Active clinical trials for "Sepsis"

Pharmacology of Exenatide in Pediatric Sepsis, PEPS is a phase 1-2 research study that will examine drug safety, drug metabolism, drug action and preliminary drug clinical effects of four does of exenatide injected every 12 hours to children with shock from infection (septic shock). The investigators hypothesize that exenatide can be safely dosed to children with sepsis to achieve blood levels of drug similar to that achieved in teenagers with type 2 diabetes. The investigators further hypothesize that injection of exenatide to children with septic shock will normalize blood glucose levels and decrease levels of inflammation proteins in the blood during the early course of sepsis.

Almost all (99%) of the neonatal deaths occur in lower and middle income countries. Most of these deaths are attributable to prematurity and infection. With the increasing rate of premature births in some settings, the mortality rate of over 50% among preterm babies in some of the developing countries require inexpensive hospital-based strategies to prevent fatal infections in newborns of these countries. As most of the deaths in preterm neonates are attributable to their vulnerability of infection, a potential low cost intervention like topical emollient therapy can be effectively directed to reduce infection related mortality and morbidity in the developing countries. Topical emollient therapy reduces the rate of infection by enhancing the skin barrier function, thus reducing trans-epidermal water loss consequently conserving heat and energy to promote growth. The broad goal of the study is to improve the survival rate of hospitalized preterm neonates in the developing countries by decreasing the incidence of infection using low-cost interventions. HYPOTHESIS: It is hypothesized that topical emollient therapy with coconut oil twice a day till 28th day of life in hospitalized preterm neonates reduces the incidence proportion of hospital acquired infection by 40% 15 as compared to routine skin care. For the secondary objective it is hypothesized that the weight gain in the neonates receiving prophylactic application of emollient, which is coconut oil twice a day till 28th day of life, is at least 2g/kg/day18 more as compared to the weight gain in the routine skin care group.

This study will be performed to determine whether selenium replacement reduces 28-day mortality of severe sepsis and septic shock patients, and to investigate whether selenium replacement contributes differently to the mortality reduction of the patients according to their initial serum selenium level.

The purpose of this study is to verify the equivalence in clinical efficacy of fluconazole and micafungin for the treatment of Candida bloodstream infection in non-neutropenic patients.

This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study to evaluate biochemical, clinical, and safety effects of 2 doses of intravenous L-citrulline compared to placebo in patients with severe sepsis at risk for or with acute lung injury. The hypothesis is that intravenous L-citrulline will decreased the development or progression of acute lung injury in patients with severe sepsis compared to placebo.

Use of long-term central venous access devices (including tunneled lines and ports) can be associated with development of bloodstream infection caused by build-up of bacteria or fungus on the inside of the device, called central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). This infection generally requires hospital admission and antibiotic therapy. This treatment usually helps eradicate the infection but sometimes it is not possible to clear or it comes back after treatment. Also, once someone has had one line infection the chance of getting another one is higher. This study will test whether treatment and secondary prophylaxis of CLABSI with ethanol lock therapy (ELT) can significantly reduce the risk of treatment failure (comprising failure to clear initial infection, relapse or reinfection) in children and adolescents treated for cancer or hematologic disorders or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). ELT involves injecting a solution of ethanol and water into the line or port, allowing it to dwell for 2 hours, and then withdrawing the solution.

The current study aims to validate the diagnostic use of PCT assessing its capability to individualize and shorten the duration of antibiotic therapy in critically ill patients with suspected or confirmed sepsis. In particular, no well-designed intervention study has properly examined the following hypothesis: A PCT-guided antibiotic discontinuation strategy enables to reduce antibiotic treatment duration in critically ill patients with suspected or documented sepsis, without harming patient safety.

The purpose of this study is to show whether Veronate, a donor-selected staphylococcal human immune globulin intravenous (IGIV), can prevent an infection in the blood caused by staphylococcal bacteria in premature babies weighing between 500 and 1250 grams at birth. Babies are enrolled between Day of Life 3 and 5. Babies are randomized to either Veronate or placebo (50-50 chance of either). Babies can receive up to 4 doses of the study drug on Study Days 1, 3, 8 and 15 and are followed until Study Day 70 or discharge from the hospital.

The aim of this study is to compare the effect of EMS and conventional physical therapy on strength and muscle mass and development in adult patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.

This study, performed over a course of 3 years in 5 collaborating hospitals in Cameroon, Africa, will randomize 750 women in labor with prolonged rupture of membranes ≥ 8 hours or prolonged labor ≥ 18 hours to identical oral regimens of 1 gram of azithromycin, 1 gram of azithromycin+2 grams of amoxicillin or placebo. Women will be followed to ascertain maternal infectious outcomes and perinatal outcomes.