Active clinical trials for "Sepsis"

The role of complement system in bridging innate and adaptive immunity has been confirmed in various invasive pathogens. The aim of this study is to investigate the alteration of complement C3 in patients with severe abdominal sepsis and evaluate the role of complement C3 depletion in prognosis of such patients. The relationship between complement C3 depletion and adaptive immunity is studied meanwhile.

effects of enteral l-arginine to decrease feeding intolerance and risk of NEC in neonates via its role as a NO precursor. Also, enteral glutamine which may play a role as an immunomodulator on preterm neonates. all these had never been studied in developing countries where sepsis and nec act as a major participant in mortality rates.

The purpose of this pilot study is to test feasibility of concept, consent and enrollment rates, and mechanics of study designed to assess if intra-catheter dwells of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is effective in decreasing the rate of clinically diagnosed central line associated blood stream infection (CLABSI) or venous thromboembolism (VTE) in central venous catheters (CVC) compared to standard of care heparin dwell.

The purpose of this study is to see if applying parafilm as an external barrier on the central line in children having a bone marrow transplant helps to prevent central line associated bloodstream infection(s) and also to assess the ease of use of parafilm.

Central venous catheter (CVC) infection is a common complication in pediatric patients, resulting in prolonged length of stay in hospital, requiring antibiotics, invasive procedures and increase morbidity and mortality. Given the repercussion of this complication, measures that minimize its should be stimulated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of intraluminal alcoholization (ethanol lock therapy) on prevention of infection of short-term central venous catheters in pediatric patients.

Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS), occurring in newborn of at least 7 days of life, is frequently observed in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) and potentially severe (mortality, neurologic and respiratory impairments). Despite its high prevalence, a reliable diagnostic remains difficult. Currently, nonspecific clinical signs that might be linked to other neonatal conditions, such as prematurity and birth defects are used to determine the diagnosis of LOS. Laboratory results of biological markers, such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT) are often delayed in comparison with LOS onset. Blood culture results are too late and lack sensitivity. Excessive antibiotic use is observed in a large proportion of NICU hospitalized newborns. This results in an increased antibiotic resistance, microbiota modification, neonatal complications (pulmonary, ophthalmologic and neurologic) and mortality. The primary objective is to identify, on a cohort of 250 patients, the optimal biomarker combination with good diagnostic performance (i.e. with maximal Area Under the ROC Curve) to early exclude a LOS diagnostic in newborns of at least 7 days of life with suggestive signs. This identification will be carried out, as a secondary objective, with a sub-group of pre-term neonates whose birth weight is less than 1500 grams. The diagnostic value of the clinical signs that are suggestive of LOS will also be determined (sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values). Once identified, the biomarker combination is expected to reduce unjustified antibiotic use.

Post extubation respiratory failure occur in 30% of extubated patients. More than 50% of them required reintubation. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV) had been reported as an effective tool to prevent post extubation respiratory failure. Recently, high flow oxygen nasal cannula (HFNC) had been successfully used to prevent post extubation respiratory failure and prevent reintubation in comparable with NIV among post cardiothoracic surgery and high risk for reintubated patients. There was no information about HFNC versus NIV in prevention of reintubation among severe sepsis or septic shock patients.

The adequacy of early empiric antimicrobial therapy is an important factor in determining the outcome in patients with severe sepsis. The duration of adequate antibiotic therapy in these patients however is less clear. Duration of antibiotic therapy in patients with sepsis in the ICU based on inflammatory markers has not been extensively studied. Procalcitonin (PCT) is an acute phase protein that has prognostic value in critically ill patients and can be used to monitor disease activity in sepsis and systemic inflammation. This study will examine the effect of PCT guided antibiotic therapy compared with conventional antibiotic therapy on treatment duration in patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU.

The objective of this study is to implement an opt-out protocol to guide appropriate de-escalation of antibiotics in qualifying patients. The protocol, determined over the course a year with the help of a large, well-rounded expert panel, will be used by pharmacists to recommend de-escalation of antibiotics to hospital providers. Providers can then decide whether or not to follow the recommendation in determining the best treatment pathway for his or her patient.

This study determines the effectiveness of oral nystatin as prophylaxis in order to prevent systemic fungal infection in very low birth weight preterm neonates. 47 participants received oral nystatin and 48 participants received sterile water as part of oral hygiene.