n=15) Duration of administration: During hospitalization due to SBP episode Hypothesis: The adjunctive treatment with Vivomixx® in patients with cirrhosis and SBP could decrease bacterial translocation and systemic and cerebral proinflammatory state. This would result in a faster SBP resolution, a decrease in the incidence of complications and an improvement in cognitive function.

Intraabdominal fungal infections with Candida are constantly increasing. Their diagnosis and treatment is difficult. Morbidity and mortality are high. Β-D-Glucan has been proposed as a marker of systemic fungal infection in candidemia. Moreover, its kinetics is associated with therapeutic success. On the other hand, there are no data on intraabdominal infections that are much more frequent. The objective of the study is to evaluate the initial levels of β-D-glucan and its daily kinetics during the treatment of fungal peritonitis in resuscitation compared to a control group with a yeast-free peritonitis.

This is a pilot randomized, controlled trial of Vitamin D supplementation in patients on peritoneal dialysis to determine the feasibility of a future full-scale RCT exploring if oral administration of vitamin D3 could reduce the risk of subsequent Peritoneal dialysis-related (PD-related) peritonitis. Aims of the study: Aim 1: To determine the feasibility of oral vitamin D supplementation among PD patients who have recovered from a recent episode of peritonitis. Aim 2: To examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the risk for peritonitis among patients on peritoneal dialysis.

This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the effectiveness of treatment with beta-blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis with portal hypertension.